Hayati Kadir Shahar

Emotional Health and Self-esteem Among Adolescents in Malaysian Orphanages

This study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors of depression, anxiety, stress and low self-esteem among institutional Malaysian adolescents. This cross-sectional descriptive study included 287 adolescents aged 12–18 years living in six selected orphan homes. Study’s instruments included Socio-demographic questionnaire, validated Malay version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The findings revealed that 85.2, 80.1 and 84.7% of participants had depression, anxiety and stress respectively. Females were more likely to be depressed. Furthermore, anxiety was significantly associated with race and age but no significant associations between stress and the demographic factors were found. The study also showed that 70.8% of males and 69.2% of females had low self-esteem and the self-esteem was associated with depression, anxiety and stress.Therefore, mental health problems are very common among adolescents in Malaysian orphanages. Results reveal the urgency of immediate actions to reduce the mental health problems among Malaysian institutional adolescents.

The development of an intervention package to prevent children under five years old drowning in rural Bangladesh.

There are an estimated 372 000 worldwide deaths by drowning every year, and it has been described as a secret epidemic in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to develop an intervention package to prevent children under the age of five from drowning in rural Bangladesh.

Relationships among perceived quality of healthcare services, satisfaction and behavioural intentions of international students in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: a cross-sectional study

Objective The current study aimed to investigate the relationships among the perceived quality of healthcare services, satisfaction and behavioural intentions among international students in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Setting A cross-sectional study on public universities in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Participants All participants in this study were international students joining public universities in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Primary independent variable Perceived quality of healthcare services measured on a SERVQUAL scale. Primary dependent variable Participants’ satisfaction of healthcare services assessed using five items. Secondary dependent variable Behavioural intentions measured on six items. Results Of the 556 international students, 500 (90%) completed the survey. The study used structural equation modelling (SEM) through the AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structures) software to analyse the data. SEM analyses showed that the perceived quality of healthcare services significantly and directly affected satisfaction, with a value of 89% and an effect size of 0.78. It also had a significant indirect impact on the behavioural intentions (0.78) of international students. The results indicated that participants’ satisfaction had a statistically significant impact on their behavioural intentions (0.77). Conclusion Perceived quality of care is an important driver of international students’ satisfaction and their behavioural intention with healthcare services. Such relations of effects among the three investigated factors were also positive and significant.

Stress and coping mechanisms among adolescents living in orphanages: An experience from Klang Valley, Malaysia

Health issues often differ from one population to another. Assessing different aspects of the health condition is a vital step toward developing and designing appropriate prevention and treatment programs to reduce health problems in any group or population. This study aimed to assess both the prevalence of stress and the coping mechanisms as well as identify the predictors of stress levels among adolescents in Malaysian orphanages.

Impact of 'Adl Self-Management Module' on Health Related Quality of Life Among Road Traffic Accidents’ Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Research Approach

Background: Road traffic accidents represent a community and governmental concern in Saudi Arabia and worldwide. In addition, road traffic accidents injuries are among the main causes of physical impairment and functional dependency. Therefore, performance of activity of daily living of those injured patients are severely affected due to loss of independence. Subsequently, quality of life is affected as well. Objective: To develop, implement and evaluate the impact of “ADL self-management module” on health related quality of life among road traffic accidents’ patients. Methods/design: A quasi experimental study design will be conducted in Saudi Arabia in which 152 orthopedic patients with lower extremities fractures due to road traffic accidents who have difficulty in carrying out daily activity will be recruited from the study hospitals based on Barthel Index. The patients in the intervention group will provided with the ADL Self-Management Module in a form of an educational material. They will be supplemented in that module with knowledge, skills and confidence to engage in self-management of activity of daily living tasks independently, whereas the control group will receive the usual care. Descriptive analysis, chi square and Generalized Estimation Equation, Independent t test will be used to test the differences of activity of daily living and health related quality of life between and within the groups. Discussion: To our knowledge, this is the first experimental study that will conducted in Saudi Arabia on ADL self-management to improve the quality of life of Road Traffic Accident survivors who have difficulty in performing daily activities.

Influence of coping mechanisms on emotional problems among adolescents in Malaysian orphanages

Psychological problems are increasing dramatically among children and adolescents living in orphanages (Mohammadzadeh, Awang, K. S, & Ismail, 2017; Polihronakis, 2008). This study aimed to assess the influence of coping mechanisms on emotional problems in Malaysian orphanages. Using the validated Malay versions of DASS21 and Brief COPE scale, 287 adolescents (aged 13‐17) from 8 orphanages in Klang Valley, 2015, participated in this study. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the Unversiti Putra Malaysia and a written consent form was obtained from all the respondents and caregivers. The results showed that stress was significantly predicted by denial, venting, religion, humor, planning, and active coping. Only denial had a positive association with stress. Results of logistic regression showed participants using denial were 2.37 times (P = .001) more likely to be stressful. The participants using venting, humor, planning, and active coping were 0.61 (P = .01), 0.59 (P = .02), 0.56 (P = .01), and 0.39 times (P = .001) less likely to be stressful. Denial, self‐blame, planning, and humor had significant impact on depression. Participants using denial, self‐blame, and humor were, respectively, 1.70 (P = .01), 1.58 (P = .02), and 1.38 times (P = .03) more likely to be depressed. The participants using planning were 1.41 times (P = .03) less likely to be depressed. Meanwhile, substance use and self‐distraction have positive significant impact on anxiety. Participants using substance use method (P = .001) and self‐distraction (P = .04) were 1.78 and 1.31 times more likely to be anxious, respectively. As understanding the risk factors of emotional problems is a vital step to develop appropriated programs for reducing mental issues in