Huma Shafiq

Social Networking Tools in Virtual Reference

The rapid advancements in web and availability of growing number of free social networking tools have greatly influenced the present day communication mechanisms. These tools have provided cheaper, instant and faster methods of communicating information irrespective of geographical and time barriers. Users especially the younger generation is much familiar with the use of such tools and modern libraries are experiencing rapid changes in user perceptions and information seeking patterns. Owing to the ease of accessibility of plethora of information resources via cell phones, tablets using smart apps, libraries are revisiting their methods of information delivery. Many libraries are using social networking tools for handling user queries and advertising their library products especially in Virtual Reference Services (VRS). Virtual reference is reference service initiated electronically where patrons employ computers or other technology to communicate with public services staff without being physically present. Communication channels used frequently in virtual reference include chat, video-conferencing, voice-over-IP, co-browsing, e-mail, and instant messaging (Reference and User Services Association [RUSA] Guidelines, 2010). It primarily refers to a network of expertise, intermediation and resources placed at the disposal of someone seeking answers in an online environment (Berube, 2003). It has brought about tremendous change in the concept of reference services in terms of information dissemination and user satisfaction. Various initiatives have already been taken to develop standards, guidelines and procedures for setting up successful digital reference systems. Virtual reference has emerged as a new powerful method of delivering reference and information service to a vast number of clientele distributed globally. It includes seamless access to global resources and the collection of knowledge for reference access, coupled with complementary access to information on the internet. It has brought about tremendous change in the concept of reference services in terms of information dissemination and user satisfaction. The seamless influence of Social Networking tools on virtual reference is quite evident and trend is fast shifting towards incorporating such tools in libraries at global level. These tools not only solve the problems of communicating in real time environment in all modes ranging from instant messaging to audio/visuals but also provide ample opportunities for libraries to retain their users. The present work thus discusses the concept of Virtual Reference Service and possible use of different Social Networking tools in present day Virtual Reference Systems for successfully addressing user queries.

Contribution of SAARC Nations towards World Digital Library (WDL)

Digital library development, since its inception in the 1990s, has made significant progress so far. Although there is still a long way to go before reaching their full potential, digital libraries are maturing. Hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested in digital library (DL) research. World Digital Library (WDL) is an internet-based, freely available resource to discover and study cultural collection from around the world. The collection includes manuscripts, maps, rare books, musical scores, recordings, films, prints, photographs, and architectural drawings, among others. The resources can be browsed by place, time, topic, type of item as well as contributing institution. The paper is an attempt to explore and analyze the contribution of SAARC Nations to the World Digital Library.