J. van der Stock

The characteristic pattern of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the bitch with the cystic hyperplasia-pyometra complex: Effect of medical or surgical treatment

In 75 clinically normal unspayed female control dogs between two and eleven years old the average plasma level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) was 21.6±5.7 (±SD) IU/l, of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 40.4±13.0 IU/l and of the AST/ALT ratio 0.6±0.2. These values showed only minor changes over years.In 96 bitches with the cystic hyperplasia-pyometra complex there was a very significant increase of the AST, decrease of the ALT and increase of the AST/ALT ratio. The changes were more pronounced in 62 clinically ill bitches with typical endometritis post oestrum, in 18 dogs with gram negative organisms in the uterus and in 53 bitches with white blood cell (WBC) levels higher than 40×109/l. Renal failure had no influence on the specific changed values. The changed values returned either temporarily to normal after prostaglandin (PGF2α)-treatment or definitely after ovario-hysterectomy.

Heterogeneity of Bile Pigments Formed by the Breakdown of Haemoglobin in the Isolated Male-Dog Kidney

AbstractExperiments with isolated perfused male-dog kidneys and radioactive haemoglobin demonstrated a marked increase in the urinary excretion of radioactive bilirubin, when free radioactive haemoglobin was present in the plasma and excreted into the urine. It was demonstrated beyond any doubt that the bilirubin in the urine was derived from conversion of haemoglobin in the kidney (De Schepper, 1973 & 1974; Van Der Stock & De Schepper, 1973). By chromatographic separation on Sephadex G-15, the urinary bilirubin eluted in two maxima with the same specific activity (De Schepper, 1973). The radioactive bilirubin was identified as a product in which there was a good correlation between the results of each fraction as to the extinction at 458 nm, to the extinction at 596 nm of the azopigments of sulphanilic acid, to the radioactivity, and to the extinction at 530 nm and the radioactivity of the azopigments of ethyl anthra-nilate. In order to characterize the conjugated or unconjugated urinary bilirubin produc...

Increase of the total amount of conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the normothermic perfused isolated dog kidney system

SummaryThe metabolism of bilirubin was studied in 36 isolated perfused dog kidney systems. When the plasma haemoglobin binding capacity was not saturated, and even when it was so, the free plasma haemoglobin level being nevertheless lower than 50 mg/100 ml, there were no significant changes in the total amount of bilirubin in 7 male and 6 female isolated kidney perfusion systems during 7 h of perfusion. If the free plasma haemoglobin level was higher than 50 mg/100 ml during perfusion, there was a significant increase of 3.06±0.33 mg bilirubin in all 15 male kidney perfusion systems, and a significant rise of 2.92±1.07 mg bilirubin in 2 of the 11 female kidney perfusion systems. In the other 9 female systems, there was no significant change in the total amount of bilirubin after 6.5 h of perfusion. In the 15 male and the 2 female kidney perfusion systems there was an hourly production of 0.33±0.05 mg bilirubin as opposed to 0.03±0.01 mg in the other 3 groups. In the 15 males 74.0±5.2% of the total amount of conjugated bilirubin was excreted in the urine, in the 2 females only 10±0.7%. It was concluded that all male and a few female kidneys converted significant amounts of free haemoglobin into bilirubin. The male kidney excreted this conjugated bilirubin in significant amounts, the female kidney did not do so.

The urinary excretion of haemoglobin in the isolated normothermic-perfused dog kidney.

The isolated kidney handles haemoglobin in the same manner as the kidney in vivo . There is no excretion of haemoglobin when the haemoglobin-binding capacity is not saturated. When t