Hoon Lee

Preparation of nanocomposite fibers for permanent antibacterial effect

The polypropylene/silver nanocomposite fibers were prepared for the attainment of permanent antibacterial activity to common synthetic textile. The fibers were melt-spun by co-extrusion of polypropylene (PP) and PP/Ag master-batches using general conjugate spinning. Master-batches were made up of mixture of PP chips and nano-sized silver powder. The antibacterial efficacy of spun fibers was excellent not when the master-batch used as the core, but when used as the sheath. The antibacterial activity of nano-silver in fibers was evaluated after certain contact time and calculated by percent reduction of two kinds of bacteria; Staphylococus aureus and Klebsiela pneumoniae. For the characterization, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffractometer (WAXD) were used for analysis of structure, thermal and crystallization behavior of the spun-fibers. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried out to observe particle distribution on the nanocomposite fibers.

Crowding at an arts festival: extending crowding models to the frontcountry

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare existing crowding models and extend the concept of perceived crowding to the frontcountry environment. Models based on three theories, expectancy theory, stimulus-overload theory and social interference theory, were tested using path analysis. Specific hypotheses tests enabled comparison between traditional and new models which added some theoretically relevant variables. Overall, theory-based variables were significant and showed more explanation of variance than the traditional model based on density measures alone. The results of this study show that, as in backcountry settings, perceptions of crowding among frontcountry visitors in a festival setting are more dependent on situational and environmental factors than on physical use levels. Expectancy theory and stimulus-overload theory contributed the most relevant explanatory variables for perceived crowding in this study.

The influence of extraversion on leisure constraints negotiation process: a case of Korean people with disabilities.

Abstract Diverse behavioral and psychological elements in the leisure constraints negotiation process are known to be closely associated with each other. Among several psychological factors, personality traits tend to be more stable over time and more influential on an individuals behavior. Nevertheless previous studies that investigated the constraints negotiation process have paid little attention to the influence of the personality traits. Further, people with disabilities likely perceive various leisure constraints differently, and adopt distinctive patterns of negotiation efforts. Thus, this paper employs the concept of extraversion as a personality trait for individuals with disabilities. Study results suggest that people with disabilities make use of different constraints negotiation mechanisms to decide on their leisure participation.

Market Segmentation of Golf Event Spectators Using Leisure Benefits

ABSTRACT The proliferation of golf events has provided increased opportunities to watch professional golf tournaments. The purpose of this study is to examine a variety of leisure benefits sought by Korean golf event spectators and provide useful marketing strategies to fulfill their needs. Within the contexts of leisure benefits, different individuals tend to assign different meanings to the same leisure experience. In this sense, golf event spectators are likely to pursue heterogeneous leisure benefits from their engagement. This study identified four distinct spectator groups (i.e., escape seekers, exercise seekers, interest seekers, and excitement seekers) and uncovered significant differences among these segments. Results provided empirical support that event-based sport tourism marketers need to implement diverse strategies to increase and reinforce their customer base.

Horse Racing Image: Re‐Examination of Relations Between Image and Intention to Visit

This study examined the relationship between cognitive and affective images of horse racing and the influences of the two image dimensions on the intention to attend horse racing events. Data was collected through an online survey method using World Survey in South Korea. The questionnaire was e‐mailed to panel members of the World Survey who are involved in various online media. Canonical correlation and logistic regression were used to test hypotheses. The results showed that cognitive images of horse racing significantly influenced affective images and that both cognitive and affective images of horse racing positively influenced the intention to visit. The results of this paper supported previous destination image studies and also verified that the destination image concept could be applied to the study of horse racing image. In addition, this study indicated that people who believe horse racing image is related to wholesomeness and excitement expressed a higher intention to visit.

The Relationships Among Acculturation, Self-Esteem, and Leisure Participation of Foreign Workers in Korea

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among leisure participation, self-esteem, and acculturation of recently arrived Korean-Chinese workers in Korea. The participants were Korean-Chinese workers, the ages of 20 and over who resided in Korea. The sample size for this study was 284. Correlation Analysis, ANOVA and Multiple Regression were used for the statistical analyze. The result indicated that there are relationships among leisure participation, self-esteem, and acculturation of recently arrived Korean-Chinese workers in Korea.

Experiential festival attributes, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intention for Korean festivalgoers:

Based on an extensive literature review of the festival experience, this study proposes that the experiences of festivalgoers can be classified into five main attributes, namely Escape, Playfulness, Togetherness, Sacredness, and Placeness. A survey of 450 South Koreans who had participated in some type of domestic festival in the past year statistically validated these attributes and explored the impact of each on the perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions of festivalgoers. The study shows that those Koreans who experienced Playfulness, Sacredness, and Placeness at a festival tended to perceive the festival as more valuable than those who experienced Escape and Togetherness, which were factors that did not significantly affect the perceived value of the festival. This study illuminates the nature of festival attributes and the particular characteristics most important to Korean festivalgoers, both of which provide theoretical and practical implications for tourism researchers and festival organizers.

Latent Demand for Recreation Participation and Leisure Constraints Negotiation Process

Abstract People with disabilities are known to be more vulnerable to the effects of leisure constraints than those without disabilities as a result of their physical and/or cognitive conditions and the negative public attitudes toward impairments. In this regard, latent demand, representing the extent to which individuals have unfulfilled desire for participation, may be more clearly witnessed among people with disabilities. Using a sample of Koreans with mobility disabilities, this study aims to examine the developmental mechanism of latent demand for recreation participation. The results of this study suggest that several elements of leisure constraints negotiation process (i.e., constraints, negotiation strategies, and motivations) are closely associated with latent demand. Based on study findings, we discuss different policies that help people with disabilities diminish their levels of unmet desire.

Understanding Muslim visitors’ attitudes towards Korean street food

ABSTRACT The study aims to give a better understanding of Muslim visitor’s attitudes towards KSF vendors/stalls/hawkers. Many studies have already covered the street food Vendors from different point of view within various destinations. However, there is a lack of research on KSF, and a focus on it from the Muslim perspective is absent. Thus, research focusses mainly on: 1) The KSF Vendors; 2) From halal perspective; and 3) What kind of attitudes are held by Muslim visitors towards those Vendors. Questionnaire distributed through-out online communities as well as famous tourist sites in Seoul, and the hypothesized model consists of subjective norms, behavioral intentions, and Muslim visitors’ attitudes; which is: (Halal awareness, Product ingredients, Halal certificate, and Islamic brand). Lastly, Data was analyzed using SPSS and results show a significant relationship between the HC and Muslim visitors’ attitudes towards KSF, as well as the SN, which in turn leads to their BIs.