Irving S. Fagerson

Gel chromatography of glucose oligomers : A study of operational parameters☆

Abstract The effects of solute concentration, column length, flow-rate and temperature upon the elution behavior of glucose oligomers are discussed. A linear relationship between peak height and concentration was established for polymers up to maltoheptaose. Resolution increased considerably by increasing column length. Elution behavior of the homologous series of glucose oligomers was flow and temperature dependent. Gel bed parameters and theoretical data as influenced by operational parameters are presented.

The chemical composition of the cuticular wax of cranberry

Abstract Cuticular wax of cranberry fruit (Vaccinium macrocarpon var. Howes) was analysed by thin layer and gas-liquid chromatography in conjunction with mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy. The wax was shown to contain n-paraffins (10·7%), n-aldehydes (14·3%), n-alcohols (6·5%), n-fatty acids (9·7%), sterols (5·0%) and pentacyclic triterpene alcohols (5·8%), acetates (6·1%) and acids (30·7%).

The constituent cutin acids of cranbury cuticle

Abstract Purified cutin from cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon , var. Howes) skin was selectively degraded, and the cutin acids, as methyl esters, separated by TLC into seven classes including monobasic acids, dibasic acids, monohydroxy monobasic acids, monohydroxy epoxymonobasic acids, vic -dihydroxy dibasic acids, dihydroxy monobasic acids and trihydroxy monobasic acids. Of the 41 components identified in cranberry cutin by GLC and MS analysis, 18-hydroxyoctadec- cis -9-enoic acid (9·4%), 18-hydroxy- cis -9,10-epoxyoctadecanoic acid (7·5%), 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid (16·7%) and threo -9,10,18-trihydroxyoctadecanoic acid (43·7%) were shown to be the major constituents.

Autoxidation of saturated fatty acids. I. The initial products of autoxidation of methyl palmitate

A highly purified methyl palmitate free of all detectable impurities was oxidized by aeration at 150C. Monohydroperoxide was shown by thin-layer chromatography (TLC), spot and spray test, and polarography to be the initial autoxidation product.

Volatile substances derived from the cuticle wax of cranberry

Abstract Thirteen volatile substances have been identified in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon, var. Howes) cuticle wax by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry including α-terpineol, benzoic acid and benzyl benzoate. The presence of benzoic acid and other benzenoid and terpenoid compounds in cuticle wax suggests these substances might function in a defensive mechanism.

Autoxidation of saturated fatty acids. II. The determination of the site of hydroperoxide groups in autoxidizing methyl palmitate

The monohydroperoxides of methyl palmitate oxidized at 150C were concentrated, purified, and reduced to yield a mixture of isomers of monohydroxy palmitate. No evidence of unsaturation in these molecules could be obtained, and no direct method for the resolution or identification of the individual isomers was found. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of the reduced esters suggested that the hydroxy groups were not located at either end of the chain of the fatty ester.To establish the location of the initial oxidative attack on saturated esters, the reduced esters of oxidized methyl palmitate were chemically cleaved at the location of the hydroxy group by means of chromium trioxide oxidation and by the Beckmann transformation. The resulting mono- and dibasic fatty acids were methylated and analyzed by gas chromatography. This analysis indicated that the oxidation of methyl palmitate did not occur selectively at one location along the ester. Although all carbon atoms can apparently be oxidized, preferential oxidation was observed toward the center of the molecule.

Seed lipids of the American cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon)

Abstract The lipids from cranberry seeds have been shown to contain phosphatidyl choline, serine and ethanolamine, mono- and digalactosyl glycerides and a number of neutral components including glycerides, hydrocarbons and several triterpenoids. Glyceride fatty acids were determined, and the hydrocarbon and triterpenoid fractions examined in further detail.