Hugh O'Brien

Intra-orogenic Svecofennian magmatism in SW Finland constrained by LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon dating and geochemistry

We have studied plutonic rocks from the Korpo and Rauma areas of south-western Finland which can be categorized as intra-orogenic, i.e. they were intruded during a proposed extensional period between the two main Svecofennian orogenic cycles: the Fennian and Svecobaltic orogenies. The diorite from Rauma yielded an age of 1865 ± 9 Ma and the diorite from Korpo an age of 1852 ± 4 Ma. The adjacent garnet-bearing Korpo granite was 1849 ± 8 Ma in age. Zircons from the granite also included inherited Archaean and older Palaeoproterozic zircons, as well as metamorphic c. 1820 Ma rims. The diorites are high-K to shoshonitic, mantle-derived magmas, rich in Fe, P, F and light rare earth elements. The Korpo granites show typical features of crustal-derived melts and form hybrids with the diorites in contact zones. Both the mantle-derived and crustal-derived intra-orogenic magmatism are considered to have had a causal effect on the subsequent late Svecofennian (Svecobaltic) thermal evolution in southern Finland which culminated in granulite facies metamorphism and large-scale crustal melting.

Mantle source of the 2.44–2.50-Ga mantle plume-related magmatism in the Fennoscandian Shield: evidence from Os, Nd, and Sr isotope compositions of the Monchepluton and Kemi intrusions

Significant PGE and Cr mineralization occurs in a number of 2.44–2.50-Ga mafic layered intrusions located across the Karelian and Kola cratons. The intrusions have been interpreted to be related to mantle plume activity. Most of the intrusions have negative εNd values of about −1 to −2 and slightly radiogenic initial Sr isotope compositions of about 0.702 to 0.703. One potential explanation is crustal contamination of a magma derived from a mantle plume, but another possibility is that the magma was derived from metasomatized sub-continental lithospheric mantle. Samples from the upper chromitite layers of the Kemi intrusion and most samples from the previously studied Koitelainen and Akanvaara intrusions have supra-chondritic γOs values indicating some crustal contamination, which may have contributed to the formation of chromitites in these intrusions. Chromite separates from the main ore zone of the Kemi and Monchepluton intrusions show nearly chondritic γOs, similar to the coeval Vetreny belt komatiites. We suggest that the Os isotope composition of the primitive magma was not significantly changed by crustal contamination due to a high Os content of the magma and a low Os content of the contaminant. Modeling suggests that the Os and Nd isotope compositions of the Monchepluton and Kemi intrusions cannot be explained by assuming a magma source in the sub-continental lithospheric mantle with sub-chondritic γOs. A better match for the isotope data would be a plume mantle source with chondritic Re/Os and Os isotope composition, followed by crustal contamination.