Hyun Lim

Comparison of Natural Ostiotomy and Antibiotic Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Maxillary Sinusitis in Rabbits

The goal of this study was to compare natural ostiotomy and the administration of a systemic antibiotic in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. Maxillary sinusitis was induced in 28 rabbits by blocking the natural ostium with a bone chip and by introducing 0.2 ml of a suspension of Streptococcus pneumoniae (2 x 10(9) cells/ml). The animals were divided into natural ostiotomy and antibiotic therapy groups: the natural ostiotomy group comprised 14 rabbits, in which the bone chip that blocked the natural ostium was removed; and the antibiotic therapy group comprised 14 rabbits treated with systemic antibiotic without reopening the ostium. The sinus mucosa of each group was examined histopathologically 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment. There were no significant differences in light microscopic findings between the natural ostiotomy and antibiotic therapy groups. Natural ostiotomy was as effective against acute maxillary sinusitis as the systemic administration of antibiotics. The results of this study suggest that natural ostiotomy and antibiotic therapy may be equally effective in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in rabbits.

Effect of low-dose proton pump inhibitor on preventing upper gastrointestinal bleeding in chronic kidney disease patients receiving aspirin.

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) leads to significant morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This study determined the efficacy of using a low‐dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to reduce the risk of non‐variceal UGIB in CKD patients receiving aspirin.

Second-Line Irinotecan, Leucovorin, and 5-Fluorouracil for Gastric Cancer Patients after Failed Docetaxel and S-1.

Background. This retrospective study aimed to assess the efficacy and toxicities of second-line chemotherapy with irinotecan, leucovorin, and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) patients previously treated with docetaxel and S-1 with or without oxaliplatin (DS/DOS). Patients and Methods. We reviewed the data of patients who had previously been treated with first-line DS/DOS and received biweekly irinotecan-based chemotherapy (FOLFIRI/IFL) between October 2004 and November 2011. Results. A total of 209 cycles were administered to 35 patients, with a median of 4 (range, 1–22) cycles each. The overall response rate in 29 response-assessable patients was 17.2%, including 2 complete and 3 partial responses. The median progression-free and overall survivals were 3.81 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.82–5.80) months and 6.24 (95% CI, 1.44–11.04) months, respectively. The major grade 3/4 toxicity was neutropenia (8.6%). Conclusion. FOLFIRI/IFL chemotherapy showed modest antitumour activity and tolerable toxicities in DS/DOS-treated MGC patients.

A dose-finding study for oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and S-1 (OIS) in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer

PurposesTo determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended dose (RD), and activity of combined oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and S-1 chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.MethodsOxaliplatin and irinotecan were administered intravenously on day 1, and S-1 was administered orally on days 1–7, every 2xa0weeks. This phase I study used the following dose levels for oxaliplatin/irinotecan/S-1: level 1, 85/120/60xa0mg/m2; level 2, 85/120/80xa0mg/m2; level 3, 85/120/100xa0mg/m2; level 4, 85/150/100xa0mg/m2; and level 5, 85/180/100xa0mg/m2. Treatment was repeated for a maximum of 12 cycles, until disease progression, or until unacceptable toxicity.ResultsTwenty-four patients were enrolled between October 2012 and February 2014 (median age 59xa0years). During the first cycle, one of the six patients in levels 1, 3, and 4 developed a dose-limiting toxicity (grade 3 febrile neutropenia), and none of the three patients in level 5 developed a dose-limiting toxicity. As the planned maximum dose did not reach the MTD, the level 5 dose was defined as the RD. Twenty-one patients were evaluated for response, which included 2 cases of complete response and 8 cases of partial response, with an overall response rate of 47.6xa0%.ConclusionsThe combination of oxaliplatin, irinotecan, and S-1 provided an acceptable toxicity profile and modest clinical benefits in patients with advanced GI cancer. The RD was 85xa0mg/m2 of oxaliplatin, 180xa0mg/m2 of irinotecan, and 100xa0mg/m2 of S-1 every 2xa0weeks.

Increased risk of sudden sensory neural hearing loss in osteoporosis: A longitudinal follow up study.

ContextnThe results of a previous population cohort study suggested an association between osteoporosis and sudden sensory neural hearing loss (SSNHL).nnnObjectivesnTo use a nationwide cohort in the Korean population to investigate the risk of SSNHL in patients with osteoporosis.nnnDesign, Setting, and ParticipantsnData entered from 2002 to 2013 were collected from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. A total of 68,241 patients with osteoporosis aged ≥50 years were matched with 68,241 control individuals. The crude (simple) and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of SSNHL in those with osteoporosis were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model. A subgroup analysis was performed according to age and sex.nnnResultsnThe risk of SSNHL was greater in the osteoporosis group than in the control group (adjusted HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.37 to 1.78; P < 0.001). The risk of SSNHL in those with osteoporosis was greater in patients aged <60 years, regardless of sex. Women aged ≥60 years had a higher HR for SSNHL in the presence of osteoporosis (women aged 60 to 69 years: adjusted HR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.34 to 2.08; P < 0.001; women aged ≥70 years: adjusted HR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.79; P < 0.001).nnnConclusionsnThe risk of SSNHL was greater for patients with osteoporosis aged ≥50 years. Middle-age adults, as well as the elderly, are at an increased risk of SSNHL in the presence of osteoporosis.

Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Korea: A multicenter, nationwide study conducted in 2015 and 2016

The Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research has studied Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prevalence since 1998 and found a dynamic change in its prevalence in Korea. The aim of this study was to determine the recent H. pylori prevalence rate and compare it with that of previous studies according to socioeconomic variables.

Phase II study of oxaliplatin, irinotecan and S-1 therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: the Korean Cancer Study Group ST14-11

BackgroundDoublet chemotherapy of platinum and 5-fluorouracil is a standard first-line treatment for patients with unresectable gastric cancer. Although the addition of taxane or irinotecan to this regimen has yielded promising efficacy, its use has been limited due to severe toxicities. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination of irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (OIS) for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.MethodsChemotherapy-naïve patients with pathologically proven advanced gastric adenocarcinoma were assessed for eligibility. Irinotecan (135xa0mg/m2) and oxaliplatin (65xa0mg/m2) were administered intravenously on day 1, and S-1 (80xa0mg/m2/day) was administered orally on days 1–7 of every 2-week cycle.ResultsForty-four patients (median age 57xa0years) were enrolled and all but one patient had a good performance status (ECOG 0 or 1). A total of 529 cycles were administered, with a median of 9.5 (range 1–31) cycles per patient. The overall response rate was 61.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.6–74.3). The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 10.8xa0months (95% CI 7.6–14.0) and 15.4xa0months (95% CI 12.6–18.2), respectively. Major toxicities included grade 3/4 neutropenia (38.6%), febrile neutropenia (13.6%), abdominal pain (9.1%), and diarrhea (9.1%).ConclusionThese data suggest that the OIS regimen is effective and relatively well tolerated in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Given that all the patients treated, but one, had a good performance status, these results must be confirmed in a patient population more representative of regular clinical practice.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02527785.