J. Naidoo

Understanding the Processes of Translation and Transliteration in Qualitative Research

There has been growing interest in the use of qualitative methods in health research amongst health and social care professionals. Good qualitative cross-cultural research analysis is not an easy task as it involves knowledge of different approaches, techniques and command of the appropriate languages. This article aims to discuss and explore some of the key processes and concepts involved in conducting translation and transliteration of qualitative research.

Decentralization and district health services in Nepal: understanding the views of service users and service providers.

BACKGROUND Within the decentralization framework of Government, the Ministry of Health (MoH) Nepal initiated the decentralization of primary care services closer to citizens. This paper aims to examine and understand the effect of decentralization at the district health service from the perspectives of service users and providers. METHODS Using non-probability purposive sampling, we conducted a series of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions in four primary health care institutions with service users, providers and other stakeholders. QSRNVivo7 software was used to analyse and categorize the data under emerging themes. RESULTS Decentralization was positively associated with increased service access and utilization and improved service delivery. The study also revealed areas of concern and possible improvement and identified the barriers to implementing these improvements. Problems described included three main areas: functions, functionaries and funding. CONCLUSION Both service users and providers convey a generally positive message about the health sector decentralization. The active involvement of service users, providers, policy-makers in the process of decentralization and clear national and local policy agendas may bring positive changes in district health services.

Health promotion in the medical curriculum: enhancing its potential

The medical profession has a central role in contributing to public health. An expanding role for doctors in terms of health is clearly indicated by their anticipated contributions to health improvement programmes, primary care groups, healthy living centres and health-action zones. These initiatives all require doctors to contribute to planning health promotion activities for local populations. It is timely with the recent publication of the Governments public health strategy Saving Lives-Our Healthier Nation to consider how best to integrate health promotion into medical education. This paper outlines key issues that underpin sound health promotion practice. These areas are equity, effectiveness and collaborative working. Evidence from the literature, research, policy and practice is used to demonstrate how these areas could be integrated appropriately into the medical curriculum. A series of vignettes is presented for teachers to use to enhance the effective delivery of health promotion for medical students.