Hisayuki Kanamori

Studies on the toxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents—I. Mutagenicity of the sediment samples derived from Kraft paper mills

Sediment samples collected at three different coastal points (Shinguu, Ooigawa and Tagonoura) were extracted with diethylether and then methanol. Each extract was separated into five fractions by high-speed liquid chromatography and they were submitted to mutagenic assay using B. subtilis and S. typhimurium and to GC-MS analysis. The ether fraction of sediment sample from Shinguu showed DNA damaging potency on B. subtilis and exhibited mutagenic effect on S. typhimurium TA 98, TA 100 and TA 1537. 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol, 3,4,5,6-tetrachloroguaiacol, dehydroabietic acid, pyrene and fluoranthene were mutagenic substances among 28 substances identified and tested.

Studies on the toxicity of pulp and paper mill effluents—II. Mutagenicity of the extracts of the liver from spotted sea trout (Nibea mitsukurii)

Abstract The liver samples of spotted sea trout ( Nibea mitsukurii ) caught in three different coastal waters of Japan were extracted with diethylether and then methanol. The extracts were submitted to mutagenic assay using Bacillus subtilis and Ames strains of Salmonella typhimurium . The ether extract of the liver was found to have DNA damaging potency on B. subtilis . The extract was applied to a high-speed liquid chromatography to separate into five fractions and each was tested for the mutagenic effects. The fraction of HLC-9 showed DNA damaging and mutagenic potency on B. subtilis and S. typhimurium TA 98 respectively. Gaschromatographic-mass spectrometric examination of each fraction revealed 18 organic compounds of which 12 substances were identical with those found in the sediment samples. 9,10-Epoxystearic acid was mutagenically active among them.

Mutagenic activities of dictamnine and γ-fagarine from Dictamni radicis cortex (rutaceae)

Abstract A methanol extract of Dictamni Radicis Cortex exhibited a mutagenic effect on Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98 with S9 mix. Two mutagenic compounds in Dictamni Radicis Cortex were isolated on a Sephadex LH 20 column and silica gel column chromatography and by preparative TLC. These were identified as dictamnine and γ-fagarine by UV, EL-Mass, 1H-NMR. Dictamine and γ-fagarine were mutagenic in strain TA100 and TA98 with S9 mix. The dose-response curves were linear in the range 10–40 μg. Dictamnine and γ-fagarine had specific activities (His +/μg) of about 50–70 revertant colonies in strain TA100, while in strain TA98 there were about 30–50 revertant colonies.

Determination of PCQS by HPLC and its application to the analysis of Yusho patient blood and toxic rice oil and to the distribution of synthetic PCQS in mice

An excellent separation of six PCQ skeletal isomers was achieved by HPLC. This method was applied to the analysis of Yusho patient blood, toxic rice oil causing Yusho and various tissues and feces of mice dosed with synthetic PCQs.

Time-course of mutagenicity due to flavonols in a pickled vegetable.

The mutagenicity of the leafy vegetable, Takana (Brassica juncia var. integrifolia), pickled with salt for various durations was examined. The mutagenicity increased with increasing duration of pickling time, and analysis by HPLC showed that is was caused by mutagenic flavonols. The flavonols contained in the fresh Takana as glycosides were found to be freed by pickling. This was confirmed by acid hydrolysis.

Isolation of Mutagenic β-Carboline Derivatives after Nitrite Treatment of Maillard Reaction Mixtures and Analysis of These Compounds from Foodstuffs and Human Urine

Mixtures of carbohydrate decomposition products and L-tryptophan were incubated at pH 7.0 and 37 °C for 4 weeks. These mixtures exhibited mutagenic activity toward S. typhimurium TA 100 without metabolic activation after a nitrite treatment at pH 4.0. Four β-carboline derivatives were isolated as premutagens from mixtures of methylglyoxal and furfural. These premutagens were also found to be contained in daily foodstuffs and human urine samples.