Hideki Onodera

Ethical Study on Failure of Kamaishi National Ironmill( History of Mechanical Technology, History of Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Heritage)

In Japan, western technology was rapidly introduced from the last stage of the Edo era. However, a lot of examples of technology transfer failure were included in the process. This paper deals with the cause of failure of the Kamaishi national iron mill. Lack of the domestic pig iron demand and insufficient marketing research, the Kamaishi iron mill generated large amount of deficit and was the greatest failure at that period. Analyzing several remained documents, it was under-stood that Japanese engineers throw large raw ore into the furnace under operation, to make it blockade. It was the simplest way to avoid further financial loss, and to conceal serious carelessness of preliminary survey. Blockage of the furnace was not the main factor of the iron mill business discontinuance, however, it had significant meaning. It was useful to minimize the initial risk of the following private enterprise, which succeeded the iron mill management. And it had big influence in iron manufacture which had grown up to the Japanese key industry in modern ages.

High School/University Joint Project on Breguet Type Telegraph Restoration : For Understanding Technology and Engineering Philosophy( History of Mechanical Technology, History of Engineering and Mechanical Engineering Heritage)

A trial joint project of high school and university are proposed and executed with restoration of the old telegraph used in the end of Edo era. Normally, technical high school pupils are considered to excel the college student in the field of work technology and zeal. Through this project, an attempt had done about understanding and enlightenment about the technical power which our country had the last stage of Edo era, had serving as the foundation of todays modernization, in advance of the technical import from west.

Effect of Spark Ignition Timing on the Characteristics of Small Two-Stroke-Cycle Engines Fueled by Methanol Containing Water.

A study was made on a two-stroke-cycle spark ignition engine which was fueled with methanol containing water with a mixture ratio of 0, 10 and 20% by volume. Experiments were carried out at various ignition timings and excess air ratio under a constant delivery ratio and a constant speed. Ignition timing of MBT with neat methanol is about 30 degrees BTDC. With increasing water content ratio, the ignition duration which is a period from igniton point to specific burning weight ratio of 10% is increased. Consequently, the MBT is shifted to advanced timing. Even with 20% water content, the engine can run with about the same power level and efficiency at each MBT.

Tribology for Small 2 Stroke Cycle Spark Ignition Engine Fueled by Methanol.

This study is on tribology for smal two stroke cycle spark ignition engines fueled by M85(gasoline 15% + methanol 85%) and M0 (gasoline 100%). Separation occurs when lubrication oil is added to the gasoline-methanol blended fuel. Therefore, lubrication oil is supplied to the intake manifold separately from the fuels, and the oil-to-fuel ratio is about 1 : 30 for M0 and 1 : 60 for M85. Wear data for M85 under constant speed and WOT (wide-open throttle), is compared with data of a M0 counterpart. The sludge formed during engine operation was found to affect the cylinder wear performance.

Influcnce of a probe inserted in quasi-two-dimensional flame

Thermocouple is usefull tool in order to measure the flame temperature. However, the errors by heat convection and radiation cant be avoided and must be climinated by one of the correction method. These method only concern with heat loss to thermocouple. In this report, the infuence of inserted probe for quasi-two-dimensional flame arc visualized by means of infrared radiation thermometer. As the result, existence of higher temperature region at upstream and both sides of the inserted probe are found. In this area the temperature increases 100°C at maximum from normal value. This means that a probe in a flame must be influenced not only heat convection itself but also radiation from the high temperature region.

Development of high-speed drum camera and its application for shock wave research.

To explore the most suitable method for measuring shock wave phenomena, we have designed and constructed a high-speed drum camera combined with a pulsed argon-ion laser as a light source. This paper presents the performance of the drum camera and its application to the observation of microexplosion-driven shock waves. A commercial air turbine drives an octagonal mirror continuously up to 220, 000rpm. by changing the supply pressure to the turbine. The pulse interval of the laser is variable from 250 nsec to 2.5 msec with the fixed pulse duration of 15 nsec. In selecting the appropriate laser pulse interval and the mirror rotating speed, a framing speed of 4x106 fps and 40 numbers of flames can be obtained. Then the spatial resolution is 25 lines/mm at 4x106 fps. The present spatial resolution is excellent if compared with that of the image converter camera, whose spatial resolution is 10 lines/mm at 1x106 fps. More than this, the total cost of this camera was about three million yen. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of this drum camera, microexplosion-driven shock waves in air are observed. Consequently, it is found that the present microexplosion-induced spherical shock wave satisfies tne similarity law.

Development of High Speed Drum Camera and its Application to Microexplosion Measurement

It is known that the large scale explosion satisfies the similarity law. But it is not clarified that the microexplosion satisfies the similarity law or not. If the microexplosion induced spherical shock wave satisfy the similarity law, large scale explosion can be simulate by a microexplosion in a laboratory.To explore the suitable method for measuring the microexplosion phenomena, weve designed and constructed a high speed drum camera combined with a pulsed Argon-ion laser as a light source. In selecting the appropriate laser pulse interval and the mirror rotating speed, framing speed of 4×10 6 fps and 40 numbers of flame can be obtained. And in case of streak recording, streak speed of 100 ns/mm and 500 mm record length can be obtained. Consequently, it is found that the present microexplosion induced spherical shock wave satisfies the similarity law.