Ivone Ferreira Neves

Maturação do processamento auditivo em crianças com e sem dificuldades escolares

BACKGROUND: auditory processing maturation in school children with and without learning difficulties. AIM: to verify response improvement with the increase in age of the auditory processing skills in school children with ages ranging from eight to ten years, with and without learning difficulties and to perform a comparative study. METHOD: eighty-nine children without learning complaints (Group I) and 60 children with learning difficulties (Group II) were assessed. The used auditory processing tests were: Pediatric Speech Intelligibility (PSI), Speech in Noise, Dichotic Non-Verbal (DNV) and Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW). RESULTS: a better performance was observed for Group I between the ages of eight and ten in all of the used tests. However, the observed differences were statistically significant only for PSI and SSW. For Group II, a better performance was also observed with the increase in age, with statistically significant differences for all of the used tests. Comparing the results between Groups I and II, a better performance was verified for children with no learning difficulties, in the three age groups, in PSI, DNV and SSW. CONCLUSION: a statistically significant improvement was verified in the responses of the auditory processing with the increase in age, for the ages between eight and ten years, in children with and without learning difficulties. In the comparative study, it was verified that children with learning difficulties presented a lower performance in all of the used tests in the three age groups. This suggests, for this group, a delay in the maturation of the auditory processing skills.BACKGROUND Auditory processing maturation in school children with and without learning difficulties. AIM To verify response improvement with the increase in age of the auditory processing skills in school children with ages ranging from eight to ten years, with and without learning difficulties and to perform a comparative study. METHOD Eighty-nine children without learning complaints (Group 1) and 60 children with learning difficulties (Group II) were assessed. The used auditory processing tests were: Pediatric Speech Intelligibility (PSI), Speech in Noise, Dichotic Non-Verbal (DNV) and Staggered Spondaic Word (SSW). RESULTS A better performance was observed for Group I between the ages of eight and ten in all of the used tests. However, the observed differences were statistically significant only for PSI and SSW. For Group II, a better performance was also observed with the increase in age, with statistically significant differences for all of the used tests. Comparing the results between Groups I and II, a better performance was verified for children with no learning difficulties, in the three age groups, in PSI, DNV and SSW. CONCLUSION A statistically significant improvement was verified in the responses of the auditory processing with the increase in age, for the ages between eight and ten years, in children with and without learning difficulties. In the comparative study, it was verified that children with learning difficulties presented a lower performance in all of the used tests in the three age groups. This suggests, for this group, a delay in the maturation of the auditory processing skills.

Potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico com estímulo de fala

TEMA: embora o uso clinico do estimulo clique na avaliacao da funcao auditiva no Tronco Encefalico (TE) ja esteja bastante difundido, e uma grande variedade de pesquisadores usarem tal estimulo nos estudos da audicao humana, pouco se sabe a respeito do processamento auditivo de estimulos complexos como a fala. OBJETIVO: o presente estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar os achados dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefalico (PEATE) realizados com estimulos de fala, em individuos adultos com desenvolvimento tipico. METODO: 50 individuos, sendo 22 do genero masculino e 28 do feminino, com desenvolvimento tipico, foram avaliados quanto aos PEATE, tanto para estimulo clique quanto para estimulo de fala. RESULTADOS: foram identificadas e analisadas as latencias e amplitudes das componentes da resposta onset (V, A e complexo VA), a area e slope, que ocorrem antes dos 10ms; essas medidas foram identificadas em todos os individuos avaliados, e mostrou valores de latencias (ms) para as ondas V, A e Complexo VA: V= 7.18 (DP= 1.08); A = 8.66 (DP=1.13); Complexo VA = 1.49 (DP=0.43). Para as amplitudes (µV) das ondas, os valores foram: V = 0.29 (DP=0.15); A = -0.3 (DP=0.18); Complexo VA = 0.58 (DP=0.25). As medidas de area (µV X ms) e slope (µV/ms) foram 0.27 (DP=0.17) e 0.4 (DP=0.17) respectivamente. CONCLUSAO: a partir dos dados coletados, pode-se constatar que este potencial surge como uma nova ferramenta para o conhecimento da codificacao dos sons em nivel de TE.

Potenciais evocados auditivos pré e pós-tratamento em indivíduos gagos: estudo piloto

BACKGROUND: P300 event-related potential has been used as an instrument to establish the diagnosis of several disorders as well as to assess therapeutic outcomes. AIM: to investigate the relationship between stuttering amelioration and cerebral activity. METHOD: P300 event-related potentials were obtained in three adult males, all stutterers, aged 20 to 31 years, pre and post-treatment, verifying changes in wave amplitude and latency between waves. RESULTS: results indicate a significant positive correlation between the reduction in the percentage of stuttered syllables and the improvement in wave amplitude for the right ear. CONCLUSION: stutterers can exhibit different patterns of interhemispheric activity with a tonal P300 task after undergoing a fluency-enhancing program.

Estudo das latências e amplitudes dos potenciais evocados auditivos de média latência em indivíduos audiologicamente normais

Contemporary cohort cross-sectional study. Introduction: The auditory middle latency response (AMLR) is generated between 10 and 80 ms and has multiple generators, with a greater contribution from the thalamus-cortical pathways. The establishment of normality criteria for latency and amplitude values is necessary for clinical use. AIM: to analyze the latency and amplitude of the AMLR in individuals without audiological disorders, and verify the reliability of Pa-Nb amplitude. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The AMLR of 25 individuals was collected during 2005 and the Na, Pa, Nb components were analyzed for each tested ear (A1 and A2), and electrode positioning (C3 and C4). RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was noticed among middle latency values for C3A1 and C4A1 regarding components Na and Pa, and no difference for component Nb and mean values for amplitudes Na-Pa and Pa-Nb. Conclusions: We established average and standard deviation values for latency and amplitude parameters for components Na, Pa, Nb and Na-Pa and Pa-Nb, under conditions C3A1, C4A1, C3A2, C4A2, providing a parameter for the analysis and interpretation of this potential.

Avaliação eletrofisiológica da audição em gagos, pré e pós terapia fonoaudiológica

BACKGROUND: stuttering is a speech fluency disorder. Auditory evoked potentials (AEP) are electrophysiological tests that are being used as an instrument to establish the diagnosis of several disorders as well as to assess therapeutic outcomes. AIM: 1 - to characterize the AEP of individuals with stuttering in comparison to a control group; 2 - to verify the amelioration of these potentials post speech-language treatment. METHOD: the research sample was composed by 8 adult males with stuttering - research group (RG), with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years, and 8 normally fluent adult males - control group (CG), within the same age range. Each group was assessed twice through brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER), middle latency response (MLR) and P300; assessments were carried out with a three months interval. RESULTS: pre therapeutic outcomes - altered BAER results in one individual of the RG; altered MLR results in two individuals of the RG and in one individual of the CG; altered P300 results in two individuals of the RG. Comparison between pre and post speech-language treatment results indicate: BAER - decrease in wave I latency in 66.7% of the ears in the RG; MLR - a 16.7% decrease in wave PA latency in C3 for the RG; P300 latency decreased by 58.7% in both groups. CONCLUSION: the findings of this study indicate that MLR and P300 were the potentials that better characterized both groups and the three AEP expressed the neural plasticity post-speech-language treatment.

Post-auricular muscle reflex in the Middle Latency Evoked Auditory Response

UNLABELLED The Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Response may be influenced by the post-auricular muscle reflex which occurs at the same latency of this potential. AIM to evaluate the muscle reflex influence on the middle latency response, identifying the most appropriate place for response recording. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective study in which 40 normal hearing individuals, ranging in age from 18 to 40 years old, were assessed by Middle Latency Response with electrodes placed first on the mastoids, and then on the earlobes. RESULTS significant statistical differences were seen between the values found with electrodes placed on the mastoids and on the earlobes concerning the Na-Pa amplitude in C3/A1, C3/A2 and C4/A2, concerning the Na wave latency in C3/A2 and C4/A2, and concerning the Pa wave latency in C3/A1 and C3/A2. We found a higher occurrence of the post-auricular reflex when the electrode was placed on the mastoids, in all studied modalities. CONCLUSION there was post-auricular muscle reflex interference upon the Middle Latency Response obtained when the electrodes were placed on the mastoid, and the most efficient electrode disposition in order to capture and to register more accurately this potential was on the earlobe.

Middle latency response study of auditory evoked potentials amplitudes and lantencies audiologically normal individuals

UNLABELLED Contemporary cohort cross-sectional study. INTRODUCTION The auditory middle latency response (AMLR) is generated between 10 and 80 ms and has multiple generators, with a greater contribution from the thalamus-cortical pathways. The establishment of normality criteria for latency and amplitude values is necessary for clinical use. AIM to analyze the latency and amplitude of the AMLR in individuals without audiological disorders, and verify the reliability of Pa-Nb amplitude. MATERIALS AND METHODS The AMLR of 25 individuals was collected during 2005 and the Na, Pa, Nb components were analyzed for each tested ear (A1 and A2), and electrode positioning (C3 and C4). RESULTS A statistically significant difference was noticed among middle latency values for C3A1 and C4A1 regarding components Na and Pa, and no difference for component Nb and mean values for amplitudes Na-Pa and Pa-Nb. CONCLUSIONS We established average and standard deviation values for latency and amplitude parameters for components Na, Pa, Nb and Na-Pa and Pa-Nb, under conditions C3A1, C4A1, C3A2, C4A2, providing a parameter for the analysis and interpretation of this potential.

Distúrbios de leitura e escrita em portadora do vírus da imunodeficiência humana: estudo de caso

This paper had the aim to describe the case of a human immunodeficiency virus-positive child with reading and writing disorders, analyzing the functional strategies and the results obtained in the pre and post speech-language therapy evaluations. A weekly closed speech-language therapeutic program (of 15 sessions), lasting 50 minutes each, was carried out with an 11 year-old female patient of the Speech and Hearing Investigation Laboratory in Reading and Writing. Different strategies focusing on auditory processing, phonological and phonemic awareness, reading and writing were used. Writing evaluations and audiological exams were performed at the beginning and the end of the aforementioned program. After the 15 sessions, an improvement was observed in words decoding and written production of small texts (adequate from the generic competence point of view), as well as in auditory information processing. The most motivating strategies were: activities with child poems, computer activities, crosswords, word search, and game of written stories for complementing. In this specific case, working with strategies that were interesting for the child and balancing the new with the unknown contributed to the functional success of the therapeutic process in reading and writing. The audiological assessment is important before and after a closed therapeutic program as it is crucial to both monitor the therapeutic evolution and to evaluate the relevance of this program.

Reflexo pós-auricular no Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Média Latência

The Middle Latency Auditory Evoked Response may be influenced by the post-auricular muscle reflex which occurs at the same latency of this potential. AIM: to...