Ichiro Sekine

The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors' Tumor Tissue Bank

1738 www.thelancet.com Vol 386 October 31, 2015 3 Moulder JE, Cohen EP. Renal dysfunction after total body irradiation: dose-eff ect relationship: in regard to Kal and van Kempen-Harteveld. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 67: 319. 4 Sera N, Hida A, Imaizumi M, Nakashima E, Akahoshi M. The association between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease risk factors in atomic bomb survivors. Radiat Res 2013; 179: 46–52. 5 Go AS, Chertow GM, Fan D, McCulloch CE, Hsu CY. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1296–305. Tumor Tissue Bank for future analysis. Samples from 485 atomic bomb survivors have been collected so far, and the high quality and quantity of DNA and RNA extracted from the samples enable genomic analysis. We have previously reported a higher incidence of multiple primary cancers in atomic bomb survivors, particularly in those who were youngest at the time of and closest to the explosions, and others have reported a higher risk of myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple cancers in atomic bomb survivors. The Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors’ Tumor Tissue Bank will help radiation research, promote worldwide collaboration, and enhance our understanding of the late-onset eff ects of radiation on carcinogenesis at the molecular level. Use of the tissue bank could provide information for the prediction, prevention, and treatment of cancer in both atomic bomb survivors and the individuals affected by the Fukushima nuclear power plant incident.