Henrique Formigoni

Conservadorismo contábil nas companhias abertas e fechadas brasileiras

The objective of this paper is to identify the existence of significant differences between Brazilian publicly-quoted and private companiesas far as concerns the conservative nature of their financial statements. The exploratory and descriptive research was based on a sample of 1,384 company years, with 770 observations relating to private companies and 614 to publicly-quoted companies, for the period 2000 to 2004. The Ball and Shivakumar (2005) model was used, which allows conservatism to be analyzed by means of the reversion of accounting results. The results obtained are evidence that in private companies there is less likelihood of recognizing losses opportunely and because of this their financial statements are less conservative than those of publicly-quoted companies.

Corporate social responsibility practices at brazilian firms

Corporate Social Responsibility practices have been on the rise in recent years in firms all over the world. Brazil, as one of the most important countries emerging on the international scene, is no exception to this, with more and more firms taking up these practices. The present study focuses on analyzing the corporate social responsibility practices that Brazilian companies engage into. The sample used is comprised of 500 firms grouped by geographical area; the theoretical framework is based on stakeholder and institutional theories; and the technique used for the analysis is the biplot, more specifically the HJ Biplot and cluster analysis. From the results obtained it is possible to infer that the CSR variables corresponding to environmental practices are more closely linked to companies located in the northern areas of Brazil. Social and community practices are related to companies primarily in the southern and northeastern regions of the country.Corporate Social Responsibility practices have been on the rise in recent years in firms all over the world. Brazil, as one of the most important countries emerging on the international scene, is no exception to this, with more and more firms taking up these practices. The present study focuses on analyzing the corporate social responsibility practices that Brazilian companies engage into. The sample used is comprised of 500 firms grouped by geographical area; the theoretical framework is based on stakeholder and institutional theories; and the technique used for the analysis is the biplot, more specifically the HJ Biplot and cluster analysis. From the results obtained it is possible to infer that the CSR variables corresponding to environmental practices are more closely linked to companies located in the northern areas of Brazil. Social and community practices are related to companies primarily in the southern and northeastern regions of the country.

An analysis of profit and loss in Brazil before and after the full adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards

This study aims to determine whether the main items of the profit and loss (P%L) accounts of listed Brazilian companies have been modified, according to sector, after Brazils adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The sample is composed of 118 companies classified by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Brazil (SECB) as corporate governance for the year before (2007) and the year after (2010) the implementation of IFRS. The analysis is based on the interpretation of biplots developed by Gower and Hand. The study concludes that a change did occur in the P%L accounts in the periods studied, which is substantiated by an analysis of the evolution of the national added value and explained by the application of new IFRS. This suggests that, unless there has been a significant alteration of performance in all sectors of the economy, the confrontation between P%L in Brazil has undergone significant changes in the different sectors of the economy after the full adoption of IFRS.

Blue Accounting: Looking for a New Standard

This research explores the framework of the marine knowledge, in general, and the blue accounting, in particular. On the one hand, the seabed, the ocean floor, and the subsoil allow to promote several activities to explore these resources. On the other hand, the pollution and degradation of the marine environment due to human intervention which damage and harm the marine life and produces strong risks and threats to this environment. In this context, marine resources are a public good which is available to everybody, at all time, but without payment or compensations to this collective pressure of human activity. In order to reinforce the marine knowledge, the blue accounting will provide to the citizen, to the organization and to the society valuable information based on accounting standards that identify, measure, value, and report this blue growth that is the ocean strategy with new opportunities for marine and maritime sustainability. The fast evolution of the marine knowledge demands profound accounting researches that will study the increasing impact on the use, the management, the associated costs, and the new report opportunities of these resources and its value. This research will reduce the negative effect of politics and Governments that forget the blue accounting as essential to support the blue economy and ocean strategy, because sciences are interdependent and scarcity of marine resources demands knowledge to emerge these first insights and then mitigate uncertainties and risks.

Accounting for Sustainability: The Case Study of Petrobras

The quality of information reported by the public companies has been highly discussed along the last decade. The center of this discussion is the implementation of International Financial Report Standards (IFRS) in many countries around the world, searching for reports that could be read for the investors and bring enough information to decide rationally the resource allocation inside the financial system.

Corporate Governance in Brazilian Companies: The Influence of the Founder in the Financial Decisions

All over the world, corporate governance is adopting a new process of leadership and simultaneously propagating responsible governance for the welfare of stakeholders. This research has allowed us to identify new directions for future research. It examines the influence of several contextual factors in the framework of the financial decisions, where company has the right to have a transparent accountability, based on the influence of the founder, dispersion and type of ownership, size, economic sector and environment.

Disclosure of tax incentives and the corporate liabilities in Brazilian public companies: a quantitative study

This article aims to evaluate the effect of tax incentives on the liability level of firms listed in Brazilian Stock Exchange. Obtaining the tax incentives require many investments from the company. This paper contributes with the literature to identify if the companies that disclosed their fiscal incentives have any changes in their debt, because of these investments. The final sample was 382 firms, for the years 2010-2013, and with a total of 1,528 observations. We used a regression model for the panel data in order to estimate the relation between liabilities and the fiscal incentives. The results show that encouraged firms have higher long-term debt and total debt than those who are not encouraged. In addition, the authors found a positive relationship between the assets of these companies and the tax incentive.

Ethics and fraud in E-banking services

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of ethics applied to everyday moral problems arising from the use of e-banking services. These services have advantages in financial transactions, but security threats and vulnerabilities must be constantly reduced. In this framework raises the “good citizen” that desires to do well and needs to avoid harmful behavior [1]. While the “bad citizen” promotes the lack of transparency, wrong attitudes and “hidden” awareness of the nature, level and scope of the financial impact which claims to reduce the social responsibility [2] and produces high level of degree of materialistic values were less likely to acquire moral [3]. Indeed, the integration of fraud on all aspects of the e-banking services requires the profound revision of the traditional commercial paradigms that have been prevailed for last years. Thus, on the one hand, the theoretical framework of this paper is based on literature about ethics and fraud, in general, and information and communication technology of the e-banking services, in particular. On the other hand, the empirical framework reflects the practices in this field of research used by banks with public data available on the Portuguese Banking Association. The results of the paper show several threats, vulnerabilities, incidents, impacts and response that face e-banking services. To mitigate these risks, the main challenge is the public discussion that will promote prevention and disclosure evidence-based incidents, not only to endorse an adequate behavior but, also, to develop guidance on practical evidence on ethics and reduce fraud.

PROMOVER A CIDADANIA FISCAL ATRAVS DA E-TAXATION

This research focuses on a tool, referred as e- Taxation, to promote taxation citizenship through Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) applied to the accounting and taxation area. In the current economic and financial situation in Portugal, it is essential that citizens and organizations develop a responsibility strategy for the fulfillment of obligations to the Autoridade Tributaria e Aduaneira (AT). Therefore, this strategy ensures greater fairness, equal opportunities and cohesion. Also, it implies a permanent interaction between the citizen, the organization and the AT, reducing the compliance costs (time, monetary and psychological), circumscribing the complexity of the tax system and projecting greater transparency and disclosure. Full Paper PDF: http://www.contecsi.fea.usp.br/envio/11contecsi-files/papers/735/submission/director/735-2456-1-DR.pdf

Práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa em empresas brasileiras

Corporate Social Responsibility practices have been on the rise in recent years in firms all over the world. Brazil, as one of the most important countries emerging on the international scene, is no exception to this, with more and more firms taking up these practices. The present study focuses on analyzing the corporate social responsibility practices that Brazilian companies engage into. The sample used is comprised of 500 firms grouped by geographical area; the theoretical framework is based on stakeholder and institutional theories; and the technique used for the analysis is the biplot, more specifically the HJ Biplot and cluster analysis. From the results obtained it is possible to infer that the CSR variables corresponding to environmental practices are more closely linked to companies located in the northern areas of Brazil. Social and community practices are related to companies primarily in the southern and northeastern regions of the country.Corporate Social Responsibility practices have been on the rise in recent years in firms all over the world. Brazil, as one of the most important countries emerging on the international scene, is no exception to this, with more and more firms taking up these practices. The present study focuses on analyzing the corporate social responsibility practices that Brazilian companies engage into. The sample used is comprised of 500 firms grouped by geographical area; the theoretical framework is based on stakeholder and institutional theories; and the technique used for the analysis is the biplot, more specifically the HJ Biplot and cluster analysis. From the results obtained it is possible to infer that the CSR variables corresponding to environmental practices are more closely linked to companies located in the northern areas of Brazil. Social and community practices are related to companies primarily in the southern and northeastern regions of the country.