I Made Suastika

DHARMA AND ADHARMA DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE PANDAWA AND WIRATA FIGURES IN THE KICAKA GEGURITAN TEXT

The epic tale of Mahabharata in the Old Javanese language contains various values, several of which are conveyed through its figures especially Pandawa and Korawa. The value of dharma is addressed through Pandawa who always has a quality of being good, honest, and courageous, with courteous behavior in speaking and actions. The Korawa figure more dominantly expresses adharma such as being less praiseworthy, coarse, with an evil disposition, wanting to dominate and get rid of his brothers on the Pandawa side, moreover even not hesitating to wish to kill them. The Kicaka Geguritan text in the Balinese language, from the Wirataparwa section of the Mahabharata, often reveals the value of dharma and adharma through the figures of Pandawa and from the Wirata kingdom. The author of the Kicaka Geguritan has a dialogue about these values when the figure of Pandawa is in a condition of suffering and alienates himself from the Wirata kingdom. In that episode, Pandawa receives less praiseworthy treatment and is hegemonized by the figures from the kingdom. Through the figure of Yudistira and others the teachings of dharma, also known as darma sadu, are expressed in their thought, speech, and action when dealing with other figures. Therefore, this paper will present the qualities of dharma and adharma as manifested by the figures in the Kicaka Geguritan while also showing that sasuluh awareness of dharma is conveyed through reading geguritan texts in Bali.

The Process Of Transforming The Mahabharata Literary Work Written In The Old Javanese Into Geguritan Sarpayajnya And Geguritan Kicaka Written In The Balinese Language

The story of the Pandawas and their wife in Wirata was used as the plot of the geguritanKicakawhich was initially transformed from Wirataparwa in the form of Parwa. The only episode which was transformed into geguritan written in the Balinese language is the one narrating when the Pandawas were in disguise for one year . In this episode the love story of their wife, Drupadi, who was disguised as Sairindriis also narrated. In this episode it is also narrated that the Chief Minister , Kicaka, would like to have her as his wife. However , the Chief Minister , Kicaka, was killed by Bima, who was disguised as Ballawa, meaning that the love story came to an end. From the language point of view , the episode telling that the Pandawas were in Wirata was transformed into GeguritanKicaka written in the Balinese language. In addition, although the text was dynamically translated, many Old Javanese words are still used in the Balinese version. Similarly, geguritan Sarpayajaya dopted the episode of Sarpayajnya of Adiparwa; however , the plot was modified again using thestrophes pangkur , dangdanggula , sinom and durma and was introduced using the Balinese language. It is narrated that King Parikesit was bitten and killed by a snake named Taksaka. Consequently , his son, Janamejaya, performed a ritual known as Sarpayajaya, causing all the snakes to die. From the cultural point of view , th text is recited as part of the performing art and the art of music ‘magegitan’ in Bali. The text Sarpayajayaisrecited as part of the cremation ceremony ‘ngaben’ known as mamutru.