Haydar Hacıseferoğulları

Some physical properties of Hacıhaliloğlu apricot pit and its kernel

Abstract Physical properties of apricot pits and apricot kernels are necessary for the design of equipments for processing, transportation, sorting, breaking and separating. In this study, some physical properties of pits and kernels of Hacihaliloglu apricots were evaluated as a function of moisture content varying from 6.79% to 36.19% d.b. for apricot pits and from 6.95% to 38.76% d.b. for apricot kernels. In apricot pits, dimensional properties and weight increased; the sphericity decreased from 0.6537 to 0.6526; the 1000 grain mass increased from 1720 to 2028 g; bulk density increased form 463 to 581 kg/m 3 ; grain volume increased from 1626 to 1746 mm 3 ; volume weight increased from 1053 to 1161 kg/m 3 ; terminal velocity increased from 7.11 to 7.76 m/s; the projected area increased from 2.985 to 3.539 cm 2 ; the porosity increased from 43.96% to 50.03%; the rupture strength of apricot pits decreased from 514.03 to 315.89 N; and the coefficient of static friction of apricot pits increased as the moisture content increased. In apricot kernels, however, dimensional properties and weight increased; the sphericity increased from 0.5879 to 0.7164; the 1000 grain mass increased from 473 to 616 g; bulk density decreased from 559 to 545 kg/m 3 ; grain volume increased from 497 to 573 mm 3 ; true density increased from 1003 to 1094 kg/m 3 ; terminal velocity increased from 5.37 to 6.68 m/s; the projected area increased from 1.293 to 1.519 cm 2 ; the porosity decreased from 55.70% to 49.70%; rupture strength of apricot kernels decreased from 63.28 to 44.13 N; and the coefficient of static friction increased as the moisture content increased.

Nutritional and physical properties of hackberry (Celtis australis L.)

Abstract Nutritional and physical properties of ripe hackberry fruits (Celtis australis L.) from Kastamonu were determined. Ash, crude oil, crude energy, crude fiber, crude protein and minerals (Na, P, K, Ca, Mn, B, Ba, Se, etc.) contents of completely ripe fruits were determined. Also, physical properties such as length and diameter of fruit, unit mass, volume of fruit, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area, bulk density, fruit density, porosity, projected area, terminal velocity, 1000 fruits mass, static and dynamic coefficient of friciton were measured at three moisture content levels. The average length, diameter, unit mass, volume of fruit, the geometric mean diameter, sphericity and surface area were established as 9.34 mm, 8.07 mm, 0.233 g, 277.85 mm 3 , 8.37 mm, 0.89 and 206.4 mm 2 at 15.25%, respectively, moisture content (w.b.). Studies on rewetted fruit showed that as moisture content increased from 15.25% to 50.42% wet basis (w.b.), bulk density decreased from 595.1 to 535.9 kg / m 3 , fruit density increased from 826.1 to 1105.9 kg / m 3 . The porosity, projected area, terminal velocity, 1000 fruit mass increased from 30.97% to 53.84%, from 54.91 to 74.63 mm 2 , from 4.73 to 10.47 m/s, from 247.5 to 594 g, respectively, for the same moisture increase. The coefficient of static friction on rubber, plywood and galvanized steel increased from 0.5 to 0.55, 0.41 to 0.54 and 0.30 to 0.48, respectively, when the fruit moisture content increased from 15.25 to 50.42%. The coefficient of dynamic friction increased from 0.36 to 0.5, 0.31 to 0.43 and 0.22 to 0.35 on rubber, plywood and galvanized steel, respectively, for the same moisture range.

Assessing monthly average solar radiation models: a comparative case study in Turkey

Solar radiation data are required by solar engineers, architects, agriculturists, and hydrologists for many applications such as solar heating, cooking, drying, and interior illumination of buildings. In order to achieve this, numerous empirical models have been developed all over the world to predict solar radiation. The main objective of this study is to examine and compare 147 solar radiation models available in the literature for the prediction of monthly solar radiation at Ankara (Turkey) based on selected statistical measures such as percentage error, mean percentage error, root mean square error, mean bias error, and correlation coefficient. Our results showed that Ball et al. (Agron J 96:391–397, 2004) model and Chen et al. (Energy Convers Manag 47:2859–2866, 2006) model performed best in the estimation of solar radiation on a horizontal surface for Ankara.

Biochemical and technological properties of seeds and oils of Capparis spinosa and Capparis ovata plants growing wild in Turkey.

The physical and chemical properties of seeds of Capparis spinosa var spinosa and Capparis ovata Desf var. canescens (Heywood) were determined. Seeds were evaluated for dry matter, crude protein, crude oil, crude fibre, crude energy and ash. Contents of Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P and Zn in both the seeds were also determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES). The main fatty acids identified by gas chromatography were oleic (38.45% and 44.62%), linoleic (23.71% and 18.26%) and palmitic (10.23% and 8.41%) acids. The seeds were found to be rich in oil and minerals and fatty acids, suggesting that they may be valuable for edible oil sources and industrial by-product. The data may also be useful for the evaluation of nutritional information. Also, physical properties such as length (3.76 mm and 3.68mm), unit mass (0.012 g and 0.012 g), geometric mean diameter (2.92 mm and 2.87 mm), projected area (0.092 cm 2 and 0.095 cm 2 ) , sphericity (0.778 and 0.781) , kernel density (728.44 kg/m 3 and 794.50 kg/m 3 ), porosity (30.21 % and 37.06 %), bulk density (502.88 kg/m 3 and 488.48 kg/ m 3 ), static (0.345 - 0.665 and 0.369-0.658) and dynamic coefficient (0.297 - 0.563 and 0.314 – 0.558) of friction of C.spinosa and C.ovata species were measured at 5.18% and 4.93% moisture content levels, respectively.

Assessment of Tractor and Agricultural Machine Accidents Happened in Agricultural Enterprises of Çumra Town of Konya Province

Tractor and agricultural machinery accidents happened in the last 20 years in Cumra town of Konya province were investigated in this study. All of the producers involved in accidents constituted research population. Complete enumeration method was used and questionnaires were applied to 43 agricultural enterprises through face-to-face meetings. Survey results revealed that 95.30% of the enterprises were dealing with plant production activities and average land size was 189.7 da. Number of individuals per accident was identified as 1.74; 95.30% of the individuals involved in accidents were male; a tractor was involved in 41.90% of the accidents and 20.90% of these accidents happened with a trailer. Of the investigated accidents, 39.505 happened while working in the field; 58.105 happened afternoon; 34.90% happened as rollover. With regard to reasons of accidents, 32.60% were resulted from inattention, 20.90% resulted from pto-shaft accidents, 11.60% were resulted from overloads and surface impurities, 7.0% were resulted from lack of safety measures, 4.705 were resulted from overspeed and 2.30% were resulted from organ caught-ins to belt-pulley.