Hsiang-Ping Yu

The rare lobster genus Palinustus A. Milne Edwards, 1880 (Decapoda : Palinuridae), with description of a new species

ABSTRACT The species of the rare spiny lobster genus Palinustus A. Milne Edwards, 1880, are reviewed, based on a total of 54 specimens. Although the characteristics used previously to separate the species are rather variable, all 4 named species are nevertheless considered to be valid; with P. truncatus A. Milne Edwards, 1880, restricted to the western Atlantic, P. mossambicus Barnard, 1926, known only with certainty from the eastern coast of Africa, while both P. waguensis Kubo, 1963, and P. unicornutus Berry, 1979, are widely distributed in the Indo-West-Pacific. A new species, P. holthuisi, is found in Taiwan and Japan. The distinguishing characteristics of all the species are described in detail, together with line drawings and photographs. The different species have distinct coloration and color photographs of live or fresh specimens are provided where possible. A key to the species is given for their identification.

FURTHER RECORDS OF THALASSINIDEAN SHRIMPS FROM TAIWAN (DECAPODA: AXIIDAE AND CALOCARIDIDAE), WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF THREE NEW SPECIES

Three axiid species and one calocaridid are recorded from Taiwan. The three deepwater species are described as new: Calaxius manningi, having a finely pitted carapace and strongly spinose chelipeds; Calocarides chani, which possesses finely tuberculate first chelipeds; and Ambiaxius foveolatus, which has a shallowly pitted carapace branchiostegite. Neaxius acanthus (A. Milne Edwards) is recorded from the coral reefs of Taiwan.

Studies On the Metanephrops Japonicus Group (Decapoda, Nephropidae), With Descriptions of Two New Species

[Les especes du groupe Metanephrops japonicus sont revues par comparaison de specimens deposes dans des musees de divers pays. Sept especes sont reconnues, dont deux nouvelles. Une clef est etablie pour ces Nephropides et chaque espece est egalement illustree., Les especes du groupe Metanephrops japonicus sont revues par comparaison de specimens deposes dans des musees de divers pays. Sept especes sont reconnues, dont deux nouvelles. Une clef est etablie pour ces Nephropides et chaque espece est egalement illustree.]

Metanephrops Formosanus Sp. Nov., a New Species of Lobster (Decapoda, Nephropidae) From Taiwan1)

Es wird eine neue Art von Metanephrops, M. formosanus, beschrieben, und ein Schlussel zu den Arten der Gattung gegeben.

Scyllar Us Formosanus, a New Slipper Lobster (Decapoda, Scyllaridae) From Taiwan

Un nouveau Scyllaride, Scyllarus formosanus, est decrit de Taiwan et ses caracteristiques sont illustrees.

First Record of the King Crab Lithodes Turritus Ortmann, 1892 (Decapoda, Lithodidae) in Taiwanese Waters

The king crab, Lithodes turritus Ortmann, 1892, is reported from relatively deep waters in Taiwan for the first time. It also represents the first record of the family Lithodidae from Taiwan. Comparisons with its closest congener, L. longispina Sakai, 1971, are provided. The present Taiwanese specimens are the largest reported for this species.

A New Deep-Sea Crab of the Genus Chaceon (Decapoda, Geryonidae) From the South China Sea

A new species of deep-sea crab, Chaceon manningi (Brachyura, Geryonidae), is described from depths of 438 to 636 m in the Tung-Sa Islands, South China Sea. The dorsal carapace surface of C. manningi resembles C. granulatus from Japan but in the form of the anterolateral margin and ambulatory dactylus, C. manningi is closer to C. bicolor from New Caledonia, Australia, and New Zealand. Seven species of Chaceon are now known from the Pacific Ocean. Chaceon manningi is the largest member of the genus known so far.

Morphological Observations on Larval Development of Palaemon(Palaemon)Ortmanni(Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)

Larvae of Penaeus japonicus at various stages were exposed by static renewalmethod to different concentrations of ammonia(NH3+NH4(superscript +))in seawaterat 33ppt,pH at 8.10 and temperature at 30℃.The 24-h LC50 values of ammoniafor nauplius third substage(N3),zoea second substage(Z2),mysis secondsubstage(M2),postlarva second substage(PL2)and postlarva twelfth substage(PL12)were 20.88,15.54,17.31,31.68 and 53.37 mg/L ammonia-N(un-ionized plusionized ammonia as nitrogen)and 1.31,0.97,1.08,1.98 and 3.34mg/L NH3-N(un-ionized ammonia as nitrogen),respectively.The 48-h LC50 values of ammonia for Z2,M2,PL2,PL12 were 7.57,15.20,23.80,33.85 mg/L ammonia-N and0.47,0.95,1.49,2.12 mg/L NH3-N.The LC50 values of ammonia-N and NH3-Ndecreased with longer exposure.The”threshold time”was 108h for PL2 andPL12.The”incipient LC50”was 7.80 mg/L ammonia-N and 0.49 mg/L NH3-N forPL2,and 28.29mg/L ammonia-N and 1.77mg/L NH3-N for PL12.Amongthe develop mental stages of P.japonicus larvae tested,zoea was the lowesttolerant and PL12 the highest tolerant.Safe values of ammonia was 0.78 mg/Lammonia-N(0.05 mg/L NH3-N),and 2.83mg/L ammonia-N(0.18mg/L NH3-N)for rearing P.japonicus in the hatchery,and in the nursery,respectively.

Decapod Crustacean Fauna Study in Taiwan

Decapod crustaceans include three main groups and they are Macrura (or shrimps and lobsters), Brachyura (or crabs) and Anomura (i.e. hermit crabs and alikes). Only very limited species of decapod crustaceans, such as coconut crabs and land crabs, live on lands. Most decapod crustaceans have aquatic habitats and with highly diverse morphologies, ecology, and life histories etc. This article gives a general overview on the history of the study of the decapod crustacean fauna in Taiwan.

The Occurrence of the Mesopelagic Shrimp,Funchalia taaningi Burkenroad,1940(Decapoda: Penaeidae)in the Waters Adjacent to Taiwan,with Some Comments on the Taxonomic Status of F. Sagamiensis Fujino,197

An experimental surface fish aggregating device(FAD)was deployed in the coastalwaters off southern Liuchiu Island,Taiwan.The acoustic survey and fishing experimentswere carried out to investigate fish aggregation patterns around the surface FAD.Theacoustic signals of six main species were obtained in this experiment.The results of echointegration,signal feature analysis and cluster analysis showed that butterfly fish(Chaetodon speculum)and Unicorn leatherjacket(Alutera monoceros)aggregated in thenearby area of the surface FAD and had no obvious diurnal change.Yellow-finned runner(Elagatis bipinnulatus)distributed themselves with a reach of 150 m from the surface FAD,at depths of 30-50 m in daytime,and almost disappeared in nighttime.Skipjack tuna(Katsuwonus pelamis)and yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacares)aggregated with a reach of800 m from the surface FAD,and in the surface area of 50 m depth in daytime.Duringnighttime,Skipjack and yellowfin tunas seemed disappear from the FAD zone.Moonfish(Lampris regius)schools had an extensive range from the vicinity of the FAD.In thenearby area of the FAD,moonfish schools aggregated with a reach of 550 m from the FADat depths of 50-80 m,and disappeared in nighttime.The fish aggregation effect aroundthe FAD was quite significant.And the results show that the application of acoustic methods used to investigate the distribution patterns and biomass of fish aggregating in theFAD zone should be feasible.