Henry J. Cadbury

Early Quakerism and Uncanonical Lore

THE attitude of the Society of Friends to the Bible is a chapter of Quaker history that has yet to be written. Among biographical features it would include the names of several Quaker scholars including Robert Barclay (1648-i690), the apologist, Anthony Purver (1702-1777), who singlehanded made a complete translation of the Bible, S. P. Tregelles (i813-1875), the textual critic, though he joined later other denominations, Thomas Chase (1827-1892), President of Haverford College and a member of the American Bible Revision Committee, and, not the least, the versatile and venerable Rendel Harris (1852-194i). The present essay is animated by no ambition to fill the lacuna mentioned above. Its more modest intention is to call attention

Erastus of Corinth

LAST year at the meeting of the Society of Biblical Literature I called attention to a recently discovered inscription which contained a rare New Testament word.1 The object of this note is to bring to the notice of Biblical scholars an inscription which may refer to a New Testament character. Though the inscription was found on Aprill5, 1929, and has been noticed in some archaeologi~ cal reviews, it has not so far I believe been presented to the theological reading public. 2 The inscription was found by members of the American School expedition at Corinth near the recently uncovered theatre where a street to the northeast enters a square. A long paving block of limestone was cut for letters presumably of bronze. In some cases the lead intended to hold the letters in place can still be seen. The stone is nearly 71/ 2 feet long, originally perhaps a little longer, but

An Obscure Chapter of Quaker History

A CERTAIN amount of obscurity usually surrounds the beginnings of social movements, religious movements no less than others. This is partly because persons contemporary with their initial stages do not always recognize promptly their future significance or start at once preserving their records. It is also due to the gradual character of any such birth and to its close relation to its antecedents. There is

Between Jesus And The Gospels

A new and not unfruitful stage in the literary criticism of the gospels seems to be marked by the recent publication in Germany of three important books. For nearly a century the Synoptic problem has absorbed the attention of scholars. The fascinating riddle of likeness and difference in our first three gospels challenged them to find a solution. It became clear that this was a question of written sources, and for many minds the “two-document hypothesis,” that Mark and some other common written Greek material (Q) are embodied independently in Matthew and in Luke, has come to provide a working basis of investigation, although the categorical denial of this view by the Papal Biblical Commission makes it impossible for Roman Catholic scholars to accept it in its current form. There remain, however, the question of other Greek sources, as, for example, the sources for Marks and for Lukes special material, and the question of the possibility of Semitic originals, on which no conclusion has been attained and on which perhaps more light may soon be expected from further studies.

The Relative Pronouns in Acts and Elsewhere

NOTES ON THE GOSPEL OF MARK • . . . • • • B. W. BACON 137 THE RELATIVE PRONOUNS IN ACTS AND ELSEWHERE . . . . • . . • . . • • . . . . • W. J. CADBURY 150 THE NOMADIC IDEA AND IDEAL IN THE OLD TESTAMENT . . . . . . . . • . • . . . JOHN W. FLIGHT 158 PRIESTS AND LEVITES • • • • . . . . . . . G. R. BERRY 227 BIBLICAL MANUSCRIPTS IN AMERICA . . H. P. SMITH 239 BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS Note on Matthew 13 20 and Matt. 6 so = Luke 12 2s • • • • • • • R. WICKES 251 PROCEEDINGS, DECEMBER 1922 . . . . . . . i LIST OF MEMBERS . . • . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . vii LIST OF SUBSCRIBING LIBRARIES AND EXCHANGES ..... xvii CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS . . . . . . . • . • • . . . • . . . • xxi

Intimations of Immortality in the Thought of Jesus: The Ingersoll Lecture for 1959

The historic Ingersoll lectureship on the Immortality of Man requires of the lecturer both some legitimate extension of its terms and some necessary limitation of his field. One is justified in supposing that the pious layman who planned the foundation was not thinking in highly technical terms, but like laymen of our day was thinking of a widely shared belief in the post mortem survival or revival of those who die. If he had wished to specify the indiscriminate persistence of the individual as a philosophical tenet of the nature of man, he could well have used the more familiar term — the immortality of the soul. On the other hand, if he had wished to be faithful to the wording of much of the Bible and to the Churchs creeds, he would have spoken of the Resurrection of the Dead.

A Qumran Parallel to Paul

One of the most debated points in Pauls labored effort to explain why women should not pray or prophesy with their heads unveiled (1 Cor. 11:2–16) is the reason given in the phrase of verse 10 διὰ τοὺς ἀγγέλους. It is therefore obvious that attention ought to be called to a similar passage in the two column fragment from Cave 1 at Qumran. Whether 1 QS A is or is not part of the Manual of Discipline (1 QS) it is also a fragment of rules for the Community. It was published in Qumran Cave I. Discoveries in the Judaean Desert, I, edited by Barthelemy (Oxford, 1955). I give below the relevant passage Col. 2 lines 3–9 from the translation by H. Neil Richardson.

A Criticism of Aramaic Originals

the public for a long enough time now to demonstrate their merit and permanent value. It is a very great convenience to have the two volumes bound as one, and it is a great advantage to be able to purchase the volume for

A Commentary on Luke

3.50. This will appeal to students. One feature which adds enormously to the readable qualities of the Old Testament is to be found in the page-captions and subheads. The ordinary reader thumbing over the pages will gain some idea of what the Bible is all about; and the student will have a convenient guide to its contents. These captions are very well selected and well phrased. There is only one complaint to make about the new volume, and that is the quality of the paper used, which is not opaque enough.

Egyptian Influence in the Book of Proverbs

diate source. In so far as Professor Bacon set this as his task, he has accomplished it. But when the reviewer reads this volume with recent varied conjectures on non-Markan synoptic origins in mind, even with such brilliant work as that of Mr. Bacon and Mr. Streeter before him, he cannot escape the question as to the positive advantages of wandering in a synoptic labyrinth with little more than hypotheses that are so largely subjective to guide us. For, to change the figure, if Mr. Bacon helps us to escape the Scylla of Q, for some of us a gratifying escape, he throws us on the Charybdis of S, a hypothetical something whose father and mother we do not know and whose features are largely if not entirely hid from us. If Q was hypothetical and vague, is S less so? But the reviewer is appreciative of the vast amount of earnest work that has been done on these studies. If he feels a bit skeptical about recovery or identification of definite non-Markan sources in synoptic study, he nevertheless is grateful to be compelled to face the matter again. Perhaps a comparative study of various source hypotheses will one day bring us to a more desired haven of the understanding of the sources of our knowledge of the career and thought of Jesus, but that day is not yet. There are rich and rewarding sections in this volume, and its readers will