Ivan Mota

MAST CELLS AND ANAPHYLAXIS

Der Mechanismus der bei der Antigen-Antikorper-Reaktion zustande kommenden Mastzell-disruption wird anhand der neuesten, vorwiegend an isolierten Zellen durchgefuhrten Untersuchungen diskutiert; dabei wird insbesondere auf jene Befunde, die fur einen enzymatischen Vorgang sprechen, eingegangen64.

Isotype of antibodies responsible for immune lysis in Trypanosoma cruzi infected mice

Serum obtained from mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi have antibodies able to induce immune lysis in presence of complement. Gel filtration in Sephadex G-200 and affinity chromatography with rabbit anti-mouse IgG and protein A-Sepharose showed that the antibodies responsible for the immune serum lytic activity are exclusively located in Ig of IgG isotype, including IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b and probably IgG3. It is suggested that antibodies responsible for protection against T. cruzi infection and antibodies responsible for immune lysis are the same.

Fundamentals of immunology

1 Tissue and Cells of the Immune System.- 2 Activity of Immune Cells.- 3 Antigens.- 4 Antibodies.- 5 Complement.- 6 The Major Histocompatibility Complex.- 7 Antigen-Antibody Interaction.- 8 Blood Groups.- 9 Hypersensitivity.- 10 Transplantation.- 11 Immunity.- 12 Immunodeficiencies.- 13 Autoimmunity.- 14 Immunomodulation.- Brief History of Important Immunologic Discoveries and Developments.- Glossary of Immunologic Terms.- Subject and Author Index.

Two biologically different mouse IgG1 antibodies

Isolated mouse antibodies were submitted to affinity chromatography with protein A. Three peaks were obtained: peak I that did not bind to protein A, peak II eluted with 0.5 M NaSCN and peak III eluted with 2.0 M NaSCN. Peak I and peak II contained IgG1 but no detectable IgG2 or IgG3, whereas peak III contained IgG2 and IgG3 but no detectable IgG1. Peak I, but not peak II, showed heat-resistant passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) activity in rats which was absorbed by anti-IgG1 antiserum but not by anti-IgE. Both peak I and peak II showed heat-resistant PCA activity in mice, that was absorbed by anti-IgG1 serum. Peak III showed PCA activity in guinea pigs but not in mice or rats. These findings suggest that mouse IgG1 can be divided into 2 populations that differ in their affinity for protein A and in their PCA activity.

Antigenic competition in IgE antibody production. III. Suppressive effect on Th and B cells.

An adoptive cell transfer system was utilized to evaluate the site of action of the suppressive mechanism involved in antigenic competition in IgE antibody production. Carrier-primed (OA) and hapten-primed (DNP-KLH) spleen cells were transferred to syngeneic irradiated recipients that were challenged with a heterologous conjugate (DNP-OA). To study the effect of antigenic competition on T and B cells, donor mice of one or the other cell type received in addition the competitor antigen (Asc) at immunization. The adoptive secondary IgE anti-DNP antibody response was suppressed in both situations. This effect could not be attributed to transfer of Asc-primed cells. Irradiation of donor mice before immunization with the two antigens abrogated the suppressive effect. These results indicate that both Th and B cells primed to the test antigen were affected by antigenic competition.

Os basófilos do líquido cefalorraqueano

The references to the basophil type of granulocyte of the abnormal cerebrospinal fluid are strictly limited and deficient. Some authors describe them as tissue basophils (mast cells) stating that there are no basophil granulocytes in the spinal fluid. The purpose of this paper is to contribut to the study of this subject. The material of the study consisted of the clinical records of 300 neurologic patients whose spinal fluid cytologic examinations revealed the basophils. The results of these studies showed that the basophils of the cerebrospinal fluid and the blood basophils are morphologically identical. However, the lack of correlation between the number of basophils in the blood and in the spinal fluid suggests that the basophil of the spinal fluid comes from the leptomeninges and in a sense it is a tissue basophil. In the group of patients with inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (Group 1), mostly cases of lymphocytic meningitis, meningo-encepha- litis, and meningomyelitis, the basophils ranged between 0.1 and 18 per cent. In the cases of purulent and tuberculous meningitis the basophils were observed in a lesser number (0.1 to 5 per cent). In the group of patients with changes in the cerebrospinal fluid due to subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain cysticercosis and air injected into the subarachnoidal space (Group 2), the basophils ranged between 0.1 and 11 per cent. In several patients plasma cells and eosinophils were frequently observed in association with the basophil leucocytes. There was a good correlation between basofils and eosinophils in the group of patients with problable immune-allergic reactions (Group 2). Basophils disappear rapidly from the spinal fluid after the onset of the disease. Usually basophils are seen in cases with spinal fluid pleocytosis, but it is not uncommon to observe them in cases with normal cell count. We know nothing about the meaning of the spinal fluid basophil in relation to central nervous system diseases and this is a field open to clinical and experimental investigations. It would be tempting to suggest that basophils do appear in the spinal fluid as part of the cytologic changes which point out to an immune-allergic reaction in its acute phase.

Homocytotropic and heterocytotropic activity of mouse IgG1 antibodies

Mouse anti-ovalbumin antibodies were isolated by affinity chromatography and fractionated in a column of protein A-Sepharose. Three peaks were obtained: peak I that did not bind to protein A, peak II eluted with 0.5 M NaSCN and peak III eluted with 2.0 M NaSCN. Peak I and peak II contained IgG1 but no detectable IgG2 or IgG3, whereas peak II contained IgG2 and IgG3 but no detectable IgG1. Peak I, but not peak II, showed heat-resistant passive cutaneous anaphylactic (PCA) activity in rats, which was absorbed by anti-IgG1 serum but not by anti-IgE. Both peak I and peak II showed heat-resistant PCA activity in mice, that was absorbed by anti-IgG1. Peak III showed PCA activity in guinea pigs but not in mice or rats. These findings suggest that mouse IgG1 can be divided into 2 populations that differ in physicochemical and biological properties.