I.V. Kolykhalov

Autoantibodies to β-Amyloid and Neurotransmitters in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease and Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer Type

The content of autoantibodies to β-amyloid protein Aβ1-42, its neurotoxic fragment Aβ25-35, and neurotransmitters were studied in the blood of patients with presenile Alzheimers disease and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. Significant differences in the relative content of autoantibodies to Aβ1-42 and autoantibodies to biogenic amines were demonstrated. These results can be used for the development of a biochemical method for differential diagnosis of Alzheimer dementias.

Content of Autoantibodies to Bradykinin and β-Amyloid1-42 as a Criterion for Biochemical Differences between Alzheimer's Dementias

We measured serum content of autoantibodies to β-amyloid protein Aβ1-42, its neurotoxic fragment Aβ25-35, vasopressin, bradykinin, thrombin, antithrombin III, α2-macroglobulin, and angiotensin II in patients with various forms of Alzheimers dementias, including presenile and senile dementias of the Alzheimer type. The ratio of antibradykinin and anti-Aβ1-42 autoantibody contents differed by 39% in these patients. Our results can be used for the development of a new biochemical method for differential diagnostics of dementias of the Alzheimer type.

The quantitative EEG in early and differential diagnosis of mild dementia of different genesis

Quantitative EEG was used to reveal the specific features of its amplitude-frequency parameters and topography in patients with mild dementia of different genesis versus healthy elderly individuals. All four study groups of patients differ in EEC relative spectral density, they also differ from the healthy persons while alpharhythm was suppressed in Alzheimers disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VD) and there was slower alpha-rhythm and higher theta-activity in senile AD (SAD). Patients with VD were characterized by desynchronized EEG. Factorial and stepwise discriminant analyses of EEG parameters showed that the control group greatly differed from patients with mild dementias. Patient groups mainly with atrophic atrophic AD and SAD or vascular (VD and mixed) dementia were also different whereas the mixed vascular-atrophic group is intermediate in EEC parameters between the VD group and the partially overlapped AD and SDA patient groups. Quantitative EEC data may be thus used for differential diagnosis to optimize therapy and prognosis even in mild dementia.