Hua Zhong He

The Structure of Environmental Background Value of Cadmium in Jiaozhou Bay Waters

Sources of heavy metals in marine environment could be cagetoried as natrual source and artificial source. The portion from natrual source forms the environmental background value of heavy metal. This paper proposed the theory of the structure of environmental background value for heavy metal. Finally, this paper applied this theory in the analysis of the environmental background value of Cadmiun (Cd) in Jiaozhou Bay waters. This theory provides basis for pollution control and remediation of marine environment.

Distribution and Source of Plumbum in Jiaozhou Bay Waters

Based on the investigation data of Plumbum (Pb) in surface waters in Jiaozhou Bay in April, August and November 1981, this paper analyzed the content, distribution and source of Pb. Results showed that Pb contents in April, August and November ranged from 0.20-2.65 μg. L-1, 0.79-3.34 μg. L-1 and 0.00-3.00 μg. L-1, respectively, all of which were lower than Grade II (5.00 μg.L-1) in according to National Standard of China for Seawater Quality (GB3097-1997). Agricultural non-point source and urban point source were the major pollution source of Pb in spring (growing season) and autumn (dry season), respectively; while both point and non-point sources were responsible in summer (wet season).

The Distribution and Content of Chromium in Jiaozhou Bay

Based on the investigation data of Chromium (Cr) in Jiaozhou Bay waters in1981, this paper analyzed the content, distribution and sources of Cr in Jiaozhou Bay. Results showed that the contents of Cr were lower than 50.00 μg.L-1 in the full year, as reached Grade I in according to National Standard of China for Seawater Quality (GB3097-1997). Stream discharge from the major rivers was the unique pollution source for Cr. Cr contents in estuaries and offshore areas ranged from 0.48-32.32 μg.L-1 and 0.18-1.85μg.L-1, respectively.

The Changing of Atmospheric Carbon Determined by Silicon

Silicon is the essential element to phytoplankton, determining the growth of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton is the basis of the marine food chain, as well as phytoplankton has tremendous capacity to absorb carbon. Phytoplankton and human determine the change of atmospheric carbon collectively, so the earth system is able to maintain the dynamic balance of the emission of anthropic carbon and the absorption of carbon by phytoplankton. This paper analyzed the effects of Silicon to the growth of phytoplankton, the absorption of CO2 by phytoplankton, the biogeochemical process of silicon, and revealed the effects of silicon to the change of phytoplankton growth and atmospheric carbon.

The Changing of Climate Determined by Silicon

Due to the serious lack of silicon in the ocean and the continuous increase of atmospheric carbon, the atmospheric and water temperature is rising. Silicon is the determining factor of climate change. This paper presented the theory of the earth’s ecosystem, and the complementary mechanisms of silicon, and revealed that the earth’s ecosystem maintains the dynamic balance of temperature by means of the complementary mechanism of silicon.

The Cooling of the Earth Determined by Orogenesis

Based on the theory of the earth’s ecosystem, this paper analyzed the essence and results of orogenesis. We found that, in order to supply abound silicon to the ocean, to accelerate the growth of phytoplankton and decrease the atmospheric carbon, the earth’s ecosystem started up the regulatory mechanism of orogenesis. As a result, both atmospheric and water temperature were decreased. It was found that all of the glaciers were occurred after the major orogenesis, confirmed the correctness and the long lasting of the theory of the earth’s ecosystem, the power of silicon, and the complementary mechanisms. This research deepened the understanding of the earth’s ecosystem.

Effect of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay Waters-The Temporal Variation of the Hg Content

Based on the investigation data of mercury (Hg) in waters in Jiaozhou bay during time peroids of 1979 to 1985 (absent of 1984), this paper tried to analysis the content, pollution level and theis temporal variations of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay, to reveal the changing trend of Hg, and to provide basis for pollution control of Hg in the bay. Results showed that, during 1979-1985, water in Jiaozhou Bay had been polluted by Hg in certain levels. For seasonal variation, there was a dicreasing trend form summer to winter in 1979, 1981 and 1985, and an increasing trend form summer to winter in 1980 and 1983. For annual variation, there was an obvious decreasing trend of Hg pollution from 1979-1982, while from 1982-1985 an increasing trend occurred. The temporal variation of Hg in Jiaozhou Bay reflects the conflict between economic growth and environmental protection. Having in mind that the environmental carrying capacity of Jiaozhou Bay is not unlimited, and the environmental disruption might finally cause economic loss and disasters to the human, we believe that the dischargd load of Hg should be limited in a suitable amount.

Study on the Vertical Distribution of Cr in Jiaozhou Bay

Based on investigation dada on Cr in 1982 in Jiaozhou Bay, this paper analyzed the seasonal and spatial distribution of Cr, and revealed the transfer process of Cr. Results showed that horizontal diffusion and vertical sedimentation were major transfer processes of Cr, which were mainly determined by water exchange and gravity settling. These findings were essential to pollution control and environmental remediation in Jiaozhou Bay. From the point of view of pollution control, reducing the discharge of Cr from the sources was the major countermeasure.