Hugo César Ramos de Jesus

Bioassay‐guided Evaluation of Antinociceptive Properties and Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil of Hyptis fruticosa

The composition of three samples of essential oil (EO) extracted from the leaves and flowers of Hyptis fruticosa (Lamiaceae) were investigated by GC/MS and GC‐FID. The variability of the constituents and biological activity were evaluated in the oil samples. Acetic acid‐induced abdominal constrictions and formalin‐induced pain tests in mice were used for screening the antinociceptive activity. The possible antagonism of the essential oils or morphine (MOR) antinociceptive effects by pretreatment with naloxone, showed no influence on the antinociceptive action of the oils in the acetic acid‐induced writhing test. All examined oil samples presented antinociceptive activity. The oil sample obtained from the leaves collected during the vegetative growth stage, near São Cristóvão at Sítio Tujubeba exhibited the highest effect. The same oil sample had a main percentage of 1,8‐cineole (18.70%). Nevertheless, the oil obtained from flowers collected at the same location, showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the response intensity in the first phase of paw licking (100 mg/kg) possibly due to the higher contents of α‐pinene (20.51%) and β‐pinene (13.64%). The results provide evidence for the use of H. fruticosa by traditional medicine practitioners in the management of pain. Copyright

Essential oil composition and variability in Hyptis fruticosa

The composition of six samples of essential oil (EO) extracted from leaves, flowers and seeds of several plants of Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex Benth., Lamiaceae, was investigated by GC/MS and GC/FID. 1,8-Cineole, spathulenol, α-pinene, β-pinene were the major constituents. Ten constituents that have not been previously described in the composition of the oil of H. fruticosa were identified. Hydrocarbons sesquiterpenes represented the main group, followed by hydrocarbons monoterpenes. The results were submitted to Cluster Analysis which allowed three groups of EO to be distinguished with respect to the content of α-pinene/β-pinene, 1,8-cineole and spathulenol. Growth stages of the plants and geographical parameters seem to be important factors determining the variability of the oil. Sesquiterpenes were mainly produced in the seeds.

Influência do armazenamento de folhas secas no óleo essencial de patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of five storage times of dry leaves of two patchouli genotypes on its essential oil content and chemical composition. Harvest was realized four months after planting. Storage influenced essential oil content of genotype POG-002. Patchoulol was the majority compound. Storage of dry leaves increased significatively the content of the compounds α-bulnesene and germacrene A of genotype POG-021 and longicanfenilone, pogostol and patchoulol of POG-002. However, storage reduced significatively the content of the compounds cicloseichelene, β-cariofilene, α-guaiene, acifilene and α-bulnesene of the essential oil of genotype POG-002.

Water Deficit and Seasonality Study on Essential Oil Constituents of Lippia gracilis Schauer Germplasm

The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia gracilis genotypes, in the dry and rainy seasons, and with and without irrigation. The extraction of essential oil was realized by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition analysis was performed using a GC-MS/FID. The leaves of the L. gracilis genotypes provide essential oil with content between 1.25% and 1.92% in the rainy season and 1.42% and 2.70% in the dry season; when irrigation was used the content was between 1.42% and 2.87%, without irrigation contents were between 1.60% and 3.00%. The chemical composition of L. gracilis showed high levels of terpenes. The major constituent of genotypes LGRA-106 was thymol and carvacrol was the major constituent for the other genotypes. Concentrations showed little variation between seasons, demonstrating the stability of the chemical composition of L. gracilis even with different climatic conditions.

Chemical Composition and Larvicidal Effects of Essential Oil from Bauhinia acuruana (Moric) against Aedes aegypti

Abstract The essential oil from leaves of Bauhinia acuruana Moric was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In total, thirty compounds comprising 91.4% of the total peak area were identified. The main constituents of the essential oil were the sesquiterpenes spathulenol (23.4 ± 0.08%), epi-α-cadinol (20.7 ± 0.12%) and caryophyllene oxide (16.4 ± 0.04%). The essential oil was tested against Aedes aegypti larvae and showed LC50 value of 56.2 ± 0.4 μg/mL.

Changes in the content and composition of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. during storage

We assessed the qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil derived from the leaves of Ocimum basilicum L. stored in different types of packaging. The effect of storage temperature on the oil from fresh leaves was also investigated. There were no significant differences in the average yields of oil obtained from leaves stored in paper or plastic bags over a twelve-month period; but, independent of packaging, the oil content was reduced by 0.1% per month. The relative concentrations of the major constituents, linalool and geraniol, were 76.1% and 16.7%, respectively, for leaves stored in paper bags for twelve months and 77.1% and 16.6%, respectively, for leaves stored in plastic bags. No differences were detected in the concentrations of the major components of the oil obtained from leaves that were stored for twelve months at −20°, 4° or 25°C, although the concentrations of the minor constituents oscillated significantly.

Produção, teor e composição química do óleo essencial de hortelã-japonesa cultivada sob malhas fotoconversoras

Foi avaliado o efeito da intensidade e da qualidade espectral da luz transmitida pelas malhas fotoconversoras em relacao ao crescimento, teor e composicao quimica do oleo essencial das plantas de Mentha arvensis. Foram realizadas duas avaliacoes, aos 85 dias apos o plantio e aos 80 dias apos a rebrota das plantas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, dispostos em quatro tratamentos e cinco repeticoes, sendo cada parcela composta de tres vasos (uma planta por vaso) em cada corte. Os tratamentos foram caracterizados por plantas de hortela-japonesa cultivadas a pleno sol e sob malhas com 50% de sombreamento na cor preta, vermelha ou azul. Foram avaliados a biomassa seca de folhas, caules, parte aerea, raizes e estoloes e total, razao raiz/parte aerea, area foliar total, razao de area foliar, area foliar especifica, numero de brotacoes, teor, rendimento e composicao quimica do oleo essencial. O crescimento da planta, teor e rendimento de oleo essencial sao mais afetados pela intensidade do que pela variacao espectral da luz imposta pelas malhas. O sombreamento de 50% provocado pelas malhas e excessivo, independente da cor. A composicao quimica do oleo essencial nao foi afetada consideravelmente pelas malhas.