Network


Latest external collaboration on country level. Dive into details by clicking on the dots.

Hotspot


Dive into the research topics where Irene Latorre is active.

Publication


Featured researches published by Irene Latorre.


Clinical and Vaccine Immunology | 2008

Comparison of Two Commercially Available Gamma Interferon Blood Tests for Immunodiagnosis of Tuberculosis

J. Domínguez; Juan Ruiz-Manzano; Malú De Souza-Galvão; Irene Latorre; Celia Milà; Silvia Blanco; M. Ángeles Jiménez; Cristina Prat; Alicia Lacoma; Neus Altet; Vicente Ausina

ABSTRACT We evaluated the T-SPOT.TB and Quantiferon-TB Gold In tube (QFN-G-IT) tests for diagnosing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. T-SPOT.TB was more sensitive than QFN-G-IT in diagnosing both active and latent infection. Both gamma interferon tests were unaffected by prior Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination. Among children who were not BCG vaccinated but had a positive tuberculin skin test, QFN-G-IT was negative in 53.3% of cases, and T-SPOT.TB was negative in 50% of cases.


Chest | 2009

Performance of tests for latent tuberculosis in different groups of immunocompromised patients.

Luca Richeldi; Monica Losi; Roberto D'Amico; Mario Luppi; Angela Ferrari; Cristina Mussini; M. Codeluppi; S. Cocchi; Francesca Prati; Valentina Paci; Marisa Meacci; Barbara Meccugni; Fabio Rumpianesi; Pietro Roversi; Stefania Cerri; Fabrizio Luppi; Giovanni Ferrara; Irene Latorre; Giorgio Enrico Gerunda; Giuseppe Torelli; Roberto Esposito; Leonardo M. Fabbri

BACKGROUND Immunocompromised persons infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) have increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) reactivation, but their management is hampered by the occurrence of false-negative results of the tuberculin skin test (TST). The T-cell interferon (IFN)-gamma release blood assays T-SPOT.TB (TS.TB) [Oxford Immunotec; Abingdon, UK] and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT) [Cellestis Ltd; Carnegie, VIC, Australia] might improve diagnostic accuracy for latent TB infection (LTBI) in high-risk persons, although their performance in different groups of immunocompromised patients is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Over a 1-year period, we prospectively enrolled patients in three different immunosuppressed groups, as follows: 120 liver transplantation candidates (LTCs); 116 chronically HIV-infected persons; and 95 patients with hematologic malignancies (HMs). TST, TS.TB, and QFT-IT were simultaneously performed, their results were compared, and intertest agreement was evaluated. Overall, TST provided fewer positive results (10.9%) than TS.TB (18.4%; p < 0.001) and QFT-IT (15.1%; p = 0.033). Significantly fewer HIV-infected individuals had at least one positive test (9.5%) compared with LTCs (35.8%; p < 0.001) and patients with HMs (29.5%; p < 0.001). Diagnostic agreement between tests was moderate (kappa = 0.40 to 0.65) and decreased in the HIV-infected group when the results of the TS.TB were compared with either TST (kappa = 0.16) or QFT-IT (kappa = 0.19). Indeterminate blood test results due to low positive control values were significantly more frequent with QFT-IT (7.2%) than with TS.TB (0.6%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Blood tests identified significantly more patients as being infected with MTB than TST, although diagnostic agreement varied across groups. Based on these results, we recommend tailoring application of the new blood IFN-gamma assays for LTBI in different high-risk groups and advise caution in their current use in immunosuppressed patients.


American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | 2009

Bronchoalveolar lavage enzyme-linked immunospot for a rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis: A Tuberculosis Network European Trialsgroup study

Claudia Jafari; Steven Thijsen; Giovanni Sotgiu; Delia Goletti; José Antonio Domínguez Benítez; Monica Losi; Ralf Eberhardt; D. Kirsten; Barbara Kalsdorf; Aik Bossink; Irene Latorre; Giovanni Battista Migliori; Alan Strassburg; Susanne Winteroll; Ulf Greinert; Luca Richeldi; Martin Ernst; Christoph Lange

RATIONALE The rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is difficult when acid fast bacilli (AFB) cannot be detected in sputum smears. OBJECTIVES Following a proof of principle study, we examined in routine clinical practice whether individuals with sputum AFB smear-negative TB can be discriminated from those with latent TB infection by local immunodiagnosis with a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay. METHODS Subjects suspected of having active TB who were unable to produce sputum or with AFB-negative sputum smears were prospectively enrolled at Tuberculosis Network European Trialsgroup centers in Europe. ELISpot with early-secretory-antigenic-target-6 and culture-filtrate-protein-10 peptides was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and bronchoalveolar lavage mononuclear cells (BALMCs). M. tuberculosis-specific nucleic acid amplification (NAAT) was performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Seventy-one of 347 (20.4%) patients had active TB. Out of 276 patients who had an alternative diagnosis, 127 (46.0%) were considered to be latently infected with M. tuberculosis by a positive PBMC ELISpot result. The sensitivity and specificity of BALMC ELISpot for the diagnosis of active pulmonary TB were 91 and 80%, respectively. The BALMC ELISpot (diagnostic odds ratio [OR], 40.4) was superior to PBMC ELISpot (OR, 10.0), tuberculin skin test (OR, 7.8), and M. tuberculosis specific NAAT (OR, 12.4) to diagnose sputum AFB smear-negative TB. In contrast to PBMC ELISpot and tuberculin skin test, the BALMC ELISpot was not influenced by previous history of TB. CONCLUSIONS Bronchoalveolar lavage ELISpot is an important advancement to rapidly distinguish sputum AFB smear-negative TB from latent TB infection in routine clinical practice.


PLOS ONE | 2008

Accuracy of Immunodiagnostic Tests for Active Tuberculosis Using Single and Combined Results: A Multicenter TBNET-Study

Delia Goletti; Carrara Stefania; Ornella Butera; Massimo Amicosante; Martin Ernst; Ilaria Sauzullo; Vincenzo Vullo; Daniela M. Cirillo; Emanuele Borroni; Roumiana Markova; Roumiana Drenska; J. Domínguez; Irene Latorre; Claudio Angeletti; Assunta Navarra; Nicola Petrosillo; Francesco Lauria; Giuseppe Ippolito; Giovanni Battista Migliori; Christoph Lange; Enrico Girardi

Background The clinical application of IFN-γ release assays (IGRAs) has recently improved the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection. In a multicenter study of the Tuberculosis Network European Trialsgroup (TBNET) we aimed to ascertain in routine clinical practice the accuracy of a novel assay using selected peptides encoded in the mycobacterial genomic region of difference (RD) 1 for the diagnosis of active tuberculosis in comparison with tuberculin skin test (TST), QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube (Cellestis Ltd., Carnegie, Australia) and T-SPOT.TB (Oxfordimmunotec, Abingdon, UK). Principal Findings 425 individuals from 6 different European centres were prospectively enrolled. We found that sensitivity of the novel test, TST, QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB was respectively 73.1%, 85.3%, 78.1%, and 85.2%; specificity was respectively 70.6%, 48.0%, 61.9% and 44.3%; positive likelihood ratios were respectively 2.48, 1.64, 2.05, and 1.53; negative likelihood ratios were respectively 0.38, 0.31, 0.35, 0.33. Sensitivity of TST combined with the novel test, QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB increased up to 92.4%, 97.7% and 97.1%, respectively. The likelihood ratios of combined negative results of TST with, respectively, the novel test, QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube and T-SPOT.TB were 0.19, 0.07 and 0.10. Conclusions The assay based on RD1 selected peptides has similar accuracy for active tuberculosis compared with TST and commercial IGRAs. Then, independently of the spectrum of antigens used in the assays to elicit mycobacterial specific immune responses, the novel test, IGRAs, and the TST do not allow an accurate identification of active tuberculosis in clinical practice. However, the combined use of the novel assay or commercial IGRAs with TST may allow exclusion of tuberculosis.


American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | 2014

Risk Assessment of Tuberculosis in Immunocompromised Patients. A TBNET Study

Martina Sester; Frank van Leth; Judith Bruchfeld; Dragos Bumbacea; Daniela M. Cirillo; Asli Gorek Dilektasli; J. Domínguez; Raquel Duarte; Martin Ernst; Fusun Oner Eyuboglu; Irini Gerogianni; Enrico Girardi; Delia Goletti; Jean-Paul Janssens; Inger Julander; Berit Lange; Irene Latorre; Monica Losi; Roumiana Markova; Alberto Matteelli; Heather Milburn; Pernille Ravn; Theresia Scholman; Paola M. Soccal; Marina Straub; Dirk Wagner; Timo Wolf; Aslihan Yalcin; Christoph Lange

RATIONALE In the absence of active tuberculosis, a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) result defines latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although test results may vary depending on immunodeficiency. OBJECTIVES This study compared the performance of TST and IGRAs in five different groups of immunocompromised patients, and evaluated their ability to identify those at risk for development of tuberculosis. METHODS Immunocompromised patients with HIV infection, chronic renal failure, rheumatoid arthritis, solid-organ or stem-cell transplantation, and healthy control subjects were evaluated head-to-head by the TST, QuantiFERON-TB-Gold in-tube test (ELISA), and T-SPOT.TB test (enzyme-linked immunospot) at 17 centers in 11 European countries. Development of tuberculosis was assessed during follow-up. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Frequencies of positive test results varied from 8.7 to 15.9% in HIV infection (n = 768), 25.3 to 30.6% in chronic renal failure (n = 270), 25.0% to 37.2% in rheumatoid arthritis (n = 199), 9.0 to 20.0% in solid-organ transplant recipients (n = 197), 0% to 5.8% in stem-cell transplant recipients (n = 103), and 11.2 to 15.2% in immunocompetent control subjects (n = 211). Eleven patients (10 with HIV infection and one solid-organ transplant recipient) developed tuberculosis during a median follow-up of 1.8 (interquartile range, 0.2-3.0) years. Six of the 11 patients had a negative or indeterminate test result in all three tests at the time of screening. Tuberculosis incidence was generally low, but higher in HIV-infected individuals with a positive TST (3.25 cases per 100 person-years) than with a positive ELISA (1.31 cases per 100 person-years) or enzyme-linked immunospot result (1.78 cases per 100 person-years). No cases of tuberculosis occurred in patients who received preventive chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Among immunocompromised patients evaluated in this study, progression toward tuberculosis was highest in HIV-infected individuals and was poorly predicted by TST or IGRAs. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00707317).


Tuberculosis | 2011

A multicentre evaluation of the accuracy and performance of IP-10 for the diagnosis of infection with M. tuberculosis

Morten Ruhwald; J. Domínguez; Irene Latorre; Monica Losi; Luca Richeldi; Maria Bruna Pasticci; Rosanna Mazzolla; Delia Goletti; Ornella Butera; Judith Bruchfeld; Hans Gaines; Irini Gerogianni; Tamara Tuuminen; Giovanni Ferrara; Jesper Eugen-Olsen; Pernille Ravn

IP-10 has potential as a diagnostic marker for infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, with comparable accuracy to QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT-IT). The aims were to assess the sensitivity and specificity of IP-10, and to evaluate the impact of co-morbidity on IP-10 and QFT-IT. 168 cases with active TB, 101 healthy controls and 175 non-TB patients were included. IP-10 and IFN-γ were measured in plasma of QFT-IT stimulated whole blood and analyzed using previously determined algorithms. A subgroup of 48 patients and 70 healthy controls was tested in parallel with T-SPOT.TB IP-10 and QFT-IT had comparable accuracy. Sensitivity was 81% and 84% with a specificity of 97% and 100%, respectively. Combining IP-10 and QFT-IT improved sensitivity to 87% (p < 0.0005), with a specificity of 97%. T-SPOT.TB was more sensitive than QFT-IT, but not IP-10. Among non-TB patients IP-10 had a higher rate of positive responders (35% vs 27%, p < 0.02) and for both tests a positive response was associated with relevant risk factors. IFN-γ but not IP-10 responses to mitogen stimulation were reduced in patients with TB and non-TB infection. This study confirms and validates previous findings and adds substance to IP-10 as a novel diagnostic marker for infection with M. tuberculosis. IP-10 appeared less influenced by infections other than TB; further studies are needed to test the clinical impact of these findings.


Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease | 2009

T-cell responses to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens in active tuberculosis patients at the beginning, during, and after antituberculosis treatment.

J. Domínguez; Malú De Souza-Galvão; Juan Ruiz-Manzano; Irene Latorre; Cristina Prat; Alicia Lacoma; Celia Milà; María Ángeles Jiménez; Silvia Blanco; J. Maldonado; Neus Altet; Vicente Ausina

The objectives of the study were to assess the performance of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFN-G-IT) and the T-SPOT.TB tests in the immunodiagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) in adult patients, and to study the T-cell interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) responses during treatment and in patients who have recovered after curative treatment and self-healed TB patients. When only analyzing patients included at the beginning of treatment, the sensitivity was 83.3% for T-SPOT.TB and 69.4% for QFN-G-IT. In contrast, when evaluating patients during treatment, the sensitivity of the T-SPOT.TB and QFN-G-IT decreased to 69.8% and 48.8%, respectively. The response to the specific antigens increased after finishing the treatment compared with the values during the treatment. The T-SPOT.TB was more sensitive in diagnosing active TB than the QFN-G-IT. The IFN-gamma tests could be used as a complementary method in the diagnosis of active TB.


American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | 2015

Risk Assessment of Tuberculosis in Contacts by IFN-γ Release Assays. A Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group Study

Jean-Pierre Zellweger; Giovanni Sotgiu; Michael Block; Simone Dore; Neus Altet; Rebecca Blunschi; Matthias Bogyi; Graham Bothamley; Christina Bothe; Luigi Codecasa; Patrizia Costa; J. Domínguez; Raquel Duarte; Andreas Fløe; Isabelle Fresard; José María García-García; Delia Goletti; Petra Halm; Doris Hellwig; Eveline Henninger; Helga Heykes-Uden; Liane Horn; Katarzyna Kruczak; Irene Latorre; Geneviève Pache; Heidrun Rath; Felix C. Ringshausen; Asunción Seminario Ruiz; Ivan Solovic; Maria Luiza de Souza-Galvão

RATIONALE Latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is defined by a positive IFN-γ release assay (IGRA) result in the absence of active tuberculosis. Only few, mostly monocentric studies have evaluated the role of IGRAs to predict the development of tuberculosis in recent contacts in low-incidence countries of tuberculosis. OBJECTIVES To analyze IGRA results and the effect of preventive chemotherapy on tuberculosis progression rates among recent contacts. METHODS Results from contact investigations at 26 centers in 10 European countries including testing for latent infection with M. tuberculosis by the QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT) test or the T-SPOT.TB (TSPOT) were prospectively collected and analyzed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Among 5,020 contacts of 1,023 index cases, 25 prevalent secondary cases were identified at screening. Twenty-four incident cases occurred among 4,513 contacts during 12,326 years of cumulative follow-up. In those with a positive IGRA result, tuberculosis incidence was 0.2 (QFT) and 0 (TSPOT) per 100 patient-years when contacts received preventive chemotherapy versus 1.2 (QFT) and 0.8 (TSPOT) per 100 patient-years in those not treated (38 and 37 patients needed to be treated to prevent one case, respectively). Positive and negative predictive values were 1.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-3.0) and 99.9% (95% CI, 99.7-100) for the QFT and 0.7% (95% CI, 0.1-2.6) and 99.7% (95% CI, 99.1-99.9) for the TSPOT. CONCLUSIONS Tuberculosis rarely developed among contacts, and preventive chemotherapy effectively reduced the tuberculosis risk among IGRA-positive contacts. Although the negative predictive value of IGRAs is high, the risk for the development of tuberculosis is poorly predicted by these assays.


European Respiratory Journal | 2010

Evaluating the non-tuberculous mycobacteria effect in the tuberculosis infection diagnosis

Irene Latorre; M. De Souza-Galvão; Juan Ruiz-Manzano; Alicia Lacoma; Cristina Prat; Neus Altet; Vicente Ausina; J. Domínguez

The aim of the present study was to determine the role of previous non-tuberculous mycobacteria sensitisation in children as a factor of discordant results between tuberculin skin test (TST) and an in vitro T-cell based assay (T-SPOT.TB; Oxford Immunotec, Oxford, UK). We enrolled 21 non-bacille Calmette-Guérin-vaccinated paediatric patients for suspicious of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). These patients yielded a positive TST and a negative T-SPOT.TB. Cells were stimulated with Mycobacterium avium sensitin (having cross-reaction with Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium scrofulaceum) and the presence of reactive T-cells was determined by an ex vivo ELISPOT. From the 21 patients, in 10 cases (47.6%), we obtained a positive ELISPOT result after stimulation with M. avium sensitin, in six (28.6%) cases, the result was negative and in the remaining five (23.8%) cases, the result was indeterminate. In conclusion, previous non-tuberculous mycobacteria sensitisation induces false-positive results in the TST for diagnosing LTBI and the use of γ-interferon tests could avoid unnecessary chemoprophylaxis treatment among a child population.


European Respiratory Journal | 2011

Diagnosing TB infection in children: analysis of discordances using in vitro tests and the tuberculin skin test

N. Altet-Gómez; M. De Souza-Galvão; Irene Latorre; Celia Milà; María Ángeles Jiménez; Jordi Solsona; Adela Cantos; J.J. Zamora; Juan Ruiz-Manzano; Vicente Ausina; J. Domínguez

The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of the interferon (IFN)-&ggr; tests (QuantiFERON®-TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-G-IT) and T-SPOT®.TB) with the tuberculin skin test (TST) in diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) infection in children, and to analyse discordant results. This was a prospective study including 98 children from contact-tracing studies and 68 children with TST indurations ≥5 mm recruited during public health screenings. Positive IFN-&ggr; tests results were associated with risk of exposure (p<0.0001). T-SPOT.TB was positive in 11 (78.6%) out of 14 cases with active TB and QFT-G-IT in nine (64.3%) out of 14 cases. Sensitised T-cells against Mycobacterium avium were detected in six out of 12 children not vaccinated with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a TST induration 5–9 mm in diameter and both IFN-&ggr; tests negative. In concordant IFN-&ggr; tests results, a positive correlation was found (p = 0.0001) between the number of responding cells and the amount of IFN-&ggr; released. However, in discordant IFN-&ggr; tests results this correlation was negative (p = 0.371): an increase in the number of spot-forming cells correlated with a decrease in the amount of IFN-&ggr; released. The use of IFN-&ggr; tests is helpful for the diagnosis of TB infection, avoiding cross-reactions with BCG immunisation and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. The analysis of highly discordant results requires further investigation to elucidate possible clinical implications.

Collaboration


Dive into the Irene Latorre's collaboration.

Top Co-Authors

Avatar

J. Domínguez

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Cristina Prat

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Neus Altet

Generalitat of Catalonia

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Vicente Ausina

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Alicia Lacoma

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Juan Ruiz-Manzano

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Celia Milà

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Maria Luiza de Souza-Galvão

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Delia Goletti

National Institutes of Health

View shared research outputs
Top Co-Authors

Avatar

Jéssica Díaz

Autonomous University of Barcelona

View shared research outputs
Researchain Logo
Decentralizing Knowledge