Hasniyati Hamzah

Impact of entrepreneurship education programme (EEP) on entrepreneurial intention of real estate graduates

Abstract In the current socio-economic context of the “risk society” characterised by uncertainty and turmoil, entrepreneurship is one of the soft skills that is important among university graduates to ensure their survival in the real world. Realising that this skill can be taught and honed in professional undergraduate programmes, many universities have made entrepreneurship education a compulsory subject to improve undergraduate’s entrepreneurship skills. The discourse on entrepreneurship education programme (EEP) revealed a number of issues being discussed within conventional professional programmes such as engineering and management. Little is known about the impact of EEP on entrepreneurship intention within less popular professional programmes such as real estate. This paper provides an insight into how the compulsory entrepreneurship course impacts the entrepreneurial intentions of graduates of a real estate programme in a public university in Malaysia. Using a mixed method approach, a questionnaire survey and interview were undertaken to elicit respondents’ views about the success of the course in terms of instilling and shaping characteristics associated with entrepreneurship. Respondents were found to be less impressed with theory, and more influenced by real-life examples and experiences when emulating entrepreneurship behaviour.

Pemilikan rumah bergadaijanji di Malaysia: Isu dan solusi jangka masa panjang

Sejak kemerdekaan, kerajaan Malaysia menyokong pemilikan rumah dalam kalangan rakyat berdasarkan faktor kestabilan sivil dan penjanaan ekonomi. Namun begitu, polisi dan penyelidikan tempatan jarang memperincikan jenis pemilikan rumah iaitu pemilikan mutlak, pemilikan separa dan pemilikan bergadaijanji sedangkan majoriti pemilikan rumah di bawah gadaijanji. Pemilikan rumah bergadaijanji tidak mutlak selagi hutang rumah tidak dijelaskan sepenuhnya. Kesejahteraan pemilik rumah bergantung kepada kemampuan bayaran balik hutang dan kos perumahan. Oleh itu, terdapat keperluan bagi penyelidik perumahan menggunakan rangka kerja yang mengandungi definisi, konsep dan teori yang betul untuk mengelakkan tanggapan yang salah mengenai pencapaian pemilikan rumah di Malaysia. Kajian ini bertujuan membentangkan isu berkaitan sistem pemilikan rumah bergadaijanji dan seterusnya mencadangkan solusi jangka masa panjang. Metodologi kajian bersandarkan pendekatan Struktur Penyediaan Perumahan yang diperkenalkan oleh Ball (1986) dan menggunakan analisis heuristik data sekunder yang disokong oleh kajian literatur. Secara amnya, didapati bahawa pemilikan rumah secara bergadaijanji merupakan punca harga rumah meningkat di luar kawalan dan menyumbang kepada tahap hutang isi rumah yang kritikal. Sumbangan utama kajian ini ialah penggunaan konsep yang betul dalam mendapatkan gambaran sebenar pemilikan rumah, seterusnya memperbaiki persepsi pembuat dasar dan penyelidik mengenai pemilikan rumah di Malaysia. Enam solusi jangka panjang dicadangkan bagi mengukuhkan kemampanan sektor perumahan iaitu anjakan paradigma mengenai rumah dan pemilikannya, pendidikan kewangan dan perundangan perumahan, kawalan pembelian dan harga rumah, pengukuhan sektor penyewaan persendirian, pengukuhan sektor penyewaan awam dan pengenalan pemegangan pertengahan.

The Meaning of Home and Its Implications on Alternative Tenures: A Malaysian Perspective

Abstract The discourse on the meaning of home is largely centred on the Western experiences and perspectives, producing insights into the economic and psycho-social aspects of home, with less attention on the Eastern context. This paper explores the emotive meaning of home from the perspective of Malaysia, a nation of homeowners. Gurney’s view of home as an emotional “warehouse” framed this inquiry, supporting the notion of feelings associated with the dwelling being created, deposited and drawn by its occupants. This paper represents part of a larger housing study into an alternative housing tenure for Malaysia that argues that the sense of home can be independent of housing tenure. This paper reports the meaning of home as derived from 10 diarists who have been actively involved in creating the “home” and were therefore capable to describe the process of emotional appropriation of their lived space. Findings suggested that the process of assigning meaning to home was dependent on diarists’ feelings, perceptions, attachments and relations regarding their lived space. Diarists mainly associated their emotive construction of home with family-centred activities and space, which took place in both the micro-sense (within the dwelling) and the macro-sense (the neighbourhood).

THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS IN SUSTAINING MANDATORY LOW-INCOME HOUSING

Abstract State intervention is crucial in delivering adequate housing for the urban poor. In 1982, the Malaysian government introduced a policy mandating low-income housing of prescribed building standards within new developments. Basically, private developers are required to have a certain proportion of low-cost housing in new developments above a certain size. The “low-cost housing quota” (LCHQ) policy has delivered almost 600,000 low-cost houses. Although the literature has described housing regulations as costly and inefficient, little is known of how Malaysia’s LCHQ requirement has continued to successfully produce low-income housing. Employing an institutional approach, this study provides a meso-level analysis of LCHQ in an understudied state in Malaysia. Findings show that planners adopt a semi-flexible stance in interpreting housing regulations, whereas developers assume strategic compliance behaviour. Furthermore, the study indicates that the mandatory low-cost housing has been sustained due to the reconciliation of actors’ motivations, negotiations between actors and reasonable regulatory mediations. By focusing on the behaviours of the two main actors in low-cost housing provision, this paper contributes to an understanding of on the ground operation of the LCHQ and, thus, informs policymakers on improvements to the existing system.