Hiroyuki Kitano

FGF19 promotes progression of prostate cancer.

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathways have been reported to play important roles in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. FGF19 is one of a subfamily of FGFs that circulate in serum and act in an endocrine manner. Our objective was to investigate its role in the progression of PCa.

The impact of change in serum C-reactive protein level on the prediction of effects of molecular targeted therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma

To investigate the impact of pretreatment serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) level and its change after targeted therapy on the anti‐tumour effect of targeted agents in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).

Serous adenocarcinoma of retroperitoneum: a case report

Primary retroperitoneal serous adenocarcinoma (PRSA) is an extremely rare malignancy, with only seven cases having been previously reported. We report a case of PRSA in a 42-year-old woman treated with surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. The histopathological findings of PRSA resemble those of ovarian serous carcinoma, which indicates that a combination of complete surgical resection with adjuvant chemotherapy may be the best treatment option for PRSA.

Combination therapy using molecular-targeted drugs modulates tumor microenvironment and impairs tumor growth in renal cell carcinoma

Tumor growth and metastasis are determined not by cancer cells alone but also by a variety of stromal cells, various populations of which overexpress platelet‐derived growth factor receptors (PDGF‐Rs). In addition, activation of PI3K‐AKT‐mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is frequently observed in many cancer types as well. mTOR comprises a serine/threonine kinase that increases the production of proteins that stimulate key cellular processes such as cell growth and proliferation, cell metabolism, and angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the impact of molecular‐targeting agents including PDGF‐R and mTOR inhibitors on the tumor stroma of human kidney cancer and examined the efficacy of combination therapy with these agents against this disease. Treatment with sunitinib did not suppress tumor growth, but significantly decreased stromal reactivity, microvessel density, and pericyte coverage of tumor microvessels in an orthotopic mouse model. In contrast, treatment with everolimus decreased tumor growth and microvessel density but not stromal reactivity. However, sunitinib and everolimus in combination reduced both the growth rate and stromal reaction. These findings suggest that target molecule‐based inhibition of the cancer–stromal cell interaction appears promising as an effective antitumor therapy.

MP49-09 REGENERATING ISLET-DERIVED FAMILY, MEMBER 4 ENHANCES CELL PROLIFERATION, CASTRATION-RESISTANCE, AND CHEMORESISTANCE THROUGH ACCELERATION OF NEUROENDOCRINE DIFFERENTIATION IN HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS

Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV) enhances cell proliferation, castration-resistance, and chemoresistance through acceleration of neuroendocrine differentiation in human prostate cancer cells. Jun Teishima1, Koichi Shoji1, Keisuke Goto1,2, Ryoken Yamanaka1, Hiroyuki Shikuma1, Hirotaka Nagamatsu1, Shunsuke Shinmei1,2, Hiroyuki Kitano1, Shinya Ohara1, Tetsutaro Hayashi1, Norihide Oue2, Wataru Yasui2, Akio Matsubara1 1) Department of Urology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan 2) Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan