J. Jaillard

La captation myocardique des acides gras libres chez l'homme: étude des acides gras individuels et action de divers agents pharmacodynamiques

Abstract Myocardial extraction of free fatty acids was studied in 26 patients without metabolic disease. All patients were physically at rest and fasting. Expressed as the percentage of arterial level, the myocardial extraction reaches 32.3% and has a linear correlation with the arterial level. Oxygen extraction ratio of FFA was 58.4%. The study of individual free fatty acids by gas chromatography shows that the greater part of the fatty acids extracted consists of oleic and palmitic acids. In our study, the myocardial extraction of fatty acids was not influenced by carbon chain length and by the number of double bonds, but the myocardial uptake and the arterial level have a linear correlation. The myocardial extraction of FFA was not influenced by the injection of some drugs (heparin, ouabain).

Influence du glucose sur la composition des acides gras non estérifiés du plasma humain normal

Abstract Analyses of the fatty acid composition of human plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were performed by gas chromatography, before and after glucose infusion. The results obtained indicate a significant decrease in the percentage of oleic acid and an increase in the percentage of myristic and palmitoleic acids. Significant decrease in the rate of each fatty acid was observed and statistical studies showed that, after glucose infusion, most of the remaining NEFA derived from pools other than adipose tissue.

Influence de l'hormone adrénocorticotrope sur la composition des acides gras non estérifiés du plasma humain normal

Abstract Analyses of the fatty acid composition of human plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were performed by gas chromatography before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone infusions. The results obtained indicate a significant increase of NEFA, especially of the unsaturated fraction; fatty acid composition of mobilized NEFA differed from that of adipose tissue; it appears that ACTH-sensitive lipase is not the only factor involved in this phenomenon; this hormone is indeed relatively specific for the 1- and 3-triglyceride ester linkages. Therefore, other metabolic pathways are involved, such as monoglyceride lipase and phospholipase activities, undoubtedly associated with selective binding by liver and other tissues.

Étude dynamique in vivo et in vitro de la composition des acides gras non estérifiés du plasma post-héparine chez l'homme

Abstract Analysis of the fatty acid composition of healthy human post-heparin plasma unesterified fatty acids and ante-heparin plasma triglycerides were compared. A similar study was made in vitro before and after post-heparin plasma triglycerides hydrolysis. The results obtained indicate that heparin-induced lipolytic activity is not specifically related to either the nature or the position of the fatty acid triglycerides. Ante-heparin plasma unesterified fatty acids contained a high percentage of stearic acid; the explanation of this phenomenon is not yet clear.