Hany Ayad Bastawrous

Detection of Ground Glass Opacities in Lung CT Images Using Gabor Filters and Neural Networks

This paper aims at developing a CAD system used for the detection of Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) nodules in chest CT images. In our scheme, we apply Gabor filter on the CT image in order to enhance the detection process. After this we perform some morphological operations including threshold process and labeling to extract the objects having high intensity values. Then, some feature analysis is used to examine these objects to decide which of them are likely to be cancer candidates. Following the feature analysis, a template matching between the potential cancer candidates and some Gaussian reference models is performed to determine the similarity between them. The algorithm was applied on 715 slices containing 25 GGO nodules and achieved detection sensitivity of 92% with False Positive (FP) rate of 0.76 FP/slice. Finally, we used an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to reduce the number of FP findings. After using ANN, we were able to reduce the FP rate to 0.25 FP/slice but at the expense of decreasing the detection sensitivity to 84%

Design and implementation of a new thin cost effective AC hum based touch sensing keyboard

Although touch pads and screens have been widely researched recently, complexity and high cost have been major issues in their implementation. In this paper, we present a new touch-sensing technique for the implementation of a simple and cost-effective touch keyboard based on the AC hum phenomenon which exists in the vicinity of any AC source. The proposed technique has the advantage of being customizable according to the demands of the user. Moreover, it can be integrated with other applications as it can be made flexible, transparent, in any size and in any color.

A novel active MMI bi-stable laser using cross-gain saturation between fundamental and first order modes

A novel MMI-based bi-stable laser is proposed for realizing compact size. Relatively low operation current of 100 mA (8 mA hysteresis), and high ON/OFF optical power-ratio of 15 dB were successfully achieved (@L=550 mum).

A New CAD System for Detecting Localized Ground Glass Opacity Nodules in Lung CT images Using Cross and Coronary Section Images

This study is intended to propose a novel Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) scheme for automatic detection of localized Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) nodules in chest Computed Tomography (CT) images. The main idea of our method is to confirm the existence of the GGO candidates in the cross sectional CT images by examining the coronary sectional CT images based on the fact that nodular candidates tend to appear circular in both sections. Our detection scheme begins with a preprocessing stage to the cross sectional CT image to extract the lung region and enhance the intensity values of the nodular regions. We then filter the resulting image with Gabor filter followed by thresholding and labeling to assign the suspected regions and match them with some predefined reference Gaussian templates. Thereafter, some characteristic morphological and gray level features are used to discriminate the potential GGO candidates. Finally, we confirm the existence of the GGO nodules by examining the coronary sectional CT images. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for our CAD scheme was constructed to evaluate its performance. The proposed scheme had an area under the ROC curve of 0.94, which proves its potential effectiveness in GGO nodule detection

Flexible ITO-free touch panel based on the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields

To overcome the high cost and limited availability of indium tin oxide (ITO) used in manufacturing touch panels, in this work a novel polymer-based touch panel is proposed. The proposed touch panel interface is mainly made from a composition of acrylic resin and Polyethylene glycol which are abundant and low-cost materials. The touch-sensing technology adopted for this touch panel is based on detecting the induced voltage on the human body resulting from the surrounding 50/60Hz electromagnetic waves of power lines. In addition to its low cost and good performance, the implemented touch panel is flexible, transparent and above all, its interface is made from high-resistivity materials offering promising alternatives to ITO in touch panels manufacturing.

Online SoC estimation of lithium ion battery for EV/BEV using Kalman filter with fading memory

A novel algorithm based on fading Kalman filter to estimate the state of charge (SoC) of Li-ion battery used in electric vehicles is proposed and validated in this paper. Online identification of batterys electric model parameters followed by open circuit voltage estimation by fading Kalman filter resulted in accurate SoC estimation. The experimental results obtained from actual driving cycle in real-time reveal the robust performance of the proposed algorithm.

Low Hysteresis Threshold Current (39 mA) Active Multimode-Interferometer (MMI) Bistable Laser Diodes Using Lateral-Modes Bistability

We demonstrate low hysteresis threshold current (39 mA) bistable laser diodes (BLDs), with maintaining sufficient hysteresis window (7 mA, 18% of the hysteresis threshold), in active multimode-interferometer (MMI) using lateral-modes bistability. The sufficient cross-gain saturation effect, due to the lateral-modes bistability principle, enables wide hysteresis window. By using this principle, we could design the active-MMI BLDs with relatively short saturable-absorber length that has been one of the main causes of high hysteresis threshold current. In the actual design, we reduce the saturable-absorber region length to 25 μm, and thus, we could achieve a low hysteresis current of 39 mA in the active-MMI BLDs with maintaining sufficient hysteresis window for the first time.

A Touch Sensing Technique Using the Effects of Extremely Low Frequency Fields on the Human Body

Touch sensing is a fundamental approach in human-to-machine interfaces, and is currently under widespread use. Many current applications use active touch sensing technologies. Passive touch sensing technologies are, however, more adequate to implement low power or energy harvesting touch sensing interfaces. This paper presents a passive touch sensing technique based on the fact that the human body is affected by the surrounding extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields, such as those of AC power lines. These external ELF fields induce electric potentials on the human body—because human tissues exhibit some conductivity at these frequencies—resulting in what is called AC hum. We therefore propose a passive touch sensing system that detects this hum noise when a human touch occurs, thus distinguishing between touch and non-touch events. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated by designing and implementing a flexible touch sensing keyboard.

Granite-based touch-sensing floor for machinery safety and exergaming

Touch-sensing floor technologies are attractive due their use in several applications. Such technologies include infrared, resistive, capacitive and pressure sensing. Nonetheless, these technologies require special tiles or costly setups. For simplicity and cost effectiveness, we propose a new touch-sensing that can use granite as the touch interface. This can be achieved by utilizing the effects of extremely low frequency fields on the human body and the electrical characteristics of the granite. Using the proposed technology, granite floors can be transformed into touch-sensing floors capable of human presence detection in various applications such as machinery safety and exergaming.

SOC estimation for LiFePO 4 battery in EVs using recursive least-squares with multiple adaptive forgetting factors

This work presents a novel technique which is simple yet effective in estimating electric model parameters and state-of-charge (SOC) of the LiFePO4 battery. Unlike the well-known recursive least-squares-based algorithms with single constant forgetting factor, this technique employs multiple adaptive forgetting factors to provide the capability to capture the different dynamics of model parameters. The validity of the proposed method is verified through experiments using actual driving cycles.