Hideaki Imaizumi

FMEHR: an alternative approach to multi-path forwarding on packet switched networks

This paper proposes a novel technique enabling flow-level multi-path forwarding on a hop-by-hop packet switched network such as IP networks. Generally on such networks, any packet from a node toward a destination is forwarded along the same path, even if some of the packets belong to a different flow with different characteristics. Depending on the packet characteristics, to fulfil demands such as traffic engineering and QoS routing, flow-level multi-path forwarding allows explicit selection of the paths on which to send packets. Multi protocol label switching (MPLS) technology has been used to perform this function so far. However, to apply MPLS on an existing IP network, all non-MPLS-enabled routers in the network must be replaced with MPLS-enabled routers. Therefore, the migration cost is generally expensive. This paper proposes a novel technique, called flow-mapping explicit host routing (FMEHR), that performs the function without MPLS, using unused address spaces such as IP private addresses. In a FMEHR network, an unused address is assigned to a particular flow, the destination addresses of all packets belonging to the flow are swapped with the address at an ingress FMEHR router and these packets are forwarded along the host route path to the address. This paper discusses the FMEHR concept, its realization on an IP network and its characteristics.

Power Saving Mechanism Based on Simple Moving Average for 802.3ad Link Aggregation

In this paper, we propose a power saving mechanism based on a simple moving average of the traffic rate in 802.3ad link aggregation. Two key components comprise the proposed mechanism: (1) a negotiation protocol for both nodes connected to an 802.3ad aggregated link and (2) an algorithm to estimate an appropriate number of active links to comprise the aggregated link in accordance with the current rate of traffic outbound on the link. We present an evaluation of the characteristics of the algorithm and its performance through simulation with real traffic trace data. Our simulations demonstrate that under certain conditions the proposed algorithm is capable of reducing the average number of active links by as much as 25.4% (6.7 W out of 26.4 W).

A Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient Schemes for Green Office Networks

Power consumption in office networks has become a major issue due to its running cost. In order to reduce the power consumption, several approaches have been proposed such as Energy Efficient Ethernet (EEE) and Energy Efficient Wireless aggregation (EEW). In this research, we develop an analytical model and apply the model to evaluate and compare performance of the existing technologies. The parameters of interest include the number and the average throughput of clients. Our analysis results show that EEW is more efficient than EEE with a small number of clients or low average throughput. Motivated by this result, we examine the possibility of conserving more power by introducing a combination of EEE and EEW, called EEEW. EEEW can take advantage of both EEE as well as EEW and should be very strong against the varying conditions of the network. We found that when the average throughput of clients is less than 0.5Mbps, the combination can save more than 66% of the power consumed by EEE. We also describe EEEWS, a combination of EEEW and link-sleep techniques which presents a further power saving potential.

320Gb/s Multi-wavelength Optical Packet Switching with Contention Resolution Mechanism using PLZT Switches

In this paper, we demonstrate 320 Gb/s Multi-wavelength Optical Packet Switching with contention resolution mechanism based on feed-forward input buffers. The feasibility has been confirmed by monitoring the waveforms and the eye-diagrams of output signals.

Power saving technique based on simple moving average for multi-channel Ethernet

In this paper, we propose power saving technique based on simple moving average method for multi-channel Ethernet and evaluate its performance through simulation with real traffic data.

80Gb/s multi-wavelength optical packet switching using PLZT switch

This paper proposes 80Gb/s multi-wavelength optical packet switching(OPS) using a PLZT switch. The Multi-wavelength OPS Network can achieve low implementation costs compared to existing OPS networks in which the number of wavelengths is large. In this network, the header is processed separately from the payload. The payload is divided into multiple segments. Each segment is then encoded into different wavelengths. After assignment of wavelength to each payload segment, payload segments are multiplexed into an optical signal which is then transmitted through an optical fiber. Therefore, the number of components required for intermediate node functionality stays the same for the number of wavelengths used for payload transmission. This paper shows a fundamental experiment of the Multi-wavelength OPS network using a PLZT switch. PLZT switch provide a fast optical switching with low noise, independent polarization, and low drive voltage. In this paper, we describe the detail of the experiments and results.

Preliminary demonstration of hybrid optical switching node with dynamic wavelength resource allocation using SOA switch

In this paper, we preliminary demonstrate a hybrid optical switching node combining MW-OPS and OCS with dynamic resource allocation using SOA and MEMS switches. The primary feasibility has been confirmed in the waveform results.

Performance evaluation of packet multiplexing with flow aggregation in multi-wavelength optical packet networks

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of packet multiplexing with three flow aggregation strategies in multiwavelength optical packet networks. The results showed flow aggregation based on destination AS can increase bandwidth utilization most efficiently.

Experimental study on dynamic range of SOA switch for Multi-Wavelength Optical Packet Switching

In this paper, we study on the input power dynamic range of SOA switches for MW-OPS. Power penalty are presented with approximately 15dB dynamic range for 16 wavelengths at an optical gain of 5dB.

HOTARU: A novel concept of hybrid optical network architecture combining multi-wavelength packet and circuit switching

This paper presents a novel Hybrid Optical neTwork ARchitecUre concept named HOTARU which combines multi-wavelength optical packet switching (MW-OPS) and optical circuit switching (OCS) in WDM networks; herein, we also experimentally demonstrate its feasibility in a 400 Gbps network testbed.