Hüseyin Zengin

Bayburt Yöresinde Arpa Ekim Alanlarında Görülen Yabancı Otlar, Yoğunlukları, Yaygınlıkları ve Topluluk Oluşturma Durumları Üzerinde Çalışmalar

Calisma Bayburt Ili arpa ekim alanlarinin yabanci otlari ile bunlarin yogunluklari, yayginlik oranlari ve topluluk olusturma durumlarini saptamak amaciyla 2000–2001 yillari arasinda toplam 27 tarlada surdurulmustur. Surveyler MayisTemmuz aylarinda yapilmistir.Yapilan survey calismalari sonucunda Chenopodium album L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Sinapis arvensis L., Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. Loeve., Geranium tuberosum L., Centaura depressa Bieb., Convolvulus arvensis L., Sideritis montana L., Avena fatua L., Lactuca serriola L., Tragopogon spp. ve Polygonum bellardii All. en yogun rastlanan yabanci ot turleri olarak belirlenmistir. Toplulugun esas uyeleri C. arvense, C. album, F. convolvulus ve S. arvensis olarak saptanmistir. Merkezde arpa ekim alanlarinda 23 familyaya giren 72 yabanci ot turu 61.25 adet/m², Demirozu Ilcesinde 24 familyaya ait 73 farkli turu 49.54 adet/m² ve Aydintepe Ilcesinde ise 24 familyaya mensup 68 yabanci ot turu 46.10 adet/m² ortalama yogunlukta oldugu tespit edilmistir.

Erzurum Yöresinde Yonca Ekim Alanlarında Bulunan Yabancı Otlar, Yoğunlukları ve Rastlama Sıklıkları / Species, Density and Frequency of Lucerne Weeds in Erzurum, Turkey

OZET: Erzurum ilinin Askale, Merkez ve Pasinler ilcelerindeki yonca tarlalarindaki yabanci otlarin yogunluklarini, rastlama sikliklarini belirlemek amaci ile 2006-2007 yilinda yurutulen calismada, 2 tohumsuz, 15 tek cenekli (monokotiledon) ve 62 cift cenekli (dikotiledon) olmak uzere 22 familya ve 63 cinse ait 79 farkli yabanci ot turu saptanmistir. Bu yabanci otlarin metrekaredeki yogunluklarinin 1 ile 2965 arasinda degistigi ve ortalama yogunlugun 82.10 bitki/m2 oldugu belirlenmistir. Poa pratensis L. (Cayir salkim otu) 21.96 adet/m2, Poa bulbosa L. (Yumrulu salkim otu) 15.04, Bromus tectorum L. (Puskullu cayir) 11.47, Elymus repens (L.) Gould. (Ayrik) 9.07 ve Carum carvi L. (Kir kimyonu) 3.05 ile en yogun turler olarak belirlenirken, P. pratensis (%32.59), C. carvi (%27.41), B. tectorum (%26.67), Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prant (Uzun supurge otu) (%22.97) ve Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. (Yabani tere) (%22.22) ise rastlama sikliklari en yuksek turler olarak tespit edilmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yonca, yabanci ot, yabanci ot yogunlugu, rastlama sikligi, Erzurum ABSTRACT: This study was carried out in order to determine the species, density and frequency of weeds in lucerne in Aokale, Merkez and Pasinler districts of Erzurum between 2006 and 2007 in lucerne fields. According to this study, was carried out 79 different weed species belonging to 63 genus and 22 families (2 cryptogamae, 15 monocotyledoneaus and 62 dicotyledoneaus) were identified. It was varied 1 between 2965 density in square meter of this weeds and identified a density of 82.10 plant/m2 weeds per square meter on average. At the experiment site were determined the most common species Poa pratensis L. (Kentucky blue grass) 21.96 (plant/m2), Poa bulbosa L. (Bulbous bluegrass) 15.04 (plant/m2), Bromus tectorum L. (Downy brome) 11.47 (plant/m2), Elymus repens (L.) Gould. (Quack grass) 9.07 (plant/m2) and Carum carvi L. (Caraway) 3.05 (plant/m2); in addition to this study, the weeds species were determined the most frequency of weed species P. pratensis (32.59%), C. carvi (27.41%), B. tectorum (26.67%), Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb. ex Prant (Flixweed) (22.97%) and Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. (Hoary cress) (22.22%); respectively. Keywords: Lucerne, weed, weed density, frequency, Erzurum

Erzurum’da Yazlık Buğdayda Sorun Oluşturan Tarla Sarmaşığı (Convolvulus arvensis L.)’nın Ekonomik Zarar Eşiğinin Belirlenmesi / Determination of Economic Threshold of Field Bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) in Spring Wheat in Erzurum, Turkey

OZET: Bugday ekim alanlarinda onemli yabanci otlardan olan Convolvulus arvensis L.’nin ekonomik zarar esigi, bugdayin bindane ve hektolitre agirliklarina etkilerinin arastirildigi calismadan, 2003 yili fiyatlarina ve 2,4-D terkipli herbisitin kullanimina bagli olarak C. arvensis’nin ekonomik zarar esiklerinin en dusuk yogunlukta dahi asildigi belirlenmistir. Bugday bindane ve hektolitre agirligi ile ilgili calismada, iki yilin ortalamasi alindiginda bugday bindane agirligi en yuksek kontrolde (38.57 g), en dusuk 32 adet/m2 (31.46 g)’de, hektolitre agirligi en fazla kontrolde (74320.0 g/100 L), en az 32 adet/m2 (65758.8 g/100 L)’de saptanmistir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Convolvulus arvensis L., Ekonomik Zarar Esigi, Bindane Agirligi, Hektolitre Agirligi, Sap+Saman Agirligi ABSTRACT: In this study, the economic threshold, 1000 grain weight and hectolitre weight of Convolvulus arvensis L. which known as important weed for wheat growing area was investigated. As a conclusion, according to 2003 year prices and depending on the use of herbicide 2,4-D active ingredient, economic threshold of C. arvensis was increased even their lowest densities. According to the results of average of two years data, related to 1000 grain weight and hectolitre weight of wheat, wheat 1000 grain weight for C. arvensis was found the highest in control (38.57 g) and the lowest in 32 plant/m2 (31.46 g), wheat hectolitre weight for C. arvensis was found the most in control (74320.0 g/100 L) and the least in 32 plant/m2 (65758.8 g/100 L). Key Words: Convolvulus arvensis L., Economic Threshold, 1000 Grain Weight, Hectolitre Weight, Stem+Straw Weight

Bayburt İli Buğday Ekim Alanlarında Bulunan Yabancı Otların Rastlama Sıklığı, Yoğunlukları ve Topluluk Oluşturma Durumlarının Saptanması / Determination Of Distribution, Density And Sociability Of Weed Species İn Wheat Fields İn Bayburt Province

OZET : Calisma Bayburt Ili bugday ekim alanlarindaki yabanci otlarin, rastlama sikliklarinin, yogunluklarinin ve topluluk olusturma durumlarinin belirlenmesi amaciyla 2000–2001 yillarinda Bayburt’ ta yurutulmustur. Calisma alaninda yapilan survey calismalari sonucunda bugdayda; Chenopodium album L.(sirken), Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. loeve. (sarmasik cobandegnegi), Sinapis arvensis L. (yabani hardal), Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (koygocuren), Geranium tuberosum L. (yumrulu jeranyum) ve Convolvulus arvensis L. (tarla sarmasigi) en yogun rastlanan yabanci ot turleri olarak belirlenmistir. Arastirmanin yapildigi bugday tarlalarinda esas uyelerin Fallopia convolvulus ve Secale cereale’nin oldugu saptanmistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Yabanci ot, Bugday, Topluluk olusturma, Survey ABSTRACT : During 2000 and 2001 the present study was conducted to determine of weed species density, sociability and community in the wheat fields, and ratio of weed grown in the province of Bayburt. The results showed that the most common weed species; Chenopodium album L. Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A. loeve., Sinapis arvensis L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Geranium tuberosum L., and Convolvulus arvensis L. in wheat fields. The main members of weed communities were F. convolvulus and S. cereale in wheat fields. Keys words: Weed, Wheat, Community, Survey