Humberto Thomazi Gassen

Calcium phosphate cement in orbital reconstructions.

Abstract Treatment of facial trauma sequelae is a complex and challenging process. There is still controversy over suitable materials for orbital wall reconstruction. This study evaluated calcium phosphate cement (CPC) implants manufactured by rapid prototyping in the repair of orbital wall defects secondary to trauma. Computed tomographic scans of 5 patients were used for surgery planning and production of CPC implants. Implants were used to restore orbital wall anatomy, ocular alignment, and facial contour. Benefits resulting from the use of implants, such as a reduced operating time, patient response to biomaterial implantation, biomaterial integrity and stability, and patient satisfaction with treatment, were analyzed qualitatively. Our results suggest that CPC is an effective and safe material for orbital reconstruction because of its biocompatibility and easy production and placement.

Evaluation of optical density of bone defects filled with calcium phosphate cement and bioactive glass in rats

PURPOSE To evaluate new bone formation, by the analysis of optical density, in rat femoral defects filled with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) and bioactive glass (BG). METHODS Twenty-one rats were divided into three groups, Group I (CPC), Group II (BG), and Group III (control), and assessed after 7, 15, and 30 days. Three bone cavities were made in the left femur and filled with CPC, BG, and no material (control). Digital images were obtained and the results were subjected to statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA), complemented by the Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric tests, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Regarding optical density, Group I showed statistical values significantly higher than Group III and also higher, although not statistically significant, than Group II, in all observation periods. When Groups II and III were compared, Group II showed higher optical density values, without statistically significant differences, in all periods. CONCLUSION The biomaterials analyzed showed higher optical density in relation to the control group in all observation periods, calcium phosphate cement being the best option in the repair of bone defects, but without statistically significant differences in relation to bioactive glass.

Alpha-tricalcium phosphate cement in the reconstruction of bone defects in rats

PURPOSE To evaluate the ability of a mixture of α-TCP and autogenous bone (AB) vs. α-TCP alone and AB alone to promote new bone formation and tissue repair in bone defects. METHODS Bone defects surgically created in 15 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: Group I (AB), Group II (α-TCP), Group III (α-TCP+AB assessed by light microscopy), and Group IV (α-TCP+AB assessed by scanning electron microscopy). Bone repair findings were assessed at 30, 60, and 120 days postoperatively. RESULTS The histological findings obtained in Groups I (p=0.459), II (p=0.368), and III (p=0.459) and at 30 days (p=0.717), 60 days (p=0.717), and 120 days (p=0.779) did not show statistically significant differences. Scanning electron microscopy revealed direct contact between the α-TCP+AB implant and the bone tissue at 120 days. CONCLUSION The α-TCP implant is effective alternative bone substitutes for the treatment of critical size bone defects.

Profilaxia antibiótica de infecção pós-operatória nos períodos pré e pós-operatórios em cirurgia de terceiros molares

O uso rotineiro de profilaxia antibiotica em cirurgia para exodontia de terceiros molares e controverso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a conduta farmacologica de cirurgioes-dentistas que realizam este tipo de extracao dentaria em relacao a profilaxia de infeccoes pos-operatorias, comparando os dados a conduta dos professores das disciplinas de Cirurgia Bucomaxilofacial do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas/RS. Para tanto, foi aplicado um questionario a 60 profissionais com o intuito de verificar os criterios de indicacao de profilaxia antibiotica para infeccoes pos-operatorias, posologia farmacologica e associacao com controle quimico do biofilme bacteriano, relacionando essas variaveis ao curso de origem e tempo de formado do profissional. Conclui-se que a maioria dos entrevistados indica profilaxia para infeccoes pos-operatorias, entretanto nao segue um protocolo definido sustentado em evidencias cientificas.