Hatice Karaer Ünaldi

Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis.

Aims: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating neurodegenerative inflammatory autoimmune disease. Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized as a strong urge to move the legs to stop abnormal sensations there. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether or not the increased RLS frequency seen in MS could be associated with depression and fatigue. Methods: The study involved 98 patients with definite MS and 129 healthy volunteers. The Beck Depression Inventory and Fatigue Severity Scale were used to assess all participants. The patients and the healthy volunteers were examined for RLS according to the criteria of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group. Results: When the factors related to RLS in MS were evaluated, there were significant relationships found among age, type of MS, pyramidal symptoms, intestinal and bladder symptoms, number of lesions in MR, depression, and fatigue. Risk factors for RLS were also seen more frequently in the MS group than in the healthy volunteers. Conclusion: RLS was seen 2.55 times more frequently in patients with MS than in the control group. This was due to the existence of numerous factors rather than a single factor – including depression and fatigue.

Diyabetik Polinöropati için Risk Faktörleri

INTRODUCTIONnThe aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for distal symmetric sensory-motor polyneuropathy (DSP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).nnnMETHODnSixty seven patients with type 2 DM (33 males and 34 females) were included in the study. In addition to a detailed neurological examination, the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument was administered to all patients and their total neuropathy scores were calculated. Nerve conduction examinations were performed for all patients.nnnRESULTSnThe mean age of the patients was 52.83±.87 years. The mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) value was 8.56±2.07% (normal: 3-6.5%). The total neuropathy score significantly correlated with diabetes duration, hypertension, retinopathy, and HbA1C.nnnCONCLUSIONnThis study confirms the previous reports regarding the association of neuropathy with poor glycaemic control and duration of the disease. The association of neuropathy with retinopathy and hypertension is important.

The relationship with restless legs syndrome, fibromyalgia, and depressive symptoms in migraine patients

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate restless legs syndrome, depression, frequency of fibromyalgia and possible causes of its frequencies, and the relationships among these synergies and migraine’s prodrome, aura, pain, and postdrome symptoms in patients with migraine.Subjects and methodsThe study group included 200 patients previously or recently diagnosed with definite migraine and according to International Headache Society criteria and 200 healthy volunteers. All subjects underwent a medical interview to confirm restless legs syndrome and fibromyalgia, and they were asked to complete Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory and “severity of restless legs syndrome inventory.”ResultsThe frequencies of depressive symptoms and fibromyalgia in the patients with migraine were higher than those of the control group. The mean age of the migraine patients with restless legs syndrome was also higher, and this group had migraine headache for a longer time. There was a statistically significant difference with regard to only generalized anxiety and traveler’s distress, which were features of the migraine, between migraine patients with and without restless legs syndrome. Restless legs syndrome was more common in migraine patients with and without aura and in those with nonspecific white matter lesions in the cranial MRI.ConclusionsIn our study, the greater frequency of restless legs syndrome, depressive symptoms, and fibromyalgia in the patients with migraine supports the role of dopamine, which is common to all three disorders. Interviews focused on these problems among migraine patients may help to decide on the best available treatment modality.

Tek Doz Olanzapin ile Gelişen Ölümcül Nöroleptik Malign Sendrom: Bir Olgu Sunumu / Single Dose Olanzapin-Induced Fatal Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Case Report

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal idiosyncratic reaction characterized by the development of altered consciousness, hyperthermia, autonomic dysfunction, and muscular rigidity on exposure to neuroleptic medications. NMS commonly develops during the initial phases of treatment, when the drug dose is being stepped up, or when a second drug is introduced. Although various risk factors have been proposed, the exact etiology is unknown. The mortality and morbidity associated with NMS can be decreased with early recognition, early discontinuation of the neuroleptics and aggressive treatment. In this case report, a schizophrenia patient who developed NMS without hyperthermia and obvious autonomic dysfunction after single use of olanzapine will be discussed. His symptoms of loss of consciousness, dystonia and urinary and fecal incontinence continued and 6 months later, he died due to cardiopulmonary arrest.