Huang Zy

miR-1, regulated by LMP1, suppresses tumour growth and metastasis by targeting K-ras in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

There is evidence to show that downregulation of miR‐1 expression is closely related to cancer progression, including in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying miR‐1 downregulation in NPC remain largely unknown, especially its association with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). In this study we found that restoration of miR‐1 dramatically inhibited cell invasion in vitro, together with tumour growth and metastasis in vivo. Importantly, we found that LMP1, an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated protein, suppressed miR‐1 expression. Furthermore, we identified K‐ras as a novel direct target of miR‐1. Our results demonstrated for the first time that miR‐1 was suppressed by LMP1 and its tumour‐suppressive effects were mediated chiefly by repressing K‐ras expression. We propose that miR‐1 could serve as an independent biomarker to identify patients with different clinical characteristics.

Delayed diagnosis and treatment of foreign body aspiration in China: the roles played by physician inexperience and lack of bronchoscopy facilities at local treatment centers.

OBJECTIVE We examined if lack of on-site bronchoscopy facilities and the inexperience of initial treating physicians contributed to missed or delayed diagnosis of tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration (FBA) in pediatric patients presenting with respiratory distress. METHODS The medical records of 340 patients examined by bronchoscopy in our otolaryngology department from January 2009 to August 2012 were reviewed. Age, gender, clinical history, findings on physical examination, facilities at the initial treatment site (bronchoscopy or not), bronchoscopic findings (type and location of the FB), and initial diagnosis, were examined in terms of the delay between initial treatment and bronchoscopy-based diagnosis of FBA. RESULTS The vast majority of patients (324/340, 95.29%) were 3 years of age or younger and a foreign body was located in 309 (90.88%). Of these 340 cases, 261 had been referred from other facilities (76.76%) whereas 79 had come directly to our hospital (23.24%). The median delay between initial treatment and bronchoscopic diagnosis was significantly shorter in those treated initially in our institution compared to referrals (24 h [1 h to 60 days] vs. 168 h [1 h to 366 days]; P < 0.01). The initial diagnosis was FBA in 135/261 referral cases (51.72%), significantly lower than in cases first treated in our institution (69/79, 87.34%; P < 0.01). Foreign body aspiration was confirmed in 127/135 referral cases (94.07%) and 62/69 directly treated cases (89.86%) (χ(2) = 1.193, P > 0.05). Of the 126 referral cases diagnosed with other conditions before coming to our hospital, FBA was confirmed in 114. Complications were significantly less frequent in cases treated directly than in referrals (24/79, 30.38% vs. 155/261, 59.39%; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Local treatment facilities, most lacking bronchoscopy facilities and physicians who were trained to recognize FBA, misdiagnosed at least 44% of patients with respiratory distress and this led to significant delays in treatment. Greater regional access to bronchoscopy and improved training of primary care physicians will enhance diagnostic accuracy and reduce treatment delays.

Remote monitoring of home-based noninvasive ventilation in children with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome

Currently, noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) therapy has been widely used to treat children and infants with obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndome (OSAHS) and concomitant risk factors. Its efficacy has been described in a vast body of existing literature data. However, different conditions may lead patients to require a long-term treatment of 6 months or more. Furthermore, high-quality clinical observation and intensive follow-up are also necessary to ensure a safe and effective home-based therapy. Therefore, the emergence of an internet-based remote monitoring system has provided a feasible approach for addressing these issues. This report details our experience in using TELETREK home-based remote monitoring system in three children with OSAHS and concurrent risk factors so as to provide comprehensive data for the investigation on the efficacy of home-based NIPPV therapy in treating upper airway obstruction-related diseases as well as efficacy, practicality, the safety of remote monitoring systems [1–3]. All patients/caretakers were given informed consent to participate in this case report study. Data and methods

Measurement of nasal and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in children with upper airway inflammatory disease: Preliminary results.

OBJECTIVES To assess the clinical significance of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) concentrations in children with upper airway inflammatory disease. METHODS Fifteen healthy children, 30 with allergic rhinitis (AR), 10 with non-allergic rhinitis (NAR), and 30 with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) were enrolled. The FeNO and nNO concentrations were measured non-invasively using a NIOX MINO system. RESULTS Both nNO and FeNO were significantly higher in children with AR than in healthy children (P=0.000 and P=0.000, respectively). Compared to healthy children, nNO was also significant higher in children with NAR (P=0.011) or SDB (P=0.027). In contrast, FeNO did not differ from controls in children with NAR or SDB. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that nNO has potential value for diagnosing upper airway inflammation. Moreover, elevated FeNO distinguishes allergic from non-allergic rhinitis.

Skin Prick Test Reactivity to Aeroallergens in Allergic Rhinitis Children in Guangzhou, Southern China

This retrospective study reviewed skin prick test (SPT) positive results to various aeroallergens among 2136 children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Guangzhou City, Southern China. Most (74.67%) of the 2136 children who underwent skin test showed positive reaction to 2-4 allergens. The allergen group with the highest positive incidence was Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (der.p.) at 93.16%, followed by Dermatophagoides farinae (der.f.) at 86.23%, Tropical mites at 40.73%, Cat hair at 20.32% and Blattella germanica at 19.62%. Dust mites (der.p. & der.f) yielded strong positive reaction trend on AR children. The positive rate of der.p.,Cat hair and Blattella germanica was higher in school children group than preschool children group. Except for Blattella germanica, sensitization to every tested allergen varied in four season groups. These allergens should be given the highest priority when making the allergen avoidance strategies for AR children.

Clinical Analysis of Fractional Exhaled and Nasal Nitric Oxide in AllergicRhinitis Children

The primary aim of this study was to assess whether Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) and Nasal Nitric Oxide (nNO) can be used as a mean of diagnosis in Allergic Rhinitis (AR) without asthma or not , and discuss their correlation. Fifteen healthy children and thirty children with AR, but without asthma, were enrolled. A questionnaire about clinical features of AR children had been completed by parents. The levels of FeNO and nNO were measured by NIOX MINO (Aerocrine AB, Solna, Sweden).IBM SPSS statistics 20.0 software was used to analyse the data.

Characteristics of Electroencephalogram Arousals of Sleep-disordered Breathing Children at Different Sleep Stages.

IntroductIon Sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is the most common sleep‐ related disorder, and it can seriously affect sleep conditions, growth, and neurocognitive function. Recent research even demonstrates that hypertensive patients with SDB are at an increased risk of developing resistant hypertension.[1] SDB includes several different degrees of sleep disorders, primary snoring (PS), upper airway resistance syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

A New Technique of Coblation used in 42 Infants with Epiglottic Cyst

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a new minimally invasive technique of coblation used in infants with epiglottic cyst. Methods: 42 consecutive patients with epiglottic cyst underwent surgery by use ArthroCare ENT Coblator II Surgery System. Results: All patients, including 29 males and 13 females, ranging in age from 1week to 4 years when surgery. All these patients recovered with no complications and was discharged from hospital in 7 days after surgery, no perioperative bleeding noted in any patient. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 6 to 60 months, no recurrence was found during the follow-up examinations. Conclusion: Use ArthroCare ENT Coblator II Surgery System for treatment of infant epiglottic cysts is simple, safe, and effective.