Hyun Paek

An Improved Distributed Equivalent Circuit Modeling for RF Components by Real-Coefficient AFS Technique

In this paper, a real-coefficient approach to Adaptive Frequency Sampling (AFS) technique is developed for efficient equivalent circuit modeling of RF components. This proposed method is advantageous than the vector fitting technique and the conventional AFS method in terms of fewer samples leading to a lower order of a rational function on a given data and to a direct conversion to an equivalent circuit for PSPICE(Personal Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphsis) simulation, respectively. To validate the proposed method, the distributed equivalent circuit of a presented multi-layered RF low-pass filter is obtained using the proposed real-coefficient AFS, and then comparisons with EM simulation and circuit simulation for the device under consideration are achieved.

Creative collaborations in the design of buildings

Integrating acoustical design features in rooms that fulfill acoustical, architectural, mechanical, and other functions simultaneously requires close collaboration among design team members. The efforts involved each team member understanding the other disciplines to the extent that they could creatively interpret the work. Three case studies will highlight the advantages of this type of collaboration. Full size mock-ups, computer modeling, auralizations, and other advanced design tools assist in this process. The first is a wall panel in a large museum that is used as a spatial divider, a sound attenuating return air plenum, and a surface for exhibiting artwork. A multi-function atrium was used as the central organizing feature in another museum. Design efforts explored how sounds propagated from one level to the next could be reduced. Multi-functional, layered wall assemblies that contained variable acoustic features, sound diffusing/reflecting panels, supply and return air distribution and layers to re...

Challenges of entertainment sound in communities

There are three basic challenges of entertainment sound in communities. First is how to measure the sound. People often clearly hear individual notes of music being played, individual beats from drums, and other lower frequency percussive instruments and sounds of words sung by performers at locations away from the facility. Equivalent sound levels taken over varying periods of time, LA Fast, LA slow, and other experimental metrics will be compared with the audibility of the sounds by people at remote listening locations. Second, it is often necessary to correct the measurements for the effects of background noise when equivalent sound levels are measured because the short term transient sounds that contain the musical information have been “averaged away” and the resulting sound levels are in the vicinity of the background sounds even though the words and music are plainly audible. Third is that methods to effectively contain the sounds from outdoor amplified entertainment facilities including operationa...

The shape of sound

The work of Bertram Y. Kinzey, Jr., has influenced generations of architecture students and acousticians to visualize the sounds that become the acoustic signature of a performance or rehearsal space. His research and practice has shaped spaces we hear and listen in. Through the shaping of space, music and speech are enhanced and optimized by the addition of each curve, angle, planes, that become the unique character of the space. The sounds created on stages of theaters, concert halls, worship platforms, or lecterns are reflected, directed, and propagated to enhance the experience of the listener. Striving to achieve the perfect impulse response, we have learned from Bertram Kinzey that the acoustician’s work is not unlike the work of a sculptor, an interior designer, or an architect. Each surface and each texture on the surface has a purpose and a meaning to its existence.

An exploration of the urban design possibilities offered by soundscape theory

The basic concepts of soundscape theory including soundmarks which are the acoustical equivalent of landmarks, keynote sounds which are the typical sounds in a vicinity; and sound signals or the specific acoustic events that comprise the ambient sound were presented by Schafer (1977) and Truax (2001). These concepts offer ways to document, analyze, and design the acoustical qualities of urban places similar to the way that the concepts developed by Kevin Lynch in the Image of the City (1960) did for the visual character of cities. The urban design potential of soundscape theory lies in identifying the ecological relationships linking sources of sounds, prospective listeners of sounds, and the “coloration” of the sounds by the urban environment that gives unique identities to localities within a city. An acoustical community is formed by the parties who are related by the need for various forms of tangible and intangible communication in an urban setting. Case studies of an entertainment district in a city...

The interactive multipurpose performing arts hall

Each multipurpose performing arts hall has a unique acoustic signature. The success of a modern multipurpose hall relies on how the disciplines of architecture, interior design, stage lighting and rigging systems, and acoustical design are coordinated to very small tolerances. The shaping and finish materials are integrated both visually and with precision to create the sound field of the room to accommodate a variety of venues. Two case studies are presented. The first is a 1000 seat multipurpose performance hall in central Florida which accommodates the use of variable acoustics, a specially designed orchestral shell, stage lift, and all visible interior spaces sculpted to provide richness of both amplified and natural acoustics. The second is a performance hall for a magnet high school for the performing arts in western Georgia that has undulating waves of aesthetically integrated panels on the walls that provides a stunning multipurpose space even with economic constraints. The case studies present di...

Soundscape analysis and modeling of outdoor gathering spaces

Case studies of three outdoor gathering spaces will be presented to illustrate the soundscape concepts embodied in each. Case study 1 is an outdoor amphitheater that is located near a residential neighborhood. Concerts at the amphitheater raised concerns from residents about acoustical measuring methods. Case study 2 is a lively restaurant with a large outdoor seating area where guests eat and listen to music played by a single performer or small group. Case study 3 is a series of outdoor restaurants that do not have live entertainment. The use of different types of soundwalks to capture the acoustical signature of these venues; the acoustical communities involved in each situation; taxonomies of the sounds that occur at each; the specific acoustical events that comprise the ambient sound in each case; acoustical measurements and modeling used in the analysis of each venue; the extent of the acoustical rooms for performing and listening; an acoustical calendar; the design of the acoustical interventions; ...

Uses of soundwalks in computer modeling of soundscapes during the design process

This paper presents a case study of the use of soundwalks to gather data for computer simulations of complex soundscapes while they are being designed. A soundwalk is a process where people enter an existing soundscape for listening, observation, measurement, recording or evaluation. This project is for a new mixed use urban center. Studies were undertaken to investigate the soundscape of this new community both within the community itself as well as outside the community while it was being designed. Soundwalks were taken through existing communities with similar buildings, urban spaces and infrastructure to those being proposed in the design. Acoustical measurements made during the soundwalks of specific acoustic events that occurred in the communities were used as input data for sound sources in a large, three dimensional computer model of the site and its environs. The model was used to estimate future sound levels from the mix of activities in the new community. Aural recordings of the specific acoust...

Case studies of a method to integrate architectural acoustic and sound systems design

A method to evaluate the integrated architectural acoustic and reinforced sound systems for medium to large size worship and performance spaces using computer modeling of the systems for new facilities and diagnostic impulse response based measurements in existing rooms is presented. Four case studies of varying degrees of design integration of architectural acoustic and sound systems are presented to illustrate the method. Case study 1 is a divisible multi-purpose worship space. The sound system equipment and design was done without considering the acoustical design of the room. It was decided to re-use the existing equipment and adjust the aiming and programming of the system to fit the acoustics and architecture of the room to optimize the balance of natural and reinforced sounds. The second case study covers the design of a theater with a distributed array system to reinforce theatrical and musical sounds on stage. The third case study covers the installation of a new sound system in a large worship s...

Case studies of adaptive acoustical reuse of three historic buildings.

Case studies of the acoustical reuse of three historic buildings all included on the National Register of Historic Places will be presented. Case study 1 is a university library space that was reused as a small performance hall and meeting room. Acoustical interventions in the renovation were extremely limited. Innovative diffusing panels were custom designed and fabricated to fit within existing wood panel dimensions on the walls of the performance area. Sound absorbing materials that had to match the color and dimensions of existing materials were also strategically added to the space. Case study 2 is the conversion of a medium sized church to a performance hall. Impulse response measurements showed sound focusing difficulties in the existing building that had to be reduced through the strategic insertion of sound diffusing systems. Case study 3 was the conversion of old university buildings into state of the art classrooms and faculty offices. The integration of modern air‐conditioning systems as well ...