Haruo Ezaki

ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE METABOLISM DURING HEPATIC ISCHEMIA AND SUBSEQUENT BLOOD REFLOW PERIODS AND ITS RELATION TO ORGAN VIABILITY

In an experimental model system for liver transplantation, the ability of the rat liver to synthesize ATP and to maintain adequate energy charge and total adenine nucleotides during restoration of hepatic blood flow following warm ischemia was found to determine tissue viability and survival of the animal. A portafemoral shunt prepared to relieve portal congestion enhanced the rate and extent of ATP resynthesis by the reflow following hepatic ischemia and this was accompanied by an increase in the survival rate of the rat.

Analysis of thyroid carcinoma based on material registered in japan during 1977-1 986 with special reference to predominance of papillary type

Background. As geographic differences have been observed in the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma, an analysis was made on thyroid carcinoma in the iodine rich country of Japan.

Protective Effects Of α-tocopherol And Coenzyme Q10 On Warm Ischemic Damages Of The Rat Kidney

Studies were done on the protective effects of alpha-tocopherol and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on warm ischemic damage to the rat kidney. Administration of alpha-tocopherol (10 mg/kg body wt/day) for 7 days or a single i.p. injection of CoQ10 (6 mg/kg body wt) increased the survival rate from 0 to 46.7% of the rats subjected to warm ischemia for 120 min. The administration of alpha-tocopherol and CoQ10 increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the renal tissue from 0.53 +/- 0.18 to 0.92 +/- 0.29, and from 0.64 +/- 0.26 to 1.00 +/- 0.54 mumol/g wet weight, respectively, 4-hr reperfusion after 120 min of warm ischemia. Serum creatinine levels of the surviving rats after 120 min of warm ischemia was 9.98 +/- 0.19 mg/100 ml in the control group and 5.84 +/- 0.95 and 7.27 +/- 1.62 mg/100 ml, respectively, in alpha-tocopherol and CoQ10 administered group, when determined 2 days after the operation. These results indicate that alpha-tocopherol and CoQ10 have a protective effect on warm ischemic damage to the rat kidney, demonstrated by an increase in ATP resynthesis after reflow following warm ischemia and by the maintenance of a lower serum creatinine level. This effect was accompanied by an increase in the survival rate of ischemic rats.

Salivary gland tumors in atomic bomb survivors, Hiroshima, Japan. II. Pathologic study and supplementary epidemiologic observations

A pathological investigation was undertaken in Hiroshima on cases seen between 1945 and 1971 to determine the relationship between salivary gland tumors and exposure to atomic (A) bomb radiation. Of the 208 cases of histologically confirmed salivary gland tumors, 62 were A‐bomb survivors and 146 were nonexposed. The relative risk based on the rate in the nonexposed for malignant tumors of salivary glands among the exposed in Hiroshima Prefecture was 11.0, while that of the submaxillary gland was 13.8 and that of the parotid gland was 9.8. They were all highly significant by X2 test (P < 0.001). The latent period of malignant salivary gland tumors was shorter in the exposed than in the nonexposed. Four cases of benign salivary gland tumor, all being benign mixed tumors of the parotid gland, were observed in children whose parents had been exposed. The incidence of mixed tumors of the salivary gland among the exposed in Hiroshima City was 2.0 times higher than that among the nonexposed and showed a tendency to increase with proximity to the hypocenter (P < 0.01). Cancer 52:377‐385, 1983.

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Anastomosis Following Thyroid Surgery

End-to-end anastomosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve had been abandoned because movement of the vocal cords could not be restored because of misdirected regeneration. However, the authors discovered that, although vocal cord movement could not be restored, phonation was better in those in whom the recurrent laryngeal nerve was anastomosed than in those in whom it had been left in the severed state. Hoarseness improves after nerve anastomosis because it prevents vocal cord atrophy and the vocal cord gap is smaller. End-to-end anastomosis of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is, therefore, considered to be of value.RésuméLanastomose termino-terminale du nerf récurrent après blessure chirurgicale a été abandonnée en raison de léchec de la régénération par la majorité des chirurgiens.Les auteurs ont remarqué cependant que si les mouvements des cordes vocales ne peuvent être rétablis la tentative de restoration de la continuité du nerf donne de meilleurs résultats que labandon des deux extrémités sectionnées.La raucité de la voix saméliore après la tentative danastomose parce quelle prévient latrophie de la corde vocale.Lanastomose termino-terminale après blessure du nerf laryngé inférieur mérite donc dêtre toujours tentée.

Leukemia and Thyroid Carcinoma Found among A-Bomb Survivors in Hiroshima

It is a well-known fact that various neoplasms can be induced by ionizing radiation. In humans, leukemia, and carcinomas of the skin, lung, thyroid gland, etc., have been reported among persons exposed to either total body or local irradiation, mostly for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes with X-rays. On the other hand, the final conclusion has not been reached yet, whether certain types of neoplasm were induced significantly by the atomic bomb explosions at Hiroshima and Nagasaki. But at present it is considered to be almost certain that leukemia and thyroid carcinoma were induced in high incidences by atomic bomb radiation. Induction of malignant lymphoma and carcinomas of the breast, ovary and lungs by atomic bomb irradiation is inconclusive and accepted by some and denied by others. For these reasons, presentation of data and discussion on this occasion will be limited to leukemia and thyroid carcinoma.

Neural and humoral factors influence gastric receptive relaxation in dogs

To clarify the neural and humoral factors which control gastric receptive relaxation, the effects of various types of vagotomy or splanchnicotomy on receptive relaxation of the canine innervated corpus pouch were investigated. The influence of gastrin, histamine H1-receptor antagonist, and anti-histamine releasing agents on receptive relaxation were also examined. Selective proximal vagotomy or splanchnicotomy resulted in a slight disturbance in receptive relaxation. Truncal vagotomy produced a marked disturbance in receptive relaxation. Administration of tetragastrin potently inhibited receptive relaxation, however, recovery occurred by injecting a histamine H1-receptor antagonist. Increased serum gastrin induced by perfusion of the antrum with liver extract solution disturbed receptive relaxation and this response was inhibited by pretreatment with transamine, an inhibitor of histamine release from histamine secreting cells. These results indicate that receptive relaxation in the canine stomach is controlled not only by vagal and splanchnic nerves, but also by gastrin and histamine.

A parathyroid cyst effectively treated with a sclerosing agent

Sclerosing solution was injected into a parathyroid cyst through a needle used for aspiration biopsy cytology. One year has passed without a recurrence and a cure is expected.

Bilateral resection and reconstruction of internal jugular vein for thyroid carcinoma

Two patients with thyroid carcinoma infiltrating bilateral internal jugular veins were treated. In reconstruction of the internal jugular vein by implantation of an autogenous venous segment or Gore-Tex artificial vessel, the repaired area soon became obstructed. The repaired area with the Impra-Flex artificial vessel became obstructed again one month after the implantation. In the reconstruction by ipsilateral end-to-end anastomosis between the internal and external jugular veins, good circulation was apparent even 2 years after the operation. The internal-external jugular vein anastomosis is expected to increase the safety of single-stage bilateral excision of the internal jugular vein, as an adjunct to total thyroidectomy, in the surgical treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

Feminizing adrenocortical carcinoma in man

A 37-year-old male with adrenocortical tumor presenting marked gynecomastia and impotence as initial symptoms was experienced. Abnormal elevations in urinary 17-KS, 17-OHCS and blood estrogen levels were noted. Total surgical removal of the tumor weghing 800g was performed. Postoperatively the gynecomastia disappeared and he regained libido with no signs of recurrence one year later.