Irene Guijt

Landscapes and livelihoods: Environmental and socioeconomic dimensions of small-scale irrigation

Abstract This paper begins with an analysis of irrigation interventions and a summary of the characteristics and scope of small-scale irrigation. Attention is then turned to the importance of understanding landscape complexity and value when small-scale irrigation is being considered as a development option. This is followed by an examination of the significance of understanding the livelihood strategies of water users. It is asserted that both concepts — landscapes and livelihoods — will help us to assess possible directions for future development of small-scale irrigation. The paper concludes with a discussion of the practical contribution that participatory research and planning approaches and economic valuation techniques can make to this process.

Primary environmental care: an alternative paradigm for development assistance

Primary environmental care: an alternative paradigm for development assistance examines the process by which local groups or communities organize themselves so as to apply their skills and knowledge to the care of natural resources and environment while satisfying livelihood needs. It stress environment and development aspects given little attention within many global debates on this issue: combining ecological sustainability with meeting the livelihood needs of poorer groups.