J. Nyberg

Interplay between proton and neutron S-bands in the Xe-Ba-Ce-region

Abstract Two-quasiparticle bands of positive parity (S-bands) in even-even nuclei in the Xe-Ba-Ce region are systematically examined. The equilibrium deformations for the ground-state band as well as for proton and neutron ( h 11 2 ) 2 configurations are obtained from total routhian surface (TR-surfaces) calculations. By comparing systematic trends of calculated and experimental crossing frequencies, attempts are made to assign the various bands as having an ( h 11 2 ) 2 neutron or proton character, respectively.

Angular distribution of photons from the delay of the GDR in hot and rotating light Yb nuclei from exclusive experiments

Abstract Angular distributions of photons associated with the damping of excited-state giant dipole resonances (GDR) in hot and rotating 161,162 Yb nuclei have been measured in exclusive experiments using the HECTOR array. In reactions with heavy ions ( 48 T) angular distributions are determined as a function of the angular momentum of the compound nuclei. In reactions with lighter ions ( 17,18 O) a difference method is applied to isolate GDR decays originating from specific excitation regions. The systematics of the measured angular distributions as a function of excitation energy and angular momentum are compared to theories taking into account fluctuations of the shape and orientation of the excited nuclei.

High-spin spectroscopy of the 142Eu, 143Eu and 144Eu nuclei

Abstract High-spin level schemes of the 142Eu, 143Eu and 144Eu nuclei have been investigated by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic methods using the NORDBALL Compton-suppressed multi-detector array. The previously known schemes have been extended to considerably higher spin and excitation energy, up to I ≈ 30, Ex ⩾ 9 MeV in 142Eu, I = 75 2 , Ex = 15.6 MeV in 143Eu and I ≈ 40, Ex ⩾ 16 MeV in 144Eu. The level schemes are very complicated, characteristic of spherical or slightly oblate nuclei. Also, long cascades of stretched E2 transitions have been observed in all three nuclei. Plunger and DSAM lifetime results demonstrate high collectivity values up to ∼100 W.u. (up to ∼200 W.u. in 142Eu) in these E2 cascades and they are proposed to represent several crossing collective bands with the nucleus at triaxial shape of β2 ≈ 0.25 and γ ≈ 30°. Low parts of the level schemes have been discussed within the spherical shell model. Below 5.5 MeV excitation in 144Eu and 3.5 MeV in 143Eu practically all the observed levels are interpreted with shell model configurations of respectively two or four, and one or three quasiparticles.

Signature inversion in 120Cs: Evidence for a residual pn interaction

Abstract High-spin states have been observed in the odd-odd isotope 120Cs in 32S-induced reactions. The previously known band is extended to higher spin and several new bands are identified. Band-head configurations have been inferred by comparing the band properties with known bands in the odd nuclei 121Cs and 121Ba. A remarkable signature inversion is observed in the π h 11 2 ⊗ν h 11 2

Lifetimes of yrast states in 110Cd

Abstract Lifetimes or lifetime limits of 20 yrast levels in 110 Cd have been measured using the recoil-distance method and the NORDBALL array of Compton-suppressed Ge detectors. From the reduced transition probabilities competing rotational and vibrational behaviour of 110 Cd is revealed. Also non-collective states, associated with proton configurations, have been observed.

Alignment processes in 119Cs, 121Cs and 123Cs

Rotational band structures have been observed in the odd-A Cs isotopes 119Cs, 121Cs and 123Cs. The previously known bands have been extended to higher spin values and several new bands have been es ...

Competing proton and neutron alignments in neutron-deficient Xe-nuclei

Abstract High-spin structures of the neutron-deficient 117,118,120 Xe isotopes have been studied by in-beam γ-ray spectroscopic techniques. The final nuclei have been identified by means of charged-particle detectors. Collective rotational bands based on the neutron d 5 2 , g 7 2 and h 11 2 configurations have been identified in 117 Xe. In the even 118 Xe and 120 Xe nuclei several new side bands were observed and the previously known bands were extended. The present level schemes include two positive-parity bands constructed to high spin in 118 Xe, whereas in 120 Xe three such bands were observed. In order to explain these bands, both proton and neutron ( h 11 2 ) 2 alignments, as well as the shape degree of freedom, have to be invoked. The possible occurrence of a γS-band is addressed and a pronounced structural change for more heavy Xe-isotopes is discussed. All negative-parity side bands are interpreted in terms of proton two-quasiparticle excitations. The experimental data are compared with total routhian surface calculations.

Rotational bands in 107Cd

Abstract High-spin states in 107Cd were populated by the reaction 94Zr(17O, 4n) at 80 MeV and their decay was studied by γ-spectroscopic methods using the NORDBALL multi-detector array. The experiment included γ-ray yields, γ-coincidences and γ-ray angular correlation measurements. Rotational bands were observed up to spin 39 2 and ( 51 2 + ) in the negative- and positive-parity bands, respectively. Calculations of total routhian surfaces and quasi-particle routhians have been performed and are used for assigning quasiparticle configurations to the bands. In the g 7 2 neutron band, a h 11 2 neutron alignment is observed. A large signature spliting is expected in the ν g 7 2 band before the band crossing. For the band built on a single ν h 11 2 quasiparticle, an alignment of either g 7 2 or h 11 2 neutrons is proposed. Shape change effects are discussed.

High-spin states in 148Eu

Abstract High-spin states in the odd-odd nucleus 148 Eu, populated by a carbon-13 induced reaction on a lanthanum target, were investigated with several different tools of in-beam nuclear spectroscopy. The low-energy levels show collective excitations, interpreted as 3 − octupole-phonon couplings to multi-particle-hole states. A probable two-octupole-phonon state is identified. Otherwise most 148 Eu high-spin levels are interpreted in terms of fully aligned multi-particle-hole states rather well described both by a semi-empirical shell model and a deformed independent-particle model.

Collective excitations in 106Cd

High Spin states in 106Cd were populated by the reactions Zr-94(O-17, 5n) and Ge(S-32, 4n) at 80 MeV and at 148 MeV, respectively. The gamma-decay was studied by gamma-spectroscopic methods using t ...