Huseyin Altundag

Comparison of dry, wet and microwave digestion methods for the multi element determination in some dried fruit samples by ICP-OES.

The aim of this study was used to investigate the level of trace metals (Ba, Pb, Cd, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn, Sr and Fe) in some dried fruits (Prunus domestica L., Ficus carica L., Morus alba L., Vitis vinifera L., Prunus armeniaca L., and Malus domestica) samples from Turkey. Trace elements were determined by ICP-OES after dry, wet and microwave digestion methods in dried fruit samples. Validation of the proposed method was carried out by using a NIST-SRM 1515-Apple Leaves certified reference material. Element concentrations in dried fruit samples were 0.33-1.77 (Ba), 0.12-0.54 (Cd), 0.25-1.03 (Co), 0.45-2.30 (Cr), 0.43-2.74 (Cu), 0.56-4.87 (Mn), 0.61-2.54 (Ni), 0.40-2.14 (Pb), 2.16-6.54 (Zn), 0.83-12.02 (Al), 11.82-40.80 (Fe) and 0.16-6.34 (Sr) μg/g. The analytical parameters show that the microwave oven digestion procedure provided best results as compared to the wet and dry digestion procedures. The results were compared with the literature values.

Separation, Preconcentration, and Recovery of Pd(II) Ions using Newly Modified Silica Gel with Bis(3-Aminopropyl)Amine

Bis(3-aminopropyl)amine bonded silica gel (BAPA-SG) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy, and tested for adsorption, preconcentration, and recovery of Pd(II) ions. The effective parameters on the preconcentration of Pd(II) ions such as pH, volume, and flow rate of the Pd(II) solution, and the type and volume of eluent solution, and also matrix ions such as alkaline and heavy metals were investigated. Flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used for the determination of Pd(II) concentration. The modified silica gel could adsorb Pd(II) ions quantitatively from the solutions up to 400 mL at pH 1.0 by the flow rate of 5 mL/min. The retained Pd(II) ions could be easily eluted by using 5 mL of 1% (m/v) thiourea in 1.0 M HCl solution. The recovery of Pd(II) ions was 95 ± 2% at 95% confidence level. The analytical detection limit of Pd was found to be 0.36 µg L−1 at the preconcentration factor of 80. Selective adsorption of Pd(II) ions over some base metal ions was also investigated. The developed method was applied to spent auto catalyst for palladium recovery, and a certified ore sample for the determination of palladium content.

Efficient Removal of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution by Dehydrated Hazelnut Husk Carbon

In this study, removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions by dehydrated hazelnut husk carbon (DHHC) was investigated. In batch adsorption process, effective parameters such as pH, contact time, amount of DHHC, and initial concentration were studied. Optimum pH value and contact time were found to be 5.0 and 60 minutes, respectively. Adsorption data were applied to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Cd(II) adsorption reasonably followed the Langmuir model with a maximum capacity of 61.35 mg g−1. Furthermore, kinetic data obtained for Cd(II) adsorption were found to correlate with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Finally, a single-stage batch adsorber was designed in order to treat wastewater model solution. These results showed that DHHC could be used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from wastewater.

Assessment of Trace Element Levels in Muscle Tissues of Fish Species Collected from a River, Stream, Lake, and Sea in Sakarya, Turkey

Levels of some trace and essential elements, including Al, B, Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, and Zn, were determined in 17 different fish species from Sakarya River, Çark Stream, Sapanca Lake, and Western Black Sea using ICP-OES after microwave (MW) digestion procedure. During preparation of samples for analysis, wet and MW digestion methods were also compared. Accuracy of the digestion methods was checked by the analysis of DORM-3 reference material (Fish Protein Certified Reference Material for Trace Metals). Concentrations of trace elements were found as Al: 6.5–48.5, B: 0.06–3.30, Ba: 0.09–2.92, Cr: 0.02–1.64, Cu: 0.13–2.28, Fe: 7.28–39.9, Mn: 0.08–11.4, Ni: 0.01–26.1, Sr: 0.17–13.5, and Zn: 11.5–52.9 µg g−1. The obtained results were compared with other studies published in the literature. Trace element levels in various fish species collected from waters in Sakarya region were found to be below limit values provided by Turkish Food Codex (TFC), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and World Health Organization (WHO).

Investigation of the Influence of Selected Soil and Plant Properties from Sakarya, Turkey, on the Bioavailability of Trace Elements by Applying an In Vitro Digestion Model.

The main aim of this study was an investigation of the influence of selected soil and plant properties on the bioaccessibility of trace elements and hence their potential impacts on human health in urban environments. Two artificial digestion models were used to determine trace element levels passing from soil and plants to man for bioavailability study. Soil and plant samples were collected from various regions of the province of Sakarya, Turkey. Digestive process is started by addition of soil and plant samples to an artificial digestion model based on human physiology. Bioavailability % values are obtained from the ratio of the amount of element passing to human digestion to element content of soil and plants. According to bioavailability % results, element levels passing from soil samples to human digestion were B = Cr = Cu = Fe = Pb = Li < Al < Ni < Co < Ba < Mn < Sr < Cd < Na < Zn < Tl, while element levels passing from plant samples to human digestion were Cu = Fe = Ni = Pb = Tl = Na = Li < Co < Al < Sr < Ba < Mn < Cd < Cr < Zn < B. It was checked whether the results obtained reached harmful levels to human health by examining the literature.

Evaluation of adsorptive performance of dehydrated hazelnut husks carbon for Pb(II) and Mn(II) ions

AbstractIn this study, adsorption of Pb(II) and Mn(II) ions from aqueous solutions onto dehydrated hazelnut husks carbon (DHHC) was carried out batchwise in order to obtain optimal values for several effective parameters such as pH, contact time, dosage, and initial concentration. The adsorption of both Pb(II) and Mn(II) ions was found to be highly dependent on pH, which were optimum values of 4.5 and 5.5, respectively. The adsorption of both ions reached equilibrium conditions at 60 min. The experimental data of both ions were best fitted with the Langmuir model by maximum adsorption capacities of 133.3 and 44.8 mg g−1 for Pb(II) and Mn(II), respectively. Kinetic studies showed that Pb(II) and Mn(II) adsorption onto DHHC abided well by pseudo-second-order model.

Trace Metal Levels in Vehicle Air and Pollen Filter Dusts by the BCR Extraction Procedure

Abstract The availability of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe and Zn of dust from vehicle air and pollen filters were investigated by four-step BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The acid-soluble, reducible, oxidizable, residual extracts were measured by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results indicated that both of air and pollen filter dusts contained higher concentration of Fe. To estimate the accuracy of the method the standard reference material BCR 701 was used. The results for recovery all the elements were found in the range 95.4-101.3%. The mean concentrations [μg/g] of trace elements in dusts from air filters/pollen filters were: cadmium 16.72/17.56; cobalt 24.22/23.72; chromium 46.02/55.44; copper 44.92/37.67; iron 1868.03/1854.92; manganese 231.2/213.64; nickel 38.89/45.27; lead 60.99/67.17; zinc 199.58/201.25. The results obtained are in agreement with data reported in the literature. Abstrakt Zbadano zawartość Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Fe i Zn w pyłach powietrza z pojazdów i w filtrach pyłowych za pomocą sekwencyjnej procedury ekstrakcji BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference). Skład ekstraktów zawierających substancje rozpuszczalne w kwasach, redukowalne i utlenialne był badany za pomocą metody indukcyjnie wzbudzonej plazmy sprzężonej z optyczną spektroskopią emisyjną (ICP-OES). Wyniki wskazują, że zarówno powietrze, jak i materiał z filtrów pyłowych zawierały zwiększone stężenia Fe. Do oszacowania dokładność metody wykorzystano standardowy materiał referencyjny BCR 701. Odzysk wszystkich pierwiastków mieścił się w zakresie 95,4-101,3%. Średnie stężenia [μg/g] pierwiastków śladowych w pyle z filtrów powietrza/filtrów pyłowych wynosiły dla kadmu 16,72/17,56; kobaltu 24,22/23,72; chromu 46,02/55,44; miedzi 44,92/37,67; żelaza 1868,03/1854,92; manganu 231,2/213,64; niklu 38,89/45,27; ołowiu 60,99/67,17; cynku 199,58/201,25. Uzyskane wyniki są zgodne z danymi literaturowymi.

Sakarya İli İçme Sularında Flor Düzeylerinin İyon Seçici Elektrod ve İyon Kromotografisi İle Tayini

Fluoride, next to industrial use of the biological importance of a element. Therefore the levels of floride in the drinking water are important because of public health. In this study, a total 10 samples are taken from 9 different points, which contain drinking water in Sakarya, center and regions of the city (Kampus, Serdivan, Ozanlar, Camili, Karaman, Erenler1, Erenler2, Cark Caddesi, Hizirtepe and Dortyol). In these samples, determination of flouride was made with ion selective electrode and ion chromatography methods. World Health Organisation (WHO) suggests flouride amount in drinking water less than 1,5 mg/L. In drinking water samples which are taken from Sakarya, center and regions of the city avarage flouride values were determined in accordance with standards less than 1,5 mg/L.