Huaji Zhu

Application of Smart Handheld Device in Agricultural Product Traceability System

The quality and safety of agricultural products is becoming more and more important nowadays. The devices commonly used are POS (Point of Sales) terminals, electronic scales, bar-code scanners, etc. The mismatches among various devices cause a lot of problems during data communication, synchronization, manipulation and flow control. Here a smart handheld device will be introduced, which can resolve these problems. Highly integrated design reduces the total cost of the traceability devices; an overall control makes the cooperation easy and guarantees the traceability flow more reliable and robust. The device hardware mainly consists of an ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) core, a power management block and some functional peripherals. The implementation of the device focused on four issues: 1. power circuit and power management design in multi-power system; 2. peripheral cooperation under CPU control; 3. signal integrity and power integrity in PCB design; 4. transaction model based software design and database synchronization.

Design of vineyard production monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks

Aiming at low management automation level, heavy workload and other problems that exist in traditional vineyard production, a vineyard production monitoring system is designed based on wireless sensor network technology. The system includes 54 sensor nodes, 3 cluster-head nodes, a sink node and monitoring center. It is free to customize automatic acquisition, processing, transmission, storage of soil moisture rate that from three soil layers separately buried apart from surface 0–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm, the change of soil temperature and illumination intensity. Each node employs JenOS operation system, and the communication between nodes follows ZigBee protocol. Comprehensively considering the cost, energy consumption, usability and other factors, this system selects the TP-ST series sensors. Experiments of data package transmission rate in budding leafing stage and fruit rapid-expanding stage are taken. Six out of ten sensor nodes have the data package transmission rate above 90%, two sensor nodes below 35%. The reason is that the energy consumption of one solar energy power circuit is excessive, and the other node is deployed where the grape trellis blocking is serious. In addition, the data package transmission rate of fruit rapid-expanding stage is generally lower than that of grape budding leafing stage. This phenomenon shows that the density of branch and fruit has certain influence on the transmission of wireless signal.

Research on the Semantic Web-Based Technology of Knowledge Integration for Agricultural Production

Agricultural knowledge representation, organization and integrated application in distribute environment is a complex and difficult problem, mainly due to the distributed, polymorphic and heterogeneous characteristics of the agricultural knowledge resources. In order to overcome the problem, an application framework which supports the agricultural production knowledge integration based on semantic web technology was designed. The framework was divided into four layers including data layer, operation application layer, knowledge integration layer and knowledge service layer. The structure and function of each layer was introduced. The key techniques for knowledge representation and description, construction of knowledge chain, knowledge transformation method and knowledge retrieval and integration were studied. Finally, an agricultural knowledge semanteme retrieval prototype system was proposed. The new system was validated with more than 2000 documents describing agricultural production. The results show that the method established in the new system can improve the precision ratio effectively than the traditional methods.

An Energy Efficient Cluster-Head Rotation and Relay Node Selection Scheme for Farmland Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

A new routing protocol of wireless sensor network is proposed in this paper. Node residual energy, network topology density and the distance to the sink are all under consideration in the cluster-head election, which could improve the network energy efficiency while doing the power consumption equalization. An energy threshold of cluster-head is applied to reduce the frequency of cluster-head rotation. A relay node selection scheme is used to satisfy the network connectivity in large-scale farmland application and lower the power consumption of far-end cluster-heads. Through extensive performance evaluation, results show that the 10% nodes-die network lifespan of ECRRS (energy efficient cluster-head rotation and relay node selection) is about 1.3 times of HEED (hybrid energy efficient distributed), 2.1 times of CHCS (cluster-head cycling switch) and 4.5 times of LEACH (low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy). The cluster-head selection cost of ECRRS is about 38% of HEED and 33% of CHCS. The energy balance performance of ECRRS is a little better than CHCS and much better than LEACH. The energy efficiency of farmland WSN is improved by using ECRRS.

Farmland multi-parameter wireless sensor network data compression strategy

A certain correlation exists among farmland wireless sensor network (WSN) monitored parameter data. Analysing and utilising parameter correlation can improve data compression efficiency and reduce network communication power. A data compression algorithm for multi-parameter farmland WSN is proposed. Firstly, a compression matrix of each cluster is built up based on clustering analysis among parameters and internal correlation analysis between categories. Then the parameter sorting scheme is determined based on the structured matrix which had strong correlation among rows and columns. It conducted characteristic analysis of parameter sequences. Operators between parameters are built in order to enhance the correlation and reduce high-frequency component of the matrix. By doing these the information loss during compression process could be reduced, and realised the goals of elevating compression ratio and reducing compression errors. Compression test shows that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce network data redundancy and energy consumption.

Development of the Management System of the National Sustainable Development Experimentation Areas

The management of the national sustainable development experimentation areas is faced with many problems, such as the complex and variable flow, affluent information and high-grade decision analysis. An online management system of the national sustainable development experimentation areas is developed based on the workflow technology and the business process management theory. With the traditional method, the system should be redeveloped if the management flow of the national sustainable development experimentation areas changed. In order to overcome this repetitive work, the dynamic definition model of the business process about the management of the national sustainable development experimentation areas is put forward. Based on the new system, the traditional artificial management mode of the national sustainable development experimentation areas can be transformed to system adaptive management pattern. The on-line use of the system shows that the efficiency and normative of the experimentation area management has been greatly improved.

Research on power consumption weighted state machine of farmland WSN node

Wireless sensor network (WSN) plays an important role in the large scale farmland environmental monitoring. Long-term unattended monitoring with limited energy source requires extremely low power consumption. Researches mainly focused on the state transition of the wireless sensor network (WSN) nodes. More energy can be saved when each module is scheduled into the appropriate states according to the nodes relative energy weights in the network. Simulation results show that the node power consumption has been significantly reduced.

Low power design based on seed circulation Supervisory Hand-held device

Food safety becomes more and more important nowadays. Agricultural materials safety such as seed is an important prerequisite for food safety. The seed circulation Supervisory Hand-held device is designed to deal with the problems like market outlets dispersing, manual operation and lack in information etc. Low power design technology brings us smaller size and longer operating time of handheld device. This paper presents a low power hardware design using LTC3577 and LTC2941, and a software power management. The results show that the system power consumption would be greatly reduced by the strategy this paper use.

Reasons of the Incremental Information in the Updating Spatial Database

In order to quickly extract and distribute the incremental information of spatial database, this work analyses the reasons of incremental information of spatial database with the instance of residential feature. Firstly, a new concept of increment is proposed based on the spatio-temporal change type and data delta. The change type describes the semantics of increment information and data delta describes the content of increment information. Based on this concept, the types of residential change and relevant data deltas are put forward. There are two catalogs of change type, i.e. subjective change and objective change. The subjective change can be detailedly divided into 3 small change types and the objective change can be detailedly divided into 12 small change types. Additionally, the incremental information resulted from the objective change is formalized. Based on the above formalized changes, the automatic extraction of incremental information can be expediently programmed. The classifying result was applied to the incremental information automatic extracting system of 1.250,000 topographic databases.

Research on the Collaboration Service Mechanism for Pig Diseases Diagnosis Based on Semantic Web

Distributed knowledge resources for the pig diseases diagnosis have the characteristics of heterogeneous, autonomy and difficult to be shared among different systems. Based on the web-based ontology modeling language, a descriptive model to describe the heterogeneous knowledge resources of the pig diseases diagnosis and a formal model to express the decision services of pig diseases are proposed in this work. Based on the two models, a complex decision task can be automatically divided into many dependent simple decision fragments. The relationships between different fragments, the mapping relationships between each fragment which can be dynamically adjusted according the divided fragments and its distributed knowledge resources can be formally described. The models form a mechanism for cooperative decision for pig diseases diagnosis. The method is proposed by achieving the balanced decomposition of decision task and intelligent schedule of knowledge resources. The method is verified in a pig diseases collaborative diagnosis system. The result shows that the method is superior to the traditional intelligent decision-making method.