Herbert L. Ley

Preliminary Report on the Beneficial Effect of Chloromycetin in the Treatment of Typhoid Fever.

Excerpt A new antibiotic Chloromycetin has been clinically tested in the treatment of typhoid fever and has been found to exhibit significant chemotherapeutic effects. A description of the results ...

TREATMENT OF TYPHOID FEVER. I. COMBINED THERAPY WITH CORTISONE AND CHLORAMPHENICOL

Excerpt Chloramphenicol now has an established place in the treatment of typhoid fever.1, 2, 3, 4, 5However, it has been our observation, as well as that of others, that little if any clinical impr...

Administration of Chloromycetin to Normal Human Subjects

Conclusion These limited trials indicate that Chloromycetin can be given orally to normal adult males in single doses of 2.0 g, or in daily doses of 1.0 g for 10 days without untoward reactions. The presence of appreciable amounts of drug in the blood and urine of volunteers 30 minutes after oral administration of Chloromycetin indicates that the antibiotic is absorbed rapidly from the gastrointestinal tract of man. Excretion or inactivation of the drug occurs rather rapidly, hence, in order to maintain appreciable levels of the antibiotic in the blood, frequent administration of the drug is indicated.

Chloromycetin in the Treatment of Patients with Typhus Fever

Conclusion On the basis of these limited observations, it may be concluded that the administration of Chloromycetin to patients with typhus fever is a relatively safe procedure. Furthermore, the chemotherapeutic effect obtained in the few patients treated was sufficiently encouraging to warrant further tests with the drug. It is suggested that Chloromycetin be employed in oral treatment of the next group of patients to be studied according to the following schedule; an initial dose of 40 mg per kilo body weight followed by a total daily dose of 35 mg per kilo body weight, given in divided amounts at 2-hour intervals, until obvious improvement in the patients condition is noted; subsequently maintenance dose of 20 mg per kilo body weight per day given in divided amounts at 4-hour intervals, until the 13 th or 14th day after onset.

Comparison of Synthetic and Fermentation Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin) in Rickettsial and Viral Infections

Conclusion Chloromycetin prepared by chemical synthesis appears to possess the same rickettsiostatic and virustatic properties in experimental infections and the same usefulness in treating patients with scrub typhus that have been demonstrated for chloromycetin produced by Streptomyces venezuelae, N. Sp.

Excerpts from: Preliminary Report on the Beneficial Effect of Chloromycetin in the Treatment of Typhoid Fever

Chloromycetin is a crystalline substance obtained through processes of concentration and purification of culture in liquid media of a Streptomyces sp. originally isolated by Burkholder,† and shown by him to possess anti-bacterial activity. Erlich and associates1 in the Research Laboratories of Parke, Davis and Company carried out studies of the antibiotic activity of this Streptomyces which led to preparation of the crystalline antibiotic compound to which Erlich gave the name Chloromycetin. Chloromycetin is a neutral compound containing both nitrogen and nonionic chlorine. In distilled water it withstands boiling for five hours, and in aqueous solutions over the pH range 2 to 9 is unaffected by standing at room temperature for more than 24 hours. Its solubility in water at 25 C. is about 2.5 mg./ml. and it is reported as very soluble in propylene glycol, methanol, ethanol, butanol and acetone. It is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Serum levels of the drug after oral administration have been found to be comparable to those obtained by parenteral injection. Present evidence indicates that the antibiotic is fairly rapidly excreted or inactivated. Reported toxicity experiments on animals2 indicate that when