Hyuck Joon Kwun

Molecular phylogeny and new classification of the genera Eulophias and Zoarchias (PISCES, Zoarcoidei)

Morphological and osteological studies of the Zoarcoidei group have previously been undertaken, but the group (especially the genera Eulophias and Zoarchias) still remains enigmatic. Therefore, we conducted molecular phylogenetic studies on the two genera Eulophias and Zoarchias using two mitochondrial (16S rRNA and COI) and two nuclear genes (RAG2 and RNF213). Our phylogenetic analysis supported the monophyly of the suborder level of the Zoarcoidei, but rejected the previous morphology- and osteology-based classification hypotheses regarding the two genera. Conflict between mtDNA and nDNA phylogenies within the genus Eulophias implies that the genus shows a complicated relationship such as hybridization in the process of the evolutionary history. The genetic distances between the Eulophias (or Zoarchias) and other Zoarcoidei spp. were the greatest, showing different family-level affiliations. In addition, the mtDNA topology showed the two genera were clearly separated from each other as well as from the families Stichaeidae and Zoarcidae. Considering the new molecular phylogeny, we suggest a new classification for the two genera: (1) Eulophias belongs to a new family named as the Eulophiidae; (2) Zoarchias belongs to the family Neozoarcidae (sensu Radchenko et al., 2012b) rather than to Stichaeidae and Zoarcidae.

New Record of Sillago sinica (Pisces: Sillaginidae) in Korean Waters, and Re-identification of Sillago parvisquamis Previously Reported from Korea as S. sinica

A single specimen of the genus Sillago, collected from Gwangyang, Korea, in May 2009, is characterized by XI first dorsal fin spines, 3 or 4 rows of melanophore pattern along the second dorsal fin membrane, and a darkish posterior margin of the caudal fin. Our specimen was identified as Sillago sinica reported as a new species; this identification is confirmed by mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences, which show that our specimen corresponds to S. sinica (d=0.000) and differs from the congeneric species Sillago parvisquamis (d=0.170). Comparisons of Korean specimens previously reported as S. parvisquamis with specimens of S. sinica show that the S. parvisquamis specimens are actually S. sinica. We propose the new Korean name “buk-bang-jeom-bo-ri-myeol” for S. sinica.

Two New Records of Juvenile Oedalechilus labiosus and Ellochelon vaigiensis (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) from Jeju Island, Korea, as Revealed by Molecular Analysis

Eighteen specimens of juvenile Mugilidae were collected in October 2012 from the southern coastal waters of Jeju Island, and identified based on analysis of their mitochondrial DNA16S rRNA sequences. Seventeen specimens of Oedalechilus labiosus and a single specimen of Ellochelon vaigiensis were found, constituting a new record for these species among Korean ichthyofauna. O. labiosus is identified by the angle at the posterior end of its mouth, which contains a round notch, a darkish dorsal margin of the pectoral fin, the presence of 33-36 lateral line scales, and 23-24 vertebrae. E. vaigiensis is identified by dark dorsal and pectoral fins, the presence of 26 lateral line scales, and 25 vertebrae. The proposed Korean name for Oedalechilus is ‘Sol-ip-sung-eo-sok’ and that for Ellochelon is ‘Nup-jeok-ggo-ri-sung-eo-sok.’ The proposed Korean names for the species are ‘Sol-ip-sung-eo’ and ‘Nup-jeok-ggo-ri-sung-eo’ for O. labiosus and E. vaigiensis, respectively. We present a key for identification of the Mugilidae family of species from Korea, and include these two newly recorded species.

Molecular and morphological evidence for the taxonomic status of a newly reported species of Albula (Albuliformes: Albulidae) from Korea and Taiwan

Abstract To clarify the taxonomic status of five specimens of Albula collected from Korea and Taiwan (Albula sp.), genetic differences among them and other congeneric species were investigated based on mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b sequences. All five specimens of Albula sp. showed identical haplotypes and strongly supported a monophyletic group on phylogenetic analysis. The genetic differences between Albula sp. and ten other species of Albula ranged from 0.100 to 0.164. These values were almost equal to or exceeded the interspecific differences among the latter ten species (0.038–0.206). Morphological comparisons of Albula sp. and another four Indo-Pacific species, A. argentea, A. glossodonta, A. oligolepis and A. virgata, are also presented. Albula sp. could be distinguished from the latter four species in their numbers of pored lateral-line scales, anal fin rays and vertebrae, as well as in several proportional measurements.

Re-identification of Two Tonguefishes (Pleuronectiformes) from Korea using Morphological and Molecular Analyses

가자미목(Pleuronectiformes) 참서대과(Cynoglossidae) 어류 는 열대 및 아열대 해역에 서식하는 저서성 어류로 전 세계적으 로 3속 127종(Menon, 1977; Munroe, 1998; Nelson, 2006), 국 내에는 3속 8종이 보고되어 있다(Kim and Choi, 1994; Kim et al., 2005). 참서대과 어류는 몸이 매우 측편되어 있으며, 눈은 몸의 왼쪽으로 돌아가 있고 등지느러미 및 뒷지느러미가 꼬리 지느러미와 연결되어 있는 것이 특징이다(Menon, 1977; Nelson, 2006). 본 과는 2아과로 구분되는데, 주둥이가 갈고리형으 로 휘어진 입이 주둥이 아래에 있고 유안측에 측선이 존재하면 참서대아과(Cynoglossinae), 주둥이가 갈고리형이 아니고 직 선형 입이 주둥이 앞에 있으며 유안측에 측선이 없으면 보섭 서대아과(Symphurinae)로 구분된다(Chyung, 1977; Menon, 1977; Nelson, 2006). 국내에서는 용서대 Cynoglossus abbreviatus (Gray, 1835), 물서대 Cynoglossus gracilis Gunther, 1873b 및 박대 Cynoglossus semilaevis Gunther, 1873a 3종 이 Jordan and Metz (1913)에 의해 처음 보고된 이후 보섭서대 Symphurus orientalis (Bleeker, 1879), 흑대기 Paraplagusia japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846), 참서대 Cynoglossus joyneri Gunther, 1878, 개서대 Cynoglossus robustus Gunther, 1873b, 칠서대 Cynoglossus interruptus Gunther, 1880가 추가 로 보고되었다(Mori, 1928; Mori and Uchida, 1934; Uchida and Yabe, 1939; Mori, 1952). 하지만 Yokogawa et al. (2008) 은 국내에 보고된 칠서대의 표본에 C. interruptus와 함께 Cynoglossus ochiaii Yokogawa, Endo and Sakaji, 2008가 포함된 가능성을 언급하며 확인이 필요하다고 하였고, Yamada et al. (2009)은 Yokogawa et al. (2008)의 결과를 근거로 칠서대의 학 명을 C. ochiaii로 제시하였다. 이와 함께 Lee et al. (2013)은 보 섭서대의 국내분포에 의문을 제기하였는데, 특히 보섭서대는 형태기재 없이 목록으로 처음 우리나라에 보고되었으며(Mori, 1928), 분류학적 재검토 연구에서도 표본을 확인하지 못하였다 형태 및 분자분석에 의한 한국산 참서대과 어류(가자미목) 2종의 재동정 권혁준 ∙ 김진구*

Revision of the Scientific Name for "Min-be-do-ra-chi" Identified Previously as Zoarchias glaber in Korea

The Korean stichaeid fish “Min-be-do-ra-chi”, reported previously as Zoarchias glaber, is reviewed taxonomically and described based on a single specimen collected from Jeju Island, Korea. “Min-be-do-ra-chi” was identified as Z. major by the following morphological characteristics: U-shaped markings on the dorsal and anal fins, 31 dorsal fin spines, 78 dorsal fin soft rays, 87 anal fin soft rays, and 109 vertebrae. In contrast, Z. glaber has triangular markings on the dorsal and anal fins, 92–96 anal fin soft rays, and 112–122 vertebrae. Therefore, our results suggest that the scientific name of this species reported previously as Z. glaber should be changed to Z. major.

A New Record of Juvenile Chromis mirationis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) from Korea, Revealed by Molecular Analysis, with a Comparison to Juvenile Chromis notata

A single juvenile pomacentrid specimen (5.9 mm standard length) was collected from the Korea Strait in October 2010. The specimen is characterized by punctate-stellate melanophores scattered on the operculum and dorso-ventral region in front of the caudal peduncle, the lack of melanophores on the posterior end of the anal fin base, the presence of 14 spines and 14 soft rays on the dorsal fin, and the presence of 2 spines and 12 soft rays on the anal fin. A molecular analysis based on mitochondrial DNA 16S rRNA sequences showed that this specimen is closely related to adult Chromis mirationis (d = 0.002), but that it differs from Chromis notata (d = 0.017). Juvenile C. mirationis differ from juvenile C. notata in having no melanophores on the posterior end of the anal fin base. We propose a new Korean name, “tti-ja-ri-dom” for C. mirationis.

New record of Juvenile Stethojulis trilineata (Perciformes: Labridae) from Korea, Revealed by Molecular Analysis

A single specimen of a juvenile Stethojulis trilineata was first collected from the coastal waters of Ulsan, Korea, in October 2012. This species is characterized by IX dorsal fin spines, 26 lateral line scales, 25 vertebrae, dark spots between the 10th and 11th dorsal fin rays, and a caudal peduncle region. The new Korean name proposed is “Se-jul-mu-ji-gae-nol-rae-gi” for S. trilineata.