Hossein Farraji

Landfill Leachate Treatment by Bentonite Augmented Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) System

As a developing country and one of the tropical tourism industry leaders, Malaysia is faced with environmental problems, such as the conversion of municipal solid waste landfill leachate into hazardous wastewater in mega cities. High concentrations of pollutants, toxic refractory component, and complex composition of landfill leachate have serious environmental impact. This study investigated a novel rapid treatment method to remove turbidity, suspended solid, color, and ammonia nitrogen. Bentonite augmented sequencing batch reactor with miscellaneous aeration (0.5–7.5 L/min) and contact time (1–3 h) is applied via response surface methodology in 13 runs. Results of this study show that in optimum circumstances, 93.63% of turbidity, 90.42% of total suspended solid, 76.33% of ammonia nitrogen (AN), and 45.96% color were removed in only three hours. Furthermore, natural bentonite is a cost effective adsorbent for landfill leachate treatment.

Enhancing BOD/COD Ratio of POME Treatment in SBR System

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) Agra base wastewater is the concern of biodegradable treatment methods. Consequently, the BOD / COD ratio has a significant effect on the biodegradability of wastewaters. This study investigates effects of aerated sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system augmented by zeolite used for treatment of POME. Not only, the BOD / COD ratio increased from 0.11 in raw POME to mean 68.15% increase after aeration in the SBR system, but also, the most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that, aerated SBR could be considered as an effective method for enhancing BOD/COD ratio for qualifying post treatment by biotreatment methods.

Palm oil mill effluent and municipal wastewater co-treatment by zeolite augmented sequencing batch reactors: Turbidity removal

Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest wastewater in Malaysia. Of the 60 million tons of POME produced annually, 2.4–3 million tons are total solids. Turbidity is caused by suspended solids, and 75% of total suspended solids are organic matter. Coagulation and flocculation are popular treatments for turbidity removal. Traditional commercial treatments do not meet discharge standards. This study evaluated natural zeolite and municipal wastewater (MWW)-augmented sequencing batch reactor as a microbiological digestion method for the decontamination of POME in response surface methodology. Aeration, contact time, and MWW/POME ratio were selected as response factors for turbidity removal. Results indicated that turbidity removal varied from 96.7% (MWW/POME ratio=50 %, aeration flow=0.5 L/min, and contact time=12) to 99.31% (MWW/POME ratio=80%, aeration flow 4L/min, and contact time 12 h). This study is the first to present MWW augmentation as a suitable microorganism supplier for turbidity biodegradation in high-strength agroindustrial wastewater.Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the largest wastewater in Malaysia. Of the 60 million tons of POME produced annually, 2.4–3 million tons are total solids. Turbidity is caused by suspended solids, and 75% of total suspended solids are organic matter. Coagulation and flocculation are popular treatments for turbidity removal. Traditional commercial treatments do not meet discharge standards. This study evaluated natural zeolite and municipal wastewater (MWW)-augmented sequencing batch reactor as a microbiological digestion method for the decontamination of POME in response surface methodology. Aeration, contact time, and MWW/POME ratio were selected as response factors for turbidity removal. Results indicated that turbidity removal varied from 96.7% (MWW/POME ratio=50 %, aeration flow=0.5 L/min, and contact time=12) to 99.31% (MWW/POME ratio=80%, aeration flow 4L/min, and contact time 12 h). This study is the first to present MWW augmentation as a suitable microorganism supplier for turbidity biodegradation...

Palm oil mill effluent treatment: Influence of zeolite, municipal wastewater and combined aerobic SBR system

Anaerobically treated palm oil mill effluent (POME) used as an infant in the aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Three different treatments such as 15 g/L zeolite, municipal wastewater (MWW) and combining zeolite and municipal wastewater in comparing with the only aeration used in a lab scale batch study. Spectrophotometric analysis carried out for chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total suspended solids, colour and total phosphorus as target characteristics of raw and treated POME. Zeolite and MWW augmented SBR contain POME + zeolite + MWW had significantly more performance compared with POME (blank) in all analyzed target factors. The results of this study indicate that MWW has significantly higher influence in decontamination of POME in comparing with zeolite. Combining zeolite and MWW in aerobic SBR could meet Malaysian environmental discharge for POME in 22 hours.

Overpopulation and Sustainable Waste Management

Civilization and Industrialization are two main side effects of overpopulation. Production of food and living requirement for new generations needs raw materials and production process as well as changing natural environment for infrastructure construction. Huge municipal solid waste, anthropological pollution in terrestrial, aquatic and atmosphere media are responses of numerous industries for engaging with humankind requirement. Economic circumstances, ecological condition as well as effective management of production process by selecting smart managing methods in order to decreasing hazardous wastes which produce throughout the manufacturing human living requirements, will be a suitable or even favorable target for green living and environmental protection. This manuscript will discuss on wastes sources, production and practical strategies for decreasing their hazard effect throughout current human activities. In other words, how civilization and industrialization can engage with emerging requirements of humankind as well as concerning to environmental protection?