Hiroshi Ogata

Electronic absorption spectra of substituted phthalocyanines in solution and as films

The electronic absorption spectra of several phthalocyanines substituted at the so-called α-, β- and α and β-positions of the macrocycle have been recorded in solution and as films (α = 1,4,8,11,15,18,22, and 25 positions or 1,8 (or 11),15 (or 18), and 22 (or 25) positions, and β = 2,3,9,10,16,17,23, and 24 positions or 2,9 (or 10),16 (or 17), and 23 (or 24) positions). Phthalocyanines substituted with bulky groups at the α-positions prevent cofacial aggregation so that their Q-absorption band remains at a similar wavelength both in solution and films, although the film spectra are generally broader. Phthalocyanines substituted at the β-positions are apt to aggregate cofacially in polar solvents but in films they may show broad Q-bands which spread out to both shorter and longer wavelengths of the solution Q-band, depending on the bulkiness of the substituents. The film spectra of hexadeca-substituted phthalocyanines exhibit Q-bands at a similar wavelength as in solution, with insignificant broadening of ...

Indications for open lung biopsy in patients with ventricular septal defect and/or patent ductus arteriosus with pulmonary hypertension

SummaryIn a previous paper, it was stated that open lung biopsy for determination of operative indications could be recommended if pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were higher than 8 units · m2 in patients with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and/or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with severe pulmonary hypertension. In the present study, oxygen inhalation or Tolazoline administration tests with or without occlusion of ductus arteriosus were performed during cardiac catheterization in 47 patients with VSD and/or PDA with severe pulmonary hypertension. The results obtained were compared with the operability based on our histopathological diagnostic criteria. There was no correlation between the oxygen, Tolazoline, or ductus occlusion hemodynamics and the baseline hemodynamics for better prediction of the biopsy results. It was concluded that open lung biopsy should be performed for the determination of operative indication when patients with VSD and/or PDA have a PVR higher than 8 units.m2, and if the PVR is greater than 4 units.m2 with the oxygen inhalation test or 7 units.m2 with the Tolazoline test.

Double-Outlet Left Atrium with Intact Ventricular Septum

The clinical course and surgical repair of double-outlet left atrium with intact ventricular septum in a 13-year-old girl are presented. The only outlet of the right atrium was a secundum atrial septal defect, and the left atrium drained into both ventricles through two atrioventricular valves. To our knowledge, there has been only one other published report of repair of double-outlet left atrium.

113 TWO-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY (2D ECHO) IN THE CLOSED CHEST NEWBORN LAMB: METHODOLOGY AND ANATOMICAL OBSERVATIONS

Echocardiography has not been applied to investigation of cardiac anatomy or function in newborn experimental animals. Consequently, we have investigated the feasibility of 2D Echo for cardiac imaging in the conscious closed chest lamb.M-mode and 2D Echo studies were obtained from 16 closed-chest recumbant lambs: (age=120 days gestation-term-3 weeks; wt=1.8-8 kg). All cardiac chambers and valves were consistently and successfully imaged by transducer angulation from a left and a right precordial position. Cardiac structures were verified by constrast echo using selective injections of green dye and echocineangiographic studies. In addition, postmortem examinations demonstrated anatomical relationships and the orientation of cardiac chambers to the echo transducer. The ventricles are in a “side by side” position and optimal imaging of the left ventricular “long axis” was obtained from a right thoracic position. Complete study was readily accomplished in 10-20 minutes.We have examined the relevant anatomical relationships and developed a method for chronic M-mode and 2D echo study of the conscious closed chest lamb. It is believed that echo can be used for the investigation of cardiac function in animal models simulating human neonatal cardiopulmonary distress. Such application could potentially expand the role of echocardiography in the human neonate.