Hüsnü Demirsoy

Effect of Organic and Conventional Growing Systems with Different Mulching on Yield and Fruit Quality in Strawberry cvs. Sweet Charlie and Camarosa

ABSTRACT This study was carried out to determine yield and fruit quality of cvs. Sweet Charlie and Camarosa in conventional and organic growing systems in 2003–2005. Organic agriculture is an alternative production system that uses no synthetic pesticide or fertilizer and, therefore, it may benefit human health and the environment. This study consisted of the following eight treatments: (1) Sweet Charlie using the conventional system mulched with a black plastic (SC-CL-BP), (2) Sweet Charlie using conventional system mulched with a floating sheet (SC-CL-FS), (3) Sweet Charlie using organic system mulched with a black plastic (SC-Or-BP), (4) Sweet Charlie using organic system mulched with a floating sheet (SC-Or-FS), (5) Camarosa using conventional system mulched with a black plastic (CAM-CL-BP), (6) Camarosa using conventional mulched with a floating sheet (CAM-CL-FS), (7) Camarosa using organic system mulched with a black plastic (CAM-Or-BP), (8) Camarosa using organic system mulched with a floating sheet (CAM- Or-FS). Yield was higher in the conventional system than in the organic system in 2004, but no significant difference between the two was found in 2005. Soluble solid and vitamin C contents were higher in fruits grown using the organic system in both years. Also, the amount of rotten fruit was lower in the organic system. There was no difference between conventional and organic growing from the point of view of fruit weight and titreable acidity contents. It was shown that Camarosa when considering yield and fruit quality was superior to Sweet Charlie in the organic system. Thus, organic strawberry growing is recommended because of the benefical effects on the environment, human health and its higher price in market.

Phenolic Compounds and Chemical Characteristics of Pears (Pyrus Communis L.)

This study was carried out to determine the phenolic compounds and some chemical characteristics at flesh and peel in some pear cultivars. The fruit weight was varied from 45.9 to 479.9 g and flesh firmness was varied from 29.4 to 89.7 N. Soluble solids content was higher in the flesh than in the peel, while pH, titratable acidity and all phenolic compounds were generally higher in the peel than in the flesh. Quantitative differences were found in the phenolic compounds among the pear cultivars. Arbutin and chlorogenic acid were detected as major phenolic compounds in the peel and flesh, while rutin hydrate and rutin-tri-hydrate were detected as a minor in the peel and flesh. Catechin ranged from 40.0 to 543.8 mg kg−1 in the flesh and 42.4 to 695.2 mg kg−1 in the peel. Epicatechin content varied from 11.47 to 243.1 mg kg−1 in the flesh and 12.6 to 315.4 mg kg−1 in the peel. The ranges of vitamin C content were from 9.1 to 29.7 mg 100 g−1 in the flesh and 9.5 to 35.9 mg 100 g−1 in the peel. Pear peel indicated higher contents of phenolics than pear flesh, confirming the health benefit of the consumption of pears together with peel.

The Effects of Different Organic Wastes on Mineral Element Content in Organic Strawberry Cultivation

ABSTRACT In this article, five different organic waste effects on mineral uptake in growing organic strawberries was investigated. In the experiment, the impacts of different organic wastes, such as hazelnut husk (H), hazelnut husk compost (HC), rice hull (R), rice hull compost (RC), and farmyard manure on mineral element contents of strawberry cultivars ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Sweet Charlie’ were investigated. The harvesting of the plants was performed at the beginning of resting, fluorescence, and at the end of the harvest throughout the experiment in order to examine the impacts of organic wastes on mineral element contents, which were detected in the leaf samples extracted from these harvests. In this experiment, it was observed that the applications H Compost and H yielded better results than farmyard manure and other wastes regarding mineral element content. In the research, when examined pull up dates, N, P, Mg, Fe, and Mn contents were adequate, but K, Ca, and Zn contents were found to be insufficient in strawberry leaves.

The effect of Perlan and bud management on growth, lateral shoots,and the precocity of cherry nursery trees

The sweet cherry tree shows an acrotonic growth habit and grows as a forest wood. Apical dominance is important in sweet cherries and commercial growth is not possible without human intervention. It is thus difficult to obtain a good tree shape and enough shoots and leaves for quality and a plentiful crop in cherry trees. For this reason, many studies have been carried out in cherries to obtain enough lateral shoots and leaves using different methods. These procedures included Perlan application, pruning (heading), bud management (bud selection, bud removal), girdling, notching, and scoring. The present study aimed to encourage leaf and shoot growth by various applications such as Perlan (BA+GA 4+7 ), bud management, and bud management + Perlan in sweet cherries in 2015-2017. The Perlan, bud management, and bud management + Perlan applications were applied to trees of the Regina/CAB 6P combination just before bud break. These applications affected the diameter, length and number of primary shoots on the leader, number of 2-year-old shoots bearing fruit, and also the leaf area. Besides this, the applications affected tree volume. In general, the best results in terms of features were from bud management + Perlan.