Helga Judit Feith

Female roles and conflicts in health care professions

UNLABELLED The burdens of the caring and curing professions are increased in the female workforce by childbearing and the duties of childrearing, and serving a family as well. AIM the objective of our research was to study and compare future and present family and career plans of students and active professionals (nurses and female doctors), related to their physical and mental health and conflicts. METHODS Our cross-sectional research was carried out among female nursing college students (N = 226), female medical students (N = 117), and among professional nurses and female doctors in hospitals (N = 409). RESULTS students consider parallel their future family and workplace roles. The number of children planned is the same as in the general population, but female medical students would like to have more children than nursing students. Professional nurses and female doctors hold both their family and workplace roles in high esteem. Role conflicts are interrelating with their career and life satisfaction, health condition, and the prevalence of psychosomatic symptoms. Their roles as a social model in health promotion are rather questionable, for their insufficient health and risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS we can state that there is a considerable tension and contradiction in planned and actual roles of future and present female workforce of Hungarys health care system. In many cases they are unable to fulfill requirements based on their social engagement. Relevant handicaps of nursing college students and female professional nurses are more prevalent, therefore we propose further analytic and comparative research in the future.

Tapasztalatok és motiváltság: magyar középiskolások véleménye az egészségvédő programokról

Absztrakt Bevezetes: Az egeszseggel osszefuggő attitűdok leghatekonyabban fiatal eletkorokban befolyasolhatok helyes iranyba. A fiatal generaciok interaktivabb tudasatadasi modszertant igenyelnenek az egeszsegvedelemmel foglalkozo programokban. Celkitűzes: A szerzők celkitűzese az volt, hogy megismerjek a kozepiskolas diakok egeszsegvedő temakkal, programokkal, valamint az iskolai kozossegi szolgalattal osszefuggő attitűdjeit, tapasztalatait es motivaltsagat. Modszer: Az onkitoltős kerdőives felmerest budapesti es videki kozepiskolasok koreben vegeztek (N = 898). Eredmenyek: A valaszado kozepiskolasok 44,4%-anak nem volt egeszsegvedelemmel foglalkozo iskolai tanoraja vagy tanoran kivuli programja. A fővarosi diakok pozitivabb tapasztalatokkal, a diaklanyok sokkal elfogadobb attitűdokkel rendelkeznek az egeszsegvedő programokat illetően. Kovetkeztetesek: Megallapithato, hogy az egyik legfogekonyabb eletszakaszban sok fiatal nem vagy csak a hagyomanyos oktatasi modszereken alapulo iskolai tanora keretei koz...INTRODUCTION Health-related attitudes can be encouraged most effectively at young ages. Young generations would require more interactive methods in programs engaged in health promotion. AIM The aim of the authors was to get an insight into the attitudes, experience and motivation of youngsters in connection with health promotion programs and the community service work. METHOD The questionnaires were filled in by high school students studying in Budapest and in the countryside (N = 898). RESULTS 44.4% of the students did not have lessons or extracurricular activities dealing with health promotion. Concerning health promotion programs, youngsters in Budapest had more positive experience, while female students showed a more adoptive attitude. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that in one of the most susceptible life stages, many youngsters either do not participate in programs dealing with health promotion, or participate in programs that are within the framework of school subjects or extracurricular activities building on traditional teaching methods.

A III. szintű neonatális intenzív centrumokban dolgozó orvosok szakmai és családi jellemzői, nehézségei, elégedettsége, erőforrásai. Magyarországi helyzetkép

Absztrakt: Bevezetes: Magyarorszagon 1997 ota meg nem keszult olyan felmeres, amely a neonatalis intenziv centrumokban (NIC) dolgozo orvosok helyzetet vizsgalta volna. Celkitűzes: Atfogo helyzetkep nyujtasa a NIC III. szintű intezmenyekben dolgozo orvosok szociodemografiai jellemzőiről, magan- es szakmai jellegű nehezsegeiről, csaladi es munkahelyi szerepekre, az egeszseges eletmod gyakorlasara vonatkozo elegedettsegeről, erőforrasairol. Modszer: Felmerest vegeztunk 2015. aprilis es 2016. januar kozott a magyarorszagi NIC-ekben onkitoltős, anonim kerdőives modszerrel. Eredmenyek: Az orvosok (n = 111) jellemzően a kozepkorosztalyt kepviselik, magasan kvalifikaltak, beosztottkent dolgoznak, tobbseguknek van masodallasa. A ferfiakra jellemző a vezetői es vezetőhelyettesi pozicio. A csaladi allapot tekinteteben jellemzően parkapcsolatban elnek. Szamukra nem a csaladi-maganeleti, hanem a szakmai elet es az anyagi kihivasok okoznak nehezseget. A parvalasztas es gyermekvallalas, valamint a munkahelyi nehezsegek ...

Kortárs egészségfejlesztési programok közvetlen hatása alsó tagozatos gyermekek kézhigiénés tudására és megfelelő kézmosási technikájára

Absztrakt: Bevezetes es celkitűzes: Budapesti also tagozatos gyermekek (n = 165) kezhigienere vonatkozo ismereteit vizsgaltuk. A kutatas celja: kisiskolasok koreben uj pedagogiai eljaras, a kortarsoktatas alkalmazasa es optimalizalasa a megfelelő kezhigienia kialakitasaban. Modszer: A gyermekek szocialis helyzetet es előzetes tudasat bemeneti kerdőivek kitoltesevel egyetemistak mertek fel. A tudasra vonatkozo felmerest negy- (n = 85) es nyolcoras (n = 36) oktatas utan is elvegeztuk. Emellett a kezmosas helyes gyakorlatanak hatekonysagat Semmelweis Scanner segitsegevel teszteltuk kozvetlenul a kez fluoreszkalo kremmel valo bedorzsolese utan, a negy- es nyolcoras oktatas előtt (n = 166) es utan (n = 74; n = 35) is. Eredmenyek: A kezhigienere vonatkozo tudas a bemeneti felmereshez kepest szignifikansan nőtt a kortarsoktatasi program utan, a negy- es a nyolcoras kepzest kovetően. A kisebb gyermekeknel a nyolcoras kepzes hatasa kifejezettebb volt. Hasonlo eredmenyeket kaptunk a kez felszinenek bedorzsolese uta...

Betegjogok etnikai metszetben

Absztrakt Bevezetes: Egeszseg- es betegsegtudatunk kulturalisan meghatarozott, etnikai es vallasi szocializacionk az egeszseguggyel kapcsolatos attitűdjeinket is alakitja. A tobbsegi tarsadalom normain alapulo betegjogok es betegkotelezettsegek a mindennapi gyakorlat soran tobbszor szembekerulnek a roma nepesseg kisebbsegi normaival. Celkitűzes: A szerzők celja annak feltarasa, hogy a roma nepesseg egeszsegugyi ellatasa soran milyen utkozesi pontok merulnek fel a betegjogokkal, valamint a betegkotelezettsegekkel kapcsolatban. Modszer: A tanulmanyban reszben orvosantropologiai es szociologiai tanulmanyok eredmenyeit, reszben tobb mint 40, egeszsegugyi dolgozok szamara tartott betegjogi kurzus tapasztalatait hasznaltak fel. Eredmenyek: A kulturalis meghatarozottsagbol, az alacsony tarsadalmi statuszbol fakado tenyezők, valamint a kisebbsegi letből eredő szocialpszichologiai mechanizmusok egyarant alakitjak az egeszsegugyi ellatas szituacioit, valamint a betegjogok es kotelezettsegek ervenyesuleset. Kovetkez...

Laikusok onkológiai ellátáshoz kapcsolódó ismeretei, tapasztalatai és attitűdjei

Absztrakt Bevezetes: A kutatasokban joval kisebb hangsulyt kap a betegek es hozzatartozok betegjogi es ellatasszervezesi ismereteinek es egyuttműkodesukkel kapcsolatos attitűdjeinek a felmerese. Celkitűzes: Hianypotlo kutatasukban a szerzők legfontosabb celkitűzese az volt, hogy felmerjek az onkologiai ellatasban megjelenő laikusok ellatasszervezesi ismereteit, valamint attitűdjeit. Modszer: Az adatok felvetelet ket nagy betegforgalmu helyszinen vegeztek, szobeli interju formajaban (n = 271). Eredmenyek: A valaszadok 26,1%-a egyaltalan nem szerez be tovabbi informaciot feltetelezett/bizonyitott betegsegeről. 69,0% velte ugy, hogy a patologus kizarolag halottakkal foglalkozik vagy pedig egyaltalan nem tudta, mi a feladata. Mindossze a valaszadok 39,7%-a jelezte, hogy a daganatos betegseg tipusanak meghatarozasaban a patologus szerepet jatszik. Ez utobbi ket eredmenyt nem befolyasolta a valaszadok iskolai vegzettsege. Kovetkeztetesek: Bizonyithato, hogy sokan nem ismerik, s bar iskolai vegzettseg fuggvenyeb...

onColoGiCAl pAtients’ KnoWledGe oF pAtients’ riGhts And onColoGiCAl heAlth CAre orGAniZAtion

Introduction. neoplastic diseases are the leading cause of death in hungary nowadays. the number of oncological patients have been increasing for the last decades. in spite of that, the organization of oncological care is still a difficult subject. Aim. the primary aim of our innovative study was to explore the scope of knowledge of oncological patients and their families about patients’ rights and health care organization. additionally, our goal was to assess patient’s behaviors and attitudes towards the studied subjects. Material and methods. 271 patients and family members from two big, outpatient oncology departments (one in Budapest, and another one in the town in the countryside) were enrolled in our study. the participants took part in verbal interview that was based on a pre-set questionnaire. the statistical analysis was conducted with spss statistica 23 software. Results. patients with higher level of education tended to know more details concerning their disease and treatment, as well as their rights as patients. in general, the knowledge of health care organization of the participants was poor. Only 39.7% of the respondents indicated that pathologist played an important role in the diagnosis of type of cancer, whereas the same answer was chosen in 89.3% of cases in question inquiring about the role of the oncologist. these results were not influenced by the level of education of the participants. 44.2% of the participants thought that pathologists perform exclusively the postmortem examinations, while 16.8% of the participants could not indicate at all what role pathologists had in diagnosing a neoplasm. Conclusions. although all our respondents had active neoplastic disease or their family member was diagnosed with cancer, it has been revealed that: (1) a high percentage of them are not aware of patients’ rights, (2) they are not familiar with the oncological health care organization, which is independent of their level of education. depending on the level of education, there is a group that does not want to learn patients’ rights at all. in our opinion, better education of patients in these fields would contribute to higher quality of oncological care, and consequently, to better quality of life and health status of oncological patients.

Patients’ legal status in the 18-19th centuries as regulated in the health care providers’ legislations

Background: There was the Generale Normativum in Re Sanitatis (GNRS) the first state health agency regulation of the Hungarian Kingdom issued in the 18th century. Among others, it mandated also the paramedical workers’ legal obligations. In the following century the first Hungarian Act on Public Health (Act XIV 1876) was Europe’s second legal norm passed by the Parliament that incorporated all the latest developments of medical sciences. Aims: Analysing the legal norms mentioned above related to the trainings and services provided in the midwifery and nursing, and comparing these with the actual patients’ rights situation in Hungary (Act CLIV of 1997 on Health). Method: Critical legal analysis of historical health care documents. Results: In the 18-19th centuries the patients’ right were set up by the health providers’ unilateral obligations such as mandatory services or absolute prohibition of artificial abortion. Midwifes were obliged to serve people to be delivered around the clock, had legally set fees and professional competencies. Unfortunately, Hungary was concerned through the whole 19 century about the geographical inequalities of midwives’ distribution. Conclusions: Patients’ rights of the Hungarian Health Act in force were directly and substantially anticipated in the 18th century legislation of this country.