In Aparna

Dentinogenic Ghost Cell Tumor of the Peripheral Variant Mimicking Epulis

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumor (DGCT) is an uncommon locally invasive odontogenic tumor regarded by many as a variant of calcifying odontogenic cyst. The peripheral variant of this clinical rarity appears as a well-circumscribed mass mimicking a nonspecific gingival enlargement. Microscopic appearance of odontogenic epithelium admixed with focal areas of dentinoid formation and sheets of ghost cells giving the definitive diagnosis of dentinogenic ghost cell tumor imply that microscopic examination is compulsory for any gingival mass. Van Gieson histochemical stain further confirmed the nature of dentinoid-like material. A complete workup of a case of peripheral dentinogenic ghost cell tumor is presented in this paper and the current concept as well as the appraisal of literature is presented.

Validation of implant stability: a measure of implant permanence.

Implant stability is a requisite characteristic of osseointegration. Without it, long-term success cannot be achieved. Continuous monitoring in a quantitative and objective manner is important to determine the status of implant stability. Measurement of implant stability is a valuable tool for making decisions pertaining to treatment protocol and also improves dentist-patient communication. Owing to the invasive nature of histological analysis, various others methods have been proposed like radiographs, cutting torque resistance, reverse torque, modal analysis, resonance frequency analysis and Implatest® . This review focuses on objectives and various methods to evaluate implant stability.

Implant crest module: A review of biomechanical considerations

The success of dental implants has long been established through various studies with a particular emphasis laid on an implant design. Crest module is that portion of a two-piece metal dental implant, designed to hold the prosthetic components in place and to create a transition zone to the load bearing implant body. Its design, position in relation to the alveolar crest, and an abutment implant interface makes us believe that, it has a major role in integration to both hard and soft tissues. Unfortunately, in most clinical conditions, early tissue breakdown leading to soft tissue and hard tissue loss begins at this region. Early crestal bone loss is usually highest during the first year after placement ranging from 0.9 to 1.6mm and averaged 0.05-0.13 mm in the subsequent years . Various hypotheses have been stated to reason it however, none has been proved convincingly. In light of this, various attempts have been made to overcome this undesirable bone loss, by varying an implant design, the position, surgical protocol, and the prosthetic options. Irrespective of an implant system and designs that are used, crestal bone loss of up to the first thread is often observed. The purpose of this review is to look into the various designs and treatment modalities, which have been introduced into the crest module of an implant body to achieve the best biomechanical and esthetic result.

Effect of comonomer of methacrylic acid on flexural strength and adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus to heat polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) resin: An in vitro study

Aims and Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare flexural strength and Staphylococcus aureus adhesion of heat-activated poly (methyl methacrylate [MMA]) resin modified with a comonomer of methacrylic acid (MAA) and MMA monomer. Materials and Methods: Comonomer preparation was done with the addition of varying concentration of MAA (0, 15, 20, and 25 wt %) to the MMA of conventional heat-activated denture base resin to prepare the specimens. Prepared specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 1 day and 1 week before the evaluation of flexural strength and microbial adhesion. Flexural strength was measured using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed for 2 mm/min (n = 10). Microbial adhesion (colony-forming unit [CFU]) was evaluated against S. aureus using a quadrant streaking method (n = 5). Data were subjected to one-way ANOVA, and the significant differences among the results were subjected to Tukeys HSD test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Addition of MAA to the MMA monomer was found to significantly reduce the adhesion of S. aureus for all the groups. Reduction of CFU of S. aureus was found be more significant for Group 3 as compared to control, both at 1-day (P < 0.001) and 1-week (P < 0.002) storage in distilled water. However, no statistically significant changes in the flexural strength were observed with the addition of MAA at 1-day (P = 0.52) and 1-week (P = 0.88) time interval. Conclusion: Addition of MAA to conventional denture base resin reduced the microbial adhesion without significantly affecting the flexural strength.

Three‐Dimensional Orientation of Iris in an Ocular Prosthesis Using a Customized Scale

The success of an ocular prosthesis depends largely on the correct orientation of the iris disk. Various methods have been put forth to achieve this. This article emphasizes one such simplified method, wherein a customized scale has been used to orient the iris disk mediolaterally, superoinferiorly, and anteroposteriorly in an ocular prosthesis. A scleral wax pattern was fabricated. The customized scale was used to measure the dimension and orientation of the natural iris. These measurements were then transferred to the scleral wax pattern with the customized scale. An iris disk was fabricated using black crayon on the scleral wax pattern according to the measurements. The scleral wax pattern, including the iris disk, was then placed in the eye socket to verify its dimension and orientation. A prefabricated iris disk was modified according to the measured dimensions and transferred to the final scleral wax pattern. The transfer of these dimensions to the definitive prosthesis was achieved successfully, ultimately improving the patients social and psychological well being.

Fabrication of a Surgical Splint in an Emergency Situation: A Clinical Report

Fractures involving pediatric jaws most often require a splint to prevent the fragments from being displaced; however, impression making presents a challenge. This article describes the fabrication of a surgical splint over an ideal cast, which is subsequently refitted with a tissue conditioner onto the patients jaw. The highlight of this technique is the elimination of an impression procedure, thereby reducing clinical and laboratory time and easing pain in the child.Fractures involving pediatric jaws most often require a splint to prevent the fragments from being displaced; however, impression making presents a challenge. This article describes the fabrication of a surgical splint over an ideal cast, which is subsequently refitted with a tissue conditioner onto the patients jaw. The highlight of this technique is the elimination of an impression procedure, thereby reducing clinical and laboratory time and easing pain in the child.

An innovative technique to restore velopharyngeal incompetency for a patient with cleft lip and palate.

Treatment of cleft lip and palate patients often demand well-coordinated work of medical and dental specialists. In spite of surgical and orthodontic therapy, prosthetic rehabilitation is always necessary because of partial anadontia, maxillary hypoplasia and velopharyngeal dysfuction. The aim of the prosthetic treatment is to improve aesthetics, function and speech of the patients; however, factors like underdeveloped and collapsed maxillary arch, retrognathic maxilla and reduced alveolar ridge height make the treatment challenging. This clinical report describes an interdisciplinary approach for the management of cleft lip and palate patient associated with mutilated dentition. The prosthetic phase began along with orthodontic treatment to achieve sufficient space distribution, which was restored with fixed dental prosthesis to stabilise the achieved status of occlusion. Palatal lift prosthesis was fabricated to restore the velopharyngeal incompetency with an innovative technique using ‘standard orthodontic expansion screw’ to eliminate hypernasality, decrease intelligibility of speech and to aid in deglutition.

Prosthetic rehabilitation of hemimandibulectomy defect with removable partial denture prosthesis using an attachment-retained guiding flange

The restoration of normal function and esthetics is often challenging in the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with hemimandibulectomy defects due to unstable occlusion and mandibular deviation. The extensive period of time for completion of healing of the reconstructed mandible through reconstructive plastic surgery and/or implant-assisted prosthesis may compromise the masticatory function by causing delay in the fabrication of definitive prosthesis. This case report describes a novel technique for the construction of customized attachment-retained mandibular guiding flange prosthesis for immediate rectification of the frontal plane rotation occurring after hemimandibulectomy.

Prosthetic Management of Total Glossectomy Patients

Corresponding Author: Dhanasekar Balakrishnan, Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India Phone:+919742444184, e-mail: docdhana@hotmail.com ABSTRACT Background: Total glossectomy impairs various functions of tongue, such as mastication, speech, swallowing, and also results in psychological breach for the patient during social activities. In a glossectomy patient, the new size of the oral cavity often produces a change in the resonance associated with certain sounds. Also, due to the decrease in size and function of the tongue, interruption occurs in articulation patterns between the tongue, the hard and soft palate, and the teeth.

Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of a geriatric patient with cleft palate: a case report.

Cleft palate defect with complete edentulism in elderly patients presents a prosthodontic challenge for complete denture fabrication. Such large defects are very difficult to restore by surgical intervention and have direct consequence on such functions as mastication and speech, on aesthetics, and on the patients mental attitude. This article describes a case report in which a 76-year-old female patient underwent restoration with a closed hollow bulb obturator for a large cleft palate defect.