Hua Pan

Carbon Dioxide Capture by Functionalized Solid Amine Sorbents with Simulated Flue Gas Conditions

A novel solid amine sorbent was prepared using KIT-6-type mesoporous silica modified with tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA). Its adsorption behavior toward CO(2) from simulated flue gases is investigated using an adsorption column. The adsorption capacities at temperatures of 303, 313, 333, 343, and 353 K are 2.10, 2.29, 2.58, 2.85, and 2.71 mmol g(-1), respectively. Experimental adsorption isotherms were obtained, and the average isosteric heat of adsorption was 43.8 kJ/mol. The adsorption capacity increases to 3.2 mmol g(-1) when the relative humidity (RH) of the simulated flue gas reaches 37%. The adsorption capacity is inhibited slightly by the presence of SO(2) at concentrations lower than 300 ppm but is not significantly influenced by NO at concentrations up to 400 ppm. The adsorbent is completely regenerated in 10 min at 393 K and a pressure of 5 KPa, with expected consumption energy of about 1.41 MJ kg(-1) CO(2). The adsorption capacity remains almost the same after 10 cycles of adsorption/regeneration with adsorption conditions of 10 vol % CO(2), 100 ppm SO(2), 200 ppm NO, 100% relative humidity, and a temperature of 393 K. The solid amine sorbent, KIT-6(TEPA), performs excellently for CO(2) capture and its separation from flue gas.

Sphere-Shaped Mn3O4 Catalyst with Remarkable Low-Temperature Activity for Methyl–Ethyl–Ketone Combustion

Mn3O4, FeMnOx, and FeOx catalysts synthesized via a solvothermal method were employed for catalytic oxidation of methyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK) at low temperature. Mn3O4 with sphere-like morphology exhibited the highest activity for MEK oxidation, over which MEK was completely oxidized to CO2 at 200 °C, and this result can be comparable to typical noble metal loaded catalysts. The activation energy of MEK over Mn3O4 (30.8 kJ/mol) was much lower than that of FeMnOx (41.5 kJ/mol) and FeOx (47.8 kJ/mol). The dominant planes, surface manganese species ratio, surface-absorbed oxygen, and redox capability played important roles in the catalytic activities of catalysts, while no significant correlation was found between specific surface area and MEK removal efficiency. Mn3O4 showed the highest activity, accounting for abundant oxygen vacancies, low content of surface Mn4+ and strong reducibility. The oxidation of MEK to CO2 via an intermediate of diacetyl is a reaction pathway on Mn3O4 catalyst. Due to high efficiency and low cost, sphere-shaped Mn3O4 is a promising catalyst for VOCs abatement.

Abatement of malodorants from pesticide factory in dielectric barrier discharges

Traditional odor control methods are limitative technically and economically for the abatement of odor from pesticide factory due to its toxicity and complicated composition. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) methods, typically characterized by high removal efficiency, energy yields and good economy, offer possible alternative solutions. This paper provides laboratory scale experimental data on the removal of simulated odors from pesticide factory with various humidity (0-0.8 vol%) and oxygen contents (0-21%) by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. Peak voltage and initial dimethylamine (DML) concentration are important factors that influence the DML removal efficiency and energy yield. The conversion of DML of 761 mg/m(3) reaches 100% at a peak voltage of 41.25 kV. Under the experiment conditions, the conversion of DML increases with an increase of oxygen contents. And the highest DML conversion was achieved with the gas stream containing 0.3% water. Simultaneously, the concentration of O(3) and OH radical in reactor was measured. Higher conversion, higher energy yield and fewer byproducts were found in mixed odor (DML+dimethyl sulfide (DMS)) treatment than that in single odor treatment. The energy yield is promoted from 2.13 to 5.20mg/kJ.

Influence of balance gas mixture on decomposition of dimethyl sulfide in a wire-cylinder pulse corona reactor.

The influence of balance gas mixture on decomposition of dimethyl sulfide was investigated experimentally by a wire-cylinder pulse corona reactor at room temperature. A new type of high voltage pulse generator with a thyratron switch and a Blumlein pulse-forming network was used in the experiments. The experiments were conducted at a fixed pulse frequency of 100pps. The DMS decomposition efficiency as well as energy yield was investigated using varying oxygen concentration (0.6-21.0%), humidity (0-1.0%) and different balance gas (air, N(2), Ar). Breakdown voltage of DMS in Ar is lower than that of DMS in N(2), both of which are proportional to the gas pressures. The conversion of DMS in Ar is more efficient than that in N(2) and air at a fixed peak voltage. In addition, it is found that 5% oxygen is the optimum concentration in decomposition of DMS, due to higher conversion of DMS and relatively fewer yields of by products, such as O(3), NO(x) and SO(2). The highest DMS removal efficiency where the energy yield was 1.24mgkJ(-1) was achieved with the gas stream containing 0.3% H(2)O in air.

Promotion of Ag/H-BEA by Mn for Lean NO Reduction with Propane at Low Temperature

Effects of adding manganese to Ag/H-BEA for selective catalytic reduction of NO(x) with propane (C(3)H(8)-SCR) were investigated under a lean-burn condition. Mn addition significantly promotes the catalytic performance of Ag/H-BEA below 673 K. A Ag-Mn/H-BEA catalyst with equal metal weight of 3 wt % has the highest activity for C(3)H(8)-SCR among samples with a different bimetal loading. Manganese is mainly present in the 3+ and 4+ oxidation states in Ag-Mn/H-BEA catalysts. The major contributions of manganese suggested by the data presented in this paper are to catalyze the NO oxidation and stabilize silver in a dispersed Ag(+) state. The presence of silver enforces the transformation of a certain amount of Mn(3+) ions to Mn(4+) ions. The activity of Ag-Mn/H-BEA decreases slightly at low SO(2) concentrations (0-200 ppm) but decreases significantly at high SO(2) concentrations (400-800 ppm). In the presence of 10% H(2)O and 200 ppm SO(2), the inhibition of C(3)H(8)-SCR below 673 K is more significant than that at high temperature above 673 K. Ag-Mn/H-BEA is a promising catalyst for the removal of NO(x) from diesel engine exhaust.

Anionic starch-induced Cu-based composite with flake-like mesostructure for gas-phase propanal efficient removal.

Highly crystalline flake-like CuCeO2-δ composites (strCCx) with large specific surface area and developed mesoporosity were prepared using an economic and effective bio-template route. Modified starch with abundant surface carboxyl groups was adopted as the chelating agent and template for metal cations immobilization via electrostatic attraction predominately based on the process of -COO(-)⋯Cu(2+) and -COO(-)⋯Ce(3+). Physicochemical properties of prepared materials were systematically explored by FT-IR, XRD, TG, N2 adsorption/desorption, FE-SEM, TEM, H2-TPR, O2-TPD, XPS, DRUV-Vis, and XAFS techniques. Propanal as a typical oxygen-contained VOC was adopted as the probe pollutant to evaluate the catalytic performance of synthesized materials. Characterization results reveal that plenty of copper ions in composite oxides are incorporated into CeO2 lattice, which produces oxygen vacancies and enhances metal reducibility. Both specific surface area and pore volume of strCCx samples decreased with the increasing of Cu loading. The flake-like CuCeO2-δ sample (Cu/(Cu+Ce)=0.15) with highest specific surface area (108.2m(2)/g) and surface oxygen concentration is indentified as the most active catalyst with propanal totally destructed at 230°C. The introduction of H2O has a negative effect on propanal removal, and the synthesized catalyst has high tolerance to moisture. In conclusion, the specific surface area and surface oxygen density are two vital factors governing the catalytic activity of composite catalysts.

Effect of electric and stress field on structures and quantum conduction of Cu nanowires

The ballistic transport properties of Cu nanowires under different electric and stress fields are investigated for future application in microelectronics using first-principles density-function theory. Relative to the case with the electric field only, the stability and quantum conduction of both nonhelical and helical atomic strands are enhanced by applying a stress field F. Under V = 1 V/A, the most excellent quantum conductivity is exhibited at F = 1.5 nN for the nonhelical atomic strands while at F = 2 nN for the helical ones, and the latter is more stable with collapse-resistant F high as 3 nN compared to the former as 2 nN.