Hyeok-Gyu Lee

Change in mental status due to pneumocephalus after regional anaesthesia during obstetrics and gynaecological surgery

A 40-year-old para 1 woman was admitted to a local clinic for evaluation of pelvic inflammatory disease. The woman had undergone four previous operations. She was transferred to a university hospit...

Effect of nalbuphine hydrochloride on the active phase during first stage of labour: A pilot study

The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether nalbuphine shortens the duration of the active phase during the first stage of labour in pregnant women. Among 1,619 deliveries, we enrolled 302 pregnant women between March 2003 and August 2005. The case group received a nalbuphine injection (n = 57), while the remaining patients served as a control group (n = 245). The effects of nalbuphine on the length of labour were analysed using a survival analysis (log-rank test). The average duration of the initial active phase was 75 and 160 min for the case and control groups, respectively. The reduced duration of the active phase in the case group occurred regardless of oxytocin infusion (p < 0.01) and was without significant risks.

Efficacy of assessment in fetal behaviour by four dimensional ultrasonography

This study was conducted to examine the behaviour and facial expressions of the fetus after birth by 4-dimensional (4-D) ultrasonography, and the association of the biophysical profile (BPP) with the Doppler scale. A total of 40 singleton pregnancies were included. All 4-D ultrasonographies were performed using the Accuvix XQ (Medison® Co. Ltd, Seoul, Republic of Korea). The BPP and Doppler were performed on gravidas using 2-D ultrasonography. We recorded the newborn while awake no later than 48 h after delivery. The most frequent movement in fetuses and newborn was yawning and isolated arm movements, respectively. Sucking, swallowing (r = 0.78) and isolated limb movements (r = 0.72) in fetuses as observed by 4-D ultrasonography had a relationship with isolated limb movements in the newborn. Because of the limitation of ultrasonography, an overall comparison could not be made. There was a high correlation between sucking, swallowing, and isolated limb movements in fetuses and newborn.

Three-dimensional CT is useful for diagnosing an ectopic kidney

A 42-year-old gravida 3 para 2 was transferred to our department from a local clinic for evaluation and surgical management of a solid ovarian mass. On pelvic examination, there was a left-sided pelvic mass. She had no surgical history. Ultrasound showed a left ovarian solid mass, 7656 4 cm in size. On pelvic threedimensional computed tomography (3D CT), an ectopic kidney was demonstrated on the left side with a normal contralateral kidney (Figure 1).

Role of echocardiography in sinus venosus atrial septal defect combined with systemic and pulmonary vascular disease.

We present a case of persistent left superior vena cava, anomalous right pulmonary venous connection to the right-sided superior vena cava and sinus venosus atrial septal defect detected by computed tomography (CT) pulmonary angiography and echocardiography. These defects were surgically corrected using a double-patch technique. In fact, CT can provide anatomical information about a complex anomaly in the systemic and pulmonary vasculatures. Though modern imaging techniques are useful for detecting complex cardiovascular disease, careful echocardiographic examination should be performed to diagnose complex cardiac anomalies.