I. Yu. Filatov

Design of electrodes based on a carbon nanofiber nonwoven material for the membrane electrode assembly of a polybenzimidazole-membrane fuel cell

23 The creation of electrodes for hydrogen–air fuel cells with a polymer electrolyte membrane is a com plex challenge, both fundamental, and scientific and technical. Increase in the fuel cell efficiency directly depends on the quality of the electrodes. Whereas the heart of such a fuel cell is usually believed to be a pro ton conducting membrane, the drive of the fuel cell should be considered to be carbon gas diffusion elec trodes (GDEs) containing nanosized platinum parti cles as an electrocatalyst. Approaches to designing GDEs are quite versatile, but generally reduce to the application of a catalytic ink (aqueous dispersions of perfluoropolymers and electrocatalysts (Pt/C)) to a carbon paper or tissue with a perfluorinated hydro phobic microporous layer [1, 2].

Development of production technology for non-woven filtering materials for monitoring atmospheric aerosols at RF radionuclide stations

Pilot technology for electrospinning non-woven filtering materials from polymer solutions based on polystyrene and polymethylmethacrylate was developed.

Development of a locally anesthetizing wound dressing based on eudragit RS ultrathin fibers

It was demonstrated that a locally anesthesizing dressing material based on the amine-containing copolymer Eudragit RS could be prepared by electrospinning. The dependences of the electrical conductivity and dynamic viscosity of binary solutions of Eudragit RS and lidocaine in EtOH on concentration were established. The kinetics of lidocaine release from Eudragit RS fibers into an aqueous medium were determined. The influence of copolymer fiber diameter and content of local anesthetic lidocaine in it on the duration of the release was found. It was shown that the obtained locally anesthesizing dressing material based on Eudragit RS provided timed-release of the drug.

Electrospun Fibrous Materials Made of Collagen and Chitin Derivatives

Spinning of nano- and microfibers from solutions of collagen hydrolysate, dibutyrylchitin, and their mixtures was studied under various conditions. Various electrospinning methods (electrocapillary, electrocentrifugal, Nanospider™) were compared and analyzed. Promising applications of non-woven materials in medicine and health and for clothing and shoe production were demonstrated.

Structural Characteristics of Blood Leukocyte-Filtration Material Produced by Electrospinning

Polymer—solvent systems for producing fibrous material for blood leukocyte filtration were selected. Electrospinning of the material was investigated. Its structure was characterized.

Use of water-soluble polymers for electrospinning processing

Ultra-thin fibers based on polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, and their mixed composites were prepared. The principal characteristics of the solutions and parameters of a stable electrospinning process for fibers and nanofibrous materials were found.

Electrospinning of fibrous materials from modified polyurethane solutions

The effects of spinning solution parameters on electrospinning of fibrous and nanofibrous materials from polyurethane solutions were studied.

Electroforming of Nitrogen-Containing Polymers and Derived Nonfabric Nanofibre Carbon Materials

This is the first report of nonfabric nanofibre materials derived from polyheteroarylenes and polyacrylonitrile obtained by electroforming (electrospinning). Feasibility was demonstrated for the pyrolysis of the starting nonfabric nanofibre materials with retention of integrity and sufficient strength in order to obtain derived nanostructural carbon materials suitable for use in electrochemical devices.

Role of Macromolecular Factor in Polymer Solution Electrospinning Process

The problems associated with theoretical concepts of electrospinning and determination of the influence of macromolecular factor (precisely molecular mass), molecular mass distribution, chain flexibility, and solution quality on electrospinning are studied. This concept is pitted against the previously known theory supporting decisive influence of electrophysical properties of solutions without regard for the nature of the dissolved substances, including polymers. The domestic and foreign works confirming the chosen concept are reviewed. Various empirical models that allow prediction of transition of electrospraying process to process of electrospinning of defect-free fibres are proposed.

Thermal Destruction of Nonwoven Filter Materials from Polystyrene and Polymethyl Methacrylate

Thermal destruction of nonwoven filter materials from polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate for analysis of atmospheric aerosols at radionuclide stations of the Russian Federation is investigated.