Hantoro Satriadi

Biodiesel production from multi feedstock as feed with direct ultrasound assisted

The objective of this study was to optimize of ratio oil type, ratio oil to methanol and catalyst concentration. The optimization was used Central Composite Design (CCD). Biodiesel was produced with multi stock oil as feed and conducted in direct ultrasonic radiation. Biosonic equiped with ultrasonic generator with a frequency of 28 kHz. Biodiesel produced at a pressure of 1 atm, reaction time of 60 min and temperature 60 ° C. The optimum conditions of volume ratio for Palm and Coconut oil 4:1, KOH catalyst concentration 0.3% and methanol to oil mole ratio 7:1. Biodiesel yield was determined under this condition and obtained 81.105%.

Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale) based drinks

Indonesia is a rich spices country, both as a cooking spice and medicine. One of the most abundant commodities is red ginger, where it still less in application. On the other hand, the level of pollution is higher, so antioxidants are needed to protect the body cells from the bad effects of free radicals. The body can not naturally produce antioxidants as needed, so we need to consume foods with high antioxidant content. The purpose of this study is to know the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in red ginger (Zingiber officinale) based drinks. Research design with complete randomized design (RAL) with factorial pattern 3 x 3, as the first factor is red ginger extract and water ratio (1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 3) and second factor is the type of sugar used (cane sugar, palm sugar and mixed sugar). The results of this study indicate that red ginger extract and water ratio of 1: 3 give higher antioxidant. The highest antioxidant obtained in red ginger extract and water ratio of 1: 3 and using mixed sugar. That antioxidants value is 88.56%, it is not significant decreased compared to the antioxidant of pure ginger extract that is 91.46%. For higher phenol total content obtained on syrup that uses palm sugar. The highest phenol total content obtained in red ginger extract and water ratio of 1: 1 and using palm sugar. That total phenol content value is 6299 ppm.

Biodiesel production from jatropha curcas oil and palm oil by using undirect ultrasonic assisted

The limitation of unrenewable energy required alternative renewable energy and environmental friendly. Biodiesel as one renewable energy that production from vegetable oil. The main reactions are on biodiesel production esterification and transesterification. Nevertheless, this reaction is slow, requires a lot of alcohol and a catalyst, the reaction has not been perfect. A mixing of vegetable that contain jatropha curcas oil and palm oil as feedstock. The objective of this research to optimumize of triglyceride conversion for three variable; include weight ratio jatropha curcas oil to palm oil catalyst concentration and molar ratio of methanol to oil. The experiments were carried out with ultrasonic undirect assisted‥ The operation condition was included ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz and temperature of 60°C. The results showed that optimum condition was obtained in weight ratio jatropha and palm oil 2∶1, 1.5 wt% catalyst, and mole ratio of 6∶1 with a mixture of methanol-oil and conversion is 95.341%, where product are qualified SNI and ASTM.

Biodiesel production with continuous processing and direct Ultrasonic Assisted

Biodiesel is an alternative energy can made from renewable resources such as vegetable oils and animal fats. One of considerable resource is vegetable oil, the plants lipid-based oils. However, the application of vegetable oil in Indonesia are mostly used for foodstuff oil (edible oil), so its not recommended as biodiesel feedstock because it is vital for human consumption, therefore it is required a new source of low usability vegetable oil such as Waste-Cooking Oil. The application of waste-cooking oil as biodiesel feedstock can reduce waste problems too. One technology that are lately often used is Ultrasonic-Assisted Technology. The objective of this research is to develop biodiesel process with Continuous Processing and Ultrasonic-Assisted Technology. Free Fatty Acid (FFA) contents in used cooking oil was analyzed with acidi alkali metry. FFA was reduced with esterification or neutralization process up to <3wt.%. Transesterification reaction was carried out with a base catalyst continuously reaction and ultrasonic assisted. Products were separated and analyzed about density, viscosity and contents of methyl ester. The results of experiments shown that the experiments with ratio methanol to triglyceride 8∶1 was better product than ratio of 4∶1. Increasing flowrate (14–16 ml/.minute) caused yield of biodiesel increase to. Yield of biodiesel was obtained 75.6–78%. Characteristics of biodiesel produced in accordance with ISO biodiesels.