Hemerson Luiz Pase

O conflito social e político nas hidrelétricas da bacia do Uruguai

In Brazil, power generation is mainly provided by hydroelectric sources, requiring the construction of infrastructure works that propel a contradictory social process. In this process, one observes the conflict between the Specific Purpose Entities (SPEs), the proponents of hydroelectric power plants, and the Movement of People Affected by Dams (MAB), which represents the local populations compulsorily dislocated. Focusing the basin of the Uruguay River, in southern Brazil, this article discusses such conflict through a frame of analysis involving the hydroelectric plants and the resettlements. In so doing, it seeks to understand the frequency and the motivations of the affected populations, after their relocation, to participate politically in mobilizations against hydroelectric power plants. The analysis uses use a methodology that articulates qualitative and quantitative instruments based on empirical research.Au Bresil, la production d’electricite provient essentiellement de sources hydroelectriques. Cela exige la construction d’infrastructures qui stimulent un processus social contradictoire. Dans ce processus, nous entrevoyons le conflit entre les Societe a Finalite Specifique (SPEs), les promoteurs des hydroelectriques, et le Mouvement des Affectees par les Barrages (MAB), qui represente les populations locales deplacees de facon obligatoire. Ayant pour exemple le bassin du fleuve Uruguay, dans le Sud du Bresil, cet article aborde ce conflit dans un cadre d’usines hydroelectriques et de reinstallation de populations. Nous tentons ainsi de comprendre la frequence et les motivations de la communaute affectee de participer politiquement a des manifestations contre les usines hydroelectriques posterieurement a leur deplacement et reinstallation. Nous utilisons, pour cela, une methode qui articule des instruments qualitatifs et quantitatifs fondes sur la recherche empirique.

POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE TRANSFERÊNCIA DE RENDA NA AMÉRICA LATINA

This article aims to analyze those public policies that address the social problems of poverty in six Latin American countries: Mexico, Brazil, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and Argentina. The research question posed here is: what motivated these countries to implement policies aimed at transferring income? In theory, we consider that such public policies are the result of a re-democratization process, and the rise to power of a reformist political elite and of political parties or political coalitions bent on the idea of implementing a Welfare State. To check this theory, we have adopted the compared policy methodology and the neo-institutionalism approach, as well as the “synthetic theories” and the “argumentative turn”, all of which value ideas, knowledge and discourse.