J. M. Dong

Branching ratios of {alpha} decay to excited states of even-even nuclei

Branching ratios of α-decay to members of the ground state rotational band and excited 0 states of even-even nuclei are calculated in the framework of the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) by taking into account the angular momentum of the α-particle and the excitation probability of the daughter nucleus. The calculation covers isotopic chains from Hg to Fm in the mass regions 180 < A < 202 and A≥ 224. The calculated branching ratios of the α-transitions are in good agreement with the experimental data and some useful predictions are provided for future experiments.

Proton radioactivity within a generalized liquid drop model

The proton radioactivity half-lives of spherical proton emitters are investigated theoretically. The potential barriers preventing the emission of protons are determined in the quasimolecular shape path within a generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) including the proximity effects between nuclei in a neck and the mass and charge asymmetry. The penetrability is calculated with the WKB approximation. The spectroscopic factor has been taken into account in half-life calculation, which is obtained by employing the relativistic mean field (RMF) theory combined with the BCS method with the force NL3. The half-lives within the GLDM are compared with the experimental data and other theoretical values. The GLDM works quite well for spherical proton emitters when the spectroscopic factors are considered, indicating the necessity of introducing the spectroscopic factor and the success of the GLDM for proton emission. Finally, we present two formulas for proton emission half-life calculation similar to the Viola-Seaborg formulas and Royers formulas of {alpha} decay.

Concise methods for proton radioactivity

Concise methods are proposed to study proton radioactivity. The spectroscopic factor is obtained from relativistic mean field (RMF) theory combined with the BCS method (RMF+BCS). The assault frequency is estimated by a quantum mechanical method considering the structure of the parent nucleus. The penetrability is calculated by the WKB approximation. No additional parameters are introduced. The extracted experimental spectroscopic factors are compared with those from the calculations by the RMF+BCS, and the agreement is good, implying that the present methods work quite well for proton radioactivity. Predictions are provided for some most possible proton emissions, which may be useful for future experiments.

Fine structure of alpha decay to rotational states of heavy nuclei

To gain a better insight into alpha-decay fine structure, we calculate the relative intensities of alpha decay to 2{sup +} and 4{sup +} rotational states in the framework of the generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) and improved Royers formula. The calculated relative intensities of alpha decay to 2{sup +} states are in good agreement with the experimental data. For the relative intensities of alpha decay to 4{sup +} states, a good agreement with experimental data is achieved for Th and U isotopes. The formula we obtain is useful for the analysis of experimental data of alpha-decay fine structure. In addition, some predicted relative intensities which are still not measured are provided for future experiments.

Preformation of clusters in heavy nuclei and cluster radioactivity

Within the preformed cluster model approach, the values of the preformation factors have been deduced from the experimental cluster decay half-lives assuming that the decay constant of the heavy-ion emission is the product of the assault frequency, the preformation factor and the penetrability. The law according to which the preformation factors follow a simple dependence on the mass of the cluster was confirmed. Then predictions for some of the most possible cluster decays are provided.